A location that is found in relation to another location. (EX~ the location of the US Capitol is located about 38 miles southwest of Baltimore)

To be or come into a close group

The action or process of distributing things or people over a wide area (EX~ moving things or people across a wide space)

An area that has officially recognized the boundaries defining it

A region that serves as a function. A defined geographical area centered around a specific focal point with a specific function

A region that is based on the "shared" feelings and attitudes of the people who live in the area

Describes the effect of distance on culture or spatical interactions

Any phenomenon that alters the qualities of and relationship between time and space (Ex~ the theory that island nations have unique cultural traits solely because of their isolation from continental societies)

The belief that the environment (physical factors) determine the patterns of human culture and societal development

Theory that the environment sets certain constraints or limits, but culture is otherwise determined by social conditions

A map that portrays the geographic pattern of a particular subject matter in a geographic area

A map that shows where something is in space

A map that represents countries, states, and towns

A map that shows the natural landscape features of the earth

A type of thematic map that has a set of predefined areas in colored or patterned in proportion to a statistical variable that represents an aggregate summary of a geographic characteristics within each area

A type of thematic map which uses a point symbol to visualize the geographic distribution of a large # of related phenomenon

This type of map is used to show a quantitative difference between mapped features by varying the size of symbols

The # of farmers per area of farmland

The population density measured as the # of people per unit area of land

The # of people per unit of arable land

The # of people per square mile of land area

The way in which people are spread across a given area

A population policy which aims to discourage births

A population policy which aims to encourage more births through the use of incentives

Exponential increases in population growth would be surpass arithmetic increases in food supply

The advocacy of human population planning to ensure resources and environmental integrities for current and future populations

Population change over time

Statistical Measure of the average time an organism is expected to live, based on the year of its birth, its current age, and other demographic factors

Statistical value used to measure the growth or decline of a population

The mortality rate from all causes of death for a population

The # of deaths of infants under one years old in a given year

The average # of children a woman would have assuming that current age specific birthrates remain

The difference between the # of deaths occurring in a year, divided by the mid-year population of that year, multiplied by a factor

The # of people or things that can be conveyed or held by a vehicle or container

Time that it takes for a population to double in size/value

A measure of the # of dependents aged zero to 14 and over 65

A geographic illustration that shows the distribution of various age groups (EX~ is a graph that shows the distribution of ages across a population divided down the center between male and female members of the population)

A person who has fled their home country because of war and other factors harming them or their family, enters another country and applies for asylum

Foreign Workers to temp. reside and work in a host country until a next round of workers is readily available to switch

A person whose forced to leave their home country because of war, persecution, or natural disasters;

like a refugee

A person whose forced to leave their home country in order to escape war, persecution, or a natural disaster

The social process by which migrants from particular town follow others from that town to a particular destination

A migration pattern conceptualized in 1885 by Ernst Georg Ravenstein who observed migration as occurring stage by stage as rural inhabitants move closer to urban areas of growth

Refers to the movements of refugees & internally displaced people (those displaced by conflicts within their country of origin) as well as people displaced by natural or environmental disasters, chemical or nuclear disasters, famine, or development projects

This type of migration is based on one's free will and initiative (Is a persons choice to migrate)

The movement of people from one region of country to another

The movement from one region of a country to another

Is the permanent movement within one region of a country

A process of movement & settlement across international boarders in which individuals maintain or build multiple networks of connection to their country of origin while at the same time settling in a new country

An environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that helps migration (EX~ Migratory Movement. human relocation movement from a source to a destination without a return journey, as opposed to cyclical movement.)

An environmental or cultural feature that hinders migration (EX~ mountains, forests, deserts, cities and bodies of water. Some of these barriers block the migration of some species, while they do not slow down other specie at all.)

11 "laws" in the basis for contemporary geographic migration studies

Assimilation to a different culture, typically the dominant one

The process of taking in & fully understanding information or ideas

Evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions originating in the standards and customs of one's own culture

The presence of, or support for the presence of, several distinct cultural or ethnic groups within a society

The amalgamation or attempted amalgamation of different religions, cultures, or schools of thought {EX~ Gnosticism (a religious dualistic system that incorporated elements from the Oriental mystery religions), Judaism, Christianity, and Greek religious philosophical concepts—were particularly prevalent during the Hellenistic period (c. 300 bce–c. 300 ce)}

Distance-controlled spreading of an idea through a local population by contact from person to person. {EX~ Similarly to a disease, it spreads rapidly from one source to others from person to person. Another way to think of it is like the spreading of a forest fire.}

The spread of an idea through a population where the amount of those influenced grows continuously larger

Occurs when the diffusion innovation or concept spreads from a place or person of power or high susceptibility to another in a leveled pattern

Occurs when people move from their original location to another and bring their innovations with them

Occurs when the innovative idea diffuses from its hearth outward, but the original idea is changed by the new adopters (EX~ when an idea spreads to another culture or region and is then altered or changed in order to adapt to that culture. An example of this would be Chinese porcelain, which was wildly popular in Europe but extremely difficult to transport over such long distances.)

A geographic area the includes cultural resources and natural resources associated with the interactions between nature and human behavior (EX~ Is made up of structures within the physical landscape caused by human imprint/human activities. Like the battlefields and president's house properties, buildings, artwork, churches in the U.S., Cathedrals in the U.S., etc.)

The idea that a person's beliefs, values, and practices should be understood based on that person's own culture, and not be judged against the criteria of another (EX~ refers to not judging a culture to our own standards of what is right or wrong, strange or normal)

The notion that successive societies leave their cultural imprints on a place, each contributing to the cumulative cultural landscape (EX~ Cities are good examples of this)

An attitude that unifies people and enhances support for a state (EX~ Some include a shared religion, external threats, a stable government, and a common language)

Are forces or attitudes that tend to divide a state (EX~ A shared sense of common history, a shared language, reliable national institutions, and government legitimacy)

A group of human beings distinguished by physical traits, blood types, genetic code patterns or genetically inherited characteristics

Identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth

The process in which two or more languages converge and form a new language (EX~ Used to describe languages in the Caribbean when slavery and colonization merged cultures)

The language adopted by a country's government conducting business and publishing of official government documents

This is a point of origin. And it is the areas where civilizations first began. (EX~ They radiated the customs, innovations, and ideologies that transformed the world)

A family (or phylum) of several hundred related languages and dialects (EX~ [1] including most major languages of Europe, Iran, and northern India, and historically also predominant in Anatolia and Central Asia)

A system of communication through the use of speech, a collection of sounds understood by a group of people to have the same meaning

The name given to a place on Earth (EX~ The name by which a geographical place is known; Wherever you live- like United States, North America, Atlanta, and California are all this)

A language that combines simple words from multiple languages so that people who need to understand one another, in order to conduct trade and facilitate business, are able to communicate with one another (EX~ English is regarded as this)

Diffused from India to Sri Lanka and to East and South East Asia as a result of missionary. Universalizing religions have sometimes replaced ethnic religions, such as Christianity replacing animism in Africa. (EX~ This one in particular means that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth.)

Diffused throughout the Roman Empire by relocation diffusion from its religious culture hearth, Palestine. Missionaries, such as Paul of Tarsus, traveled extensively throughout the Roman Empire. This Religion of people were being persecuted by the Roman Empire during its diffusion. (EX~ A monotheistic system of beliefs and practices based on the Old Testament and the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth as embodied in the New Testament, emphasizing the role of Jesus as savior)

Relocation diffusion is a major part of the spread of this type of religion with many Indian people moving to other parts of the worlds for land, education or a new life they have brought their religion and culture with them spreading it to new areas such as here in North America

Diffused from MEcca through military conquest across North Africa, Southern Europe, and Southwest Asia. (EX~ Traces it's origin from Abraham, the son of the first man, Adam, and his second wife (Hagar) and son (Ishmael)

Diffused by the scattering of Jews around the world after the Roman destruction of Jerusalem in 70 AD. They usually combine ethnic beliefs of tribes and local areas with animism and/or diffused religions.

Many Gurus helped this religion group diffuse since they traveled Asia as missionaries. (EX~ Relocation Diffusion) From 1469-1539 they were led by 9 human Gurus who they believe were possessed by a single spirit and received direct tongue from their God, Waheguru in the Gurmukhi language

A religion with a relatively concentrated spatial distribution whose principles are likely to be based on the physical characteristics of the particular location in which its adherents are concentrated (EX~ Judaism and Hinduism are two prime examples of this)

Religions such as Christianity, Buddhism, and Islam, all seek to convert new believers to their religions and are thereby global (or universal) in their spread. (EX~ The three main religions here are Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism. A branch is a large and fundamental division within a religion.)