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WorksheetsBIO Unit 3: District Assessment Prep
Total questions: 24
Worksheet time: 1hrs 13mins
Which table correctly describes the difference between DNA and RNA
The process by which DNA is transferred to a messaenger (mRNA) is called
transcription
transition
translation
translocation
What is the process by which DNA copies itself into new cells?
translation
transcription
replication
duplication
What is the function of RNA?
to make chromosomes
to prevent mutations
to determine the sex of the individual
to use information from DNA for proteins synthesis
Which molecule is produced during transcription?
a DNA molecule
a RNA molecule
a carbohydrate
a protein
How do the functions of DNA and RNA differ?
DNA directs protein transport, while RNA aids in energy production.
DNA aids in energy production while RNA directs protein transport.
DNA stores genetic information, while RNA relays genetic information for protein synthesis.
DNA relays genetic information for protein synthesis while RNA stores genetic information.
Sickle-shaped red blood cells result from a mutation in the gene that codes for hemoglobin. This mutation results in sickle-cell anemia. A partial sequence of bases from a normal hemoglobin gene and a sequence that results in sickle-cell anemia are shown above.
Substitution
Insertion
Deletion
Frameshift
A mouse in a field eats food containing high amounts of a certain pesticide. The pesticide causes a mutation to occur in the liver cells of the mouse. Which of the following statements is most likely correct?
The mutation will spread to offspring because it is in a dominant gene.
The mutation will not spread to offspring because it is not in a sex cell.
The mutation will spread to offspring because it is beneficial.
The mutation will not spread to offspring because it is in a recessive gene
Ezra was born with an extra chromosome number 21 due to a process called nondisjunction, which is shown above. Ezra has Down Syndrome. Ezra's sister does not have an extra chromosome number 21 and so she does not have Down Syndrome. What conclusion about nondisjunction can be drawn?
It causes genetic variation that causes mutations to occur.
It causes genetic variation that cannot be replicated in cells.
It causes genetic variation that can affect the traits of an individual.
It causes genetic variation that cannot affect the traits of an individual.
The diagram shows the process of crossing over. What claim about crossing over in chromosomes is best supported by the diagram?
Crossing over increases genetic diversity through deletion.
Crossing over decreases genetic diversity through mutation.
Crossing over increases genetic diversity by creating new combinations of genes.
Crossing over decreases genetic diversity by inserting nucleotides into gene sequences.
Which statement is true about mutations?
Mutations are always beneficial.
Mutations are always harmful in plants.
Mutations can be caused by high-energy radiation.
Mutations only affect humans.
The Punnett square in the figure above shows that the gene for pea shape and the gene for pea color assort independently. Which statement summarizes the law of independent assortment?
A parent can pass on only one allele of each gene to any one offspring.
A recessive trait will only be expressed if two recessive alleles are present.
The chance of inheriting an allele is not affected by inheriting any other allele.
The probability of offspring inheriting either allele from a parent is 50%.
A boy has brown hair and blue eyes. His brother has brown eyes. The fact that they have different combinations of traits is best explained by the concept of
incomplete dominance
independent assortment
sex linkage
mitotic recombination
Why is the process of meiosis so important?
No organism can reproduce without meiosis
No organism can grow without meiosis
Meiosis can contribute to genetic variation
Meiosis prevents genetic variation.
A red rose bush cross-pollinates a white rose bush. The offspring have white flowers with red streaks. What type of inheritance is this?
Codominance
Crossing Over
Multiple alleles
Incomplete dominance
In the dihybrid cross for pea plants shown below, R is dominant for round peas, r is recessive for wrinkled peas, Y is dominant for yellow peas, and y is recessive for green peas. Which statement could be accurately made about the offspring of this cross?
There is a 100% chance of having round, green peas.
There is no chance of having any wrinkled, green peas.
There is a 50% chance of having round, yellow peas.
There is no chance of having any round, yellow peas.
Which punnett square demonstrates a pattern of incomplete dominance?
A student draws a Punnett square where two parents that are heterozygous for dimples are crossed. Dimples (D) are dominant to no dimples (d).
25%
50%
75%
100%
Which of the following BEST explains an advantage in a rapidly changing environment of species that utilize sexual reproduction over those that utilize asexual reproduction?
Sexual reproduction leads to more diversity in the offspring, increasing the species's chance of surviving in a rapidly changing environment.
Asexual reproduction leads to more diversity in the offspring, increasing the species's chance of surviving in a rapidly changing environment.
The offspring are produced more quickly in sexual reproduction, so they can be produced fast enough to keep up with a rapidly changing environment.
The offspring can be produced with little energy in asexual reproduction, so more energy is available for adapting to a rapidly changing environment.
The diagram shows a single-celled organism reproducing. What is an advantage of this type of reproduction?
It allows a species to avoid harmful mutations.
It enables a species to increase its genetic variability.
It allows a species to withstand long periods of unstable environmental conditions.
It enables a species to rapidly populate an environment that has favorable conditions.
Being genetically identical to the parent is most advantageous for organisms in which situation?
Mates cannot be found easily and the species is dying out.
The environment is changing and fast reproduction is needed.
Many offspring are needed in a very short amount of time.
The environment is just like the one the parent lived in successfully
A male and female have a child that has three copies of chromosome 18. Although both parents are unaffected, their doctor claims that the disorder associated with having an extra chromosome 18 is the result of a chromosomal mutation in cells that carry inherited material. Which argument supports this claim?
A mutation occurred when crossing over caused chromosome 18 to be replicated twice during meiosis, allowing one parent to donate two copies of chromosome 18 to the child.
A nondisjunction mutation was caused by the improper separation of the genetic material during meiosis, allowing the gamete of one parent to donate two copies of chromosome 18 to the child.
A substitution mutation during replication allowed the genetic material of chromosome 18 to replace the genetic material of a nearby chromosome, causing the child to have three copies of chromosome 18.
An insertion mutation during replication allowed the genetic material of chromosome 18 to be inserted into the genetic material of another chromosome, causing three copies of chromosome 18 to be made.
The loss of an adequate Cavendish banana seed supply could result in extinction of this variety.
The changes in characteristics from a parent plant to a clone will produce inconsistent plants that are less healthy
The lack of genetic variability among clones puts the whole species at increased risk of extinction through a catastrophic disease or pest.
The increasing number of homologous sets of chromosomes with each successive generation of clones will eventually result in widespread death of banana plants.
Growers on large banana farms that supply food commercially have chosen to limit their plantings exclusively to Cavendish banana plants. What advantage is likely cited by the growers for continued planting of these asexually produced crops year after year?
Seedless cloned plants are not damaged by disease and pest organisms.
Successive generations of clones produce larger bananas and healthier plants.
The cloned banana plants rapidly adapt to extreme environmental changes due to their limited genetic variation.
The bananas produced maintain consistent characteristics in quality, taste, and appearance from one crop of clones to the next.
