This is the measure of the amount of dissolved salts in ocean water.

What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by the global ocean?

What is the average salinity of ocean water?

________ is the mass of a substance per unit of volume.

These are stream-like movements of ocean water that follow a predictable pattern. They occur in the upper layers of ocean water and are caused and controlled primarily by global wind patterns.

These movements of ocean water occur when several major surface currents combine to create giant "loops." There are two of these in the Northern Hemisphere and three in the Southern Hemisphere.

________ water is more dense and will sink beneath _______ water.

_______ water is more dense and will sink beneath ________ water.

Most places on Earth experience ____ high tides and ____ low tides every day.

_________ are areas where cool, nutrient-rich water rises to the surface near some coastlines and the equator. The nutrients support a wide variety of marine organisms in these areas.

These are the daily rise and fall of sea level at a given location. They are primarily caused by the gravitational pull of the moon on large bodies of water.

Surface currents move heat and moisture throughout the Earth system. They can be warm or cold.

Warm surface currents usually begin near the _____.

Cold surface currents usually begin near the ______.

These ocean water movements are caused by differences in the density of ocean water.

Cold, salty water near the poles sinks and moves along the bottom of the ocean away from the poles and back towards the equator.

These ocean movements are caused when energy from wind is transferred to water molecules. The longer, stronger, and further the wind blows across the water, the bigger the _____ will be. They will eventually "break" when they grow too tall or encounter shallow water or a coastline.

Which of the following does not cause or control surface currents?

The global movement of ocean water in a cycle of surface and deep currents that is driven by differences density related to salinity and temperature. It can take hundreds of years to complete one cycle.

"Oceans play an important role in shaping the conditions that make Earth the only planet known to support life."

Which of the following are reasons that support this statement?

(Choose three)

This warm surface current affects the east coast of the United Sates and brings warmer water to northern Europe.

This cold surface current affects the west coast of the United Sates. It brings colder water from near Alaska and is part of the reason why our ocean water is so chilly!

The global oceans contain over ____ of all water on Earth.

Continental Rise

Continental Slope

Continental Shelf

Abyssal Plain

Mid-ocean ridge

Trench

Seamounts

Box 8

Box 10

Box 12

Box 11

Box 9

Which of the following ocean movements are primarily caused by wind?

Box 1

Box 3

Box 4

Box 5

Box 7

Which of the following features make up the continental margin?

(Choose three)

Which three factors affect the size of a wave?

(Choose 3)

The gravitational effects of Sun and moon cancel out during a _________.

The gravitational effects of the Sun and moon add together during a __________.

The most abundant elements found in the sea salts that are dissolved in ocean water are ________(55%) and __________ (30.6%).

Which of the following are sources of dissolved gases in ocean water?

(Choose 4)

Sand, mud, and other small bits of matter. It is thickest closer to the continental margin and thinnest near a mid-ocean ridge.

Box A

Box D

On average, ocean water is ____ pure water!

Which of the following is not part of the deep ocean basin?

(Choose 1)