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DNA Unit Review

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 3hrs 30mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What is the central dogma of biology?

a)

Protein to RNA to DNA

b)

RNA to DNA to Protein

c)

DNA to RNA to Protein

d)

RNA to Protein to DNA

2.
In a molecule of double-stranded DNA, the amount of Adenine present is always equal to the amount of
a)
cytosine
b)
guanine
c)
thymine
d)
uracil
3.
Which organelle is DNA usually found in?
a)
cell membrane
b)
vacuole
c)
chloroplast
d)
nucleus
4.
What is a codon?
a)

It is a three letter section of bases that are read by ribosomes to link amino acids into a protein

b)

They are the codes on the DNA (hence "code-on")

c)
It is a type of mutation that occurs when there has been a substitution, deletion or insertion.
d)

It is a made up word for this quiz.

5.
What are the building blocks of proteins call?
a)
DNA
b)
RNA
c)
Ribosomes
d)
Amino Acids
6.

What is the function of the ribosome in a cell?

a)

to build proteins

b)

to replicate DNA

c)

to copy the DNA information into RNA

d)

to make cellular energy

7.
Adenine bonds with ______________.
a)
Guanine
b)
Thymine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Adenine
8.
Guanine bonds with ______________.
a)
Adenine
b)
Guanine
c)
Cytosine
d)
Thymine
9.
What is a Gene?
a)
A segment of RNA that encodes for a protein
b)
A chromosome
c)
A segment of DNA that encodes for a protein
d)
Your genome
10.
Nitrogenous bases are joined by which type of bond?
a)
polar bonds
b)
ionic bonds
c)
covalent bonds
d)
hydrogen bonds
11.
The enzyme that unzips the DNA to prepare for replication
a)
helicase
b)
replicase
c)
polymerase
d)
synthase
12.
A process in which DNA has the unique ability to make an exact copy of itself.
a)
Replication
b)
Translation
c)
Transcription
13.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
14.

What are nucleotides made of?

a)

Sugar, Phosphate, nitrogen base

b)

Phosphate, Adenine, nitrogen base

c)

Thymine, Adenine, Cytomine

d)

Phosphate, Nitrogen, Adenine

15.

If the percentage of DNA is made of 30% Thymine, what is the correct percentage of Guanine?

(Hint: A/T pairs + C/G pairs = 100)

a)

30

b)

15

c)

20

d)

60

16.
What is the sugar in the DNA molecule?
a)
deoxyribose
b)
ribose
c)
glucose
d)
fructose
17.
Which enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides?
a)
Topoisomerase
b)
DNA Polymerase
c)
Ligase
d)
Primase
18.

Which enzyme is responsible for adding the RNA primer to the template strand?

a)

Helicase

b)

DNA Polymerase

c)

Ligase

d)

Primase

19.
Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?
a)
double helix
b)
contains ribose
c)
made of amino acids
d)
contains Uracil
20.
Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?
a)
amino acids
b)
nucleotides
c)
fatty acids
d)
polysaccharides
21.
Why is DNA important?
a)
it is very small and very complicated
b)
it's in everything
c)
it serves as the blueprint for traits of all living things
d)
because we eat it every day for energy
22.
What determines the code, or information, of a DNA molecule?
a)
the shape (structure) of the nitrogen bases
b)
the order (sequence) of the nitrogen bases
c)
the color of the nitrogen bases
d)
the frequency (number) of nitrogen bases
23.
What is the correct structure of DNA?
a)
A double strand of nucleotides 
b)
A single strand of nucleotides
c)
A double strand of amino acids 
d)
A single strand of amino acids
24.

What is the name given to part of a DNA molecule that contains plans (codes) for a protein?

a)

Glucose

b)

Chromosome

c)

Gene

d)

Phosphate

25.

The regulated process that allows genetic information to be turned on or off to respond to its changing environment is called....

a)

Gene expression

b)

Gene technology

c)

Eukaryotic expression

d)

Prokaryotic expression

26.

Environmental factors can influence gene expression (turn genes on or off).

a)

True

b)

False

27.

Which of the following to all living organisms that contain DNA share?

a)

Same number of genes

b)

Exact order of base pairs

c)

Same 4 nitrogenous bases

d)

Identical genomes

28.

This picture is an example of .................

a)

Gene Expression

b)

Different Species

c)

Magic

d)

Male & Female Rabbits

29.

Genes can be compared to light switches because ________ are "turned on" and ________ are "turned off".

a)

all, none

b)

some, others

c)

none, all

30.

The function of both DNA and RNA molecules is to .............

a)

provide genetic information

b)

build proteins

c)

make molecules

d)

make energy

31.
In RNA, Uracil pairs with ______. 
a)
cytosine
b)
adenine
c)
guanine
d)
thymine
32.
The process to go from DNA to mRNA is _______
a)
translation
b)
transcription
c)
replication
33.
The process to go from mRNA to a protein is called ____
a)
transcription
b)
rRNA
c)
replication
d)
translation
34.
Choose the nucleotide sequence of the RNA strand that would be complementary to the following strand: 
GTAGTCA
a)
UATUAGA
b)
ACGACTG
c)
CAUCAGU
d)
CATCAGT
35.
What amino acid is represented by the codon UUA?
a)
Phenylalanine
b)
Tyrosine
c)
Leucine
d)
Stop codon
36.
What process is going on in this photo? 
a)
Transcription 
b)
Translation 
c)
Replication 
d)
All the above 
37.
Which component of DNA determines the traits of an organism? 
a)
Nitrogen Bases
b)
Sugar-Phosphate Backbone
c)
Hydrogen bonds
38.
What is the location in the cell for translation?
a)
nucleus
b)
mitochondria
c)
ribosome
d)
chloroplast
39.
What is the three base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid?
a)
Anticodon
b)
Codon
c)
Protein
40.
What is the location in the cell for transcription?
a)
nucleus
b)
cytoplasm
c)
ribosome
d)
mitochondria
41.
Which is the mRNA molecule that would be transcribed from this DNA template:
TGGCAAGTACGT
a)
ACCGTTCATGCA
b)
UGGCAAGUACGU
c)
UCCGUUCUUGCU
d)
ACCGUUCAUGCA
42.
In DNA, Adenine pairs with ___________. 
a)
Guanine
b)
Cytosine
c)
Thymine
d)
Uracil
43.
Translation is the process where
a)
mRNA is created in the Nucleus
b)
mRNA is decoded to form a protein 
c)
glucose molecules are made
d)
is where lipids are synthesised
44.
What is the correct amino acid sequence for the mRNA code AUGCCAGUAUGA
a)
Met-Pro-Ala-Val
b)
Met-Pro-Val
c)
Tyr-Gly-His
d)
Tyr-Gly-Arg-His
45.
How many amino acids are coded for by this sequence of nucleotides:
ATG GGA ACT CCA
a)
4
b)
2
c)
6
d)
12
46.

Which of the following types of cells contain DNA?

a)

Plant Cells Only

b)

Prokaryotes Only

c)

Eukaryotes Only

d)

All Cells

47.

What role does the enzyme HELICASE play in DNA replication?

a)

glues DNA segments together

b)

pairs/adds new nucleotides

c)

breaks hydrogen bonds

d)

flags starting place

48.

Which of the following is NOT a way you can tell DNA and RNA apart?

a)

nitrogenous bases

b)

number of strands

c)

sugar found in the nucleotide

d)

location in the cell

49.

What characteristic of DNA allows for all of us to look different from each other?

a)

sequence/order of nucleotides

b)

sugar in the nucleotide

c)

shape of the DNA

d)

phosphate group on the nucleotides

50.

TRUE or FALSE???
The more base letters that 2 organisms have in common, the more closely related they are.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

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