Worksheets[ULIS] Pragmatics_Review for final test
Total questions: 161
Worksheet time: 2hrs 2mins
Write the term for this definition.
"It studies the factors that govern our choice of language in social interaction and the effects of our choice on others."
(a)
Write the term for this definition.
"A sequence of 2 utterances by different speakers in conversation. The second is a response to the first."
(a)
Write the term for this definition.
"A speech act in which the speaker commits himself to some future action."
(a)
Write the term for this definition.
"The linguistic environment in which a word is used."
(a)
Write the term for this definition.
"Something that logically follows from what is asserted."
(a)
Write the term for this definition.
"The communicative force of an utterance."
(a)
Find the presuppositions for this sentence:
"When did John start smoking again?"
"Both semantics and pragmatics study how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication."
True
False
"Pragmatics treats the meaning of language as something intrinsic and inherent."
True
False
"It would be impossible to give an adequate description of meaning if the context of language use was left unconsidered."
True
False
"What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning the context of use is considered."
True
False
"The major difference between a sentence and an utterance is that a sentence is not uttered while an utterance is."
True
False
"The meaning of a sentence is abstract, but context-dependent."
True
False
"The meaning of an utterance is decontextualized, therefore stable."
True
False
"Utterances always take the form of complete sentences."
True
False
"Speech act theory was originated with the British philosopher John Searle."
True
False
"Speech act theory started in the late 50‟s of the 20th century."
True
False
"Perlocutionary act is the act of expressing the speaker‟s intention."
True
False
Identify the deixis in this sentence:
"I saw her standing there."
Your answer should be:
Personal: A, B; Temporal: A, B
(a)
Identify the deixis in this sentence:
"You will have to bring it back tomorrow."
(a)
Fill in the blank:
(a) is the study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication.
Fill in the blank:
The notion of (a) is essential to the pragmatic study of language.
Fill in the blank:
(a) were statements that either state or describe, and were thus verifiable.
Fill in the blank:
A (a) act is the act of uttering words, phrases, clauses. It is the act of conveying literal meaning by means of syntax, lexicon and phonology.
Fill in the blank:
An (a) act is the act of expressing the speaker's intention; it is the act performed in saying something.
Write the term of this definition.
"It is the act performed by or resulting from saying something; it is the consequence of, or the change brought about by the utterance; it is the act performed by saying something."
(a)
You are in the middle of an open field of edible wildflowers.
You feel you are being watched. You gesture a universal sign of "I won't hurt you, unless you try to hurt me." while turning around.
Is pragmatics involved in your situation?
Which of these is NOT a feature of pragmatics?
cultural references
use of humour and irony
assumptions about audiences
implication and inference
cohesion
"make your contribution easier to be understood" is indicated as
quantity maxim
quality maxim
relevance maxim
manner maxim
Implicature?
explicit
same meaning
implicit
different meaning
Kinds of cooperative principles, except
quantity maxim
quality maxim
relevance maxim
contribution maxim
Yule (1996): Politeness strategy, expect
off record
on record
positive - negative politeness
face-threathning act
which one is the most impolite utterance?
Will you answer the phone
Can you answer the phone
Answer the phone
I want you to answer the phone
perlocution?
doing something action to describe something
doing something action in saying something
doing something action with saying something
doing something action on saying something
to try to deliver our intended messages successfully and smoothly in a coversation, we NEED...
implicature
deixis
cooperation
pronoun
the idea of COOPERATION in a conversation means that...
try not to confuse
tell the truth
be relevant
all true
The true meaning of implicature is...
tell the exact message
additional information
inference
guessing
You don't need this to make an IMPLICATURE
additional information
exact meaning
need inferences
conclusion
FOUR elements should be fulfilled when having a good conversation, EXCEPT....
quality of the content
be informative as possible
using idioms
avoid ambiguity
What is pragmatics?
The study of the relations between interpreters
The study of the words
The study of the linguistic forms
The study of the speaker meaning
Invisible Meaning means....
The use of words to refer to people, places and times was a simple matter.
What a speaker assumes is true or known by listener.
How we recognize what is meant even when it is not actually said or written.
What is the reference?
An act in which a listener or reader, uses linguistic forms to enable a persons, to identify something.
An act in which a speaker or writer, uses linguistic forms to enable a listener or reader, to identify something.
An act in which a listerner use their language for formuate new references
What is pramatics?
Is the study of how sounds are organized and used in natural languages.
The study of the practical aspects of human action and thought.
Is the grammar, structure, or order of the elements in a language statement.
Is the study of the internal structure of words and forms a core part of linguistic study today
The second part of an adjacency pair must always immediately follow the first part.
True
False
Redressive actions are realized by the use of politeness strategies.
True
False
Cross-cultural pragmatics investigates the development of pragmatic competence in second language learners.
True
False
A speech event usually consists of several speech acts.
True
False
In speech act theory, (a) are those which must be fulfilled for a speech act to be satisfactorily performed.
In speech act theory, utterances have two kinds of meaning: ________ and ________.
(a)
During conversations, listeners often use (a) to show that they are listening.
I just want to ask you if you could lend me a single sheet of paper.
Negative politeness theory
Positive politeness theory
Goodness, you‘ve cut your hair. By the way, I came to borrow some flour.
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
I’m sure you won’t mind if I borrow your computer.
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
I know that you are busy, but could you spend some time on this survey?
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Identify the type of speech act realized by this utterance.
As a mum, I am really sympathetic to your action.
(a)
Identify the type of speech act realized by this utterance.
You are innocent. (The judge said to the defendant)
(a)
Identify the type of speech act realized by this utterance.
If I were you, I’d look for another job.
(a)
Identify the type of speech act realized by this utterance.
I swear to tell the truth. (A witness said in court)
(a)
Indicate the type of presupposition and its trigger.
“Now that America’s Richest 1% is enjoying a huge rise return in its stock market, almost surpassing the wealth of middle class, they should stop pretending that the equality has been better controlled”
America’s Richest 1% is enjoying a huge rise return in its stock market.
(a)
Indicate the type of presupposition and its trigger.
“Now that America’s Richest 1% is enjoying a huge rise return in its stock market, almost surpassing the wealth of middle class, they should stop pretending that the equality has been better controlled”
America has a stock market.
(a)
Indicate the type of presupposition and its trigger.
“Now that America’s Richest 1% is enjoying a huge rise return in its stock market, almost surpassing the wealth of middle class, they should stop pretending that the equality has been better controlled”
America’s Richest 1% have been pretending that the equality has been better controlled.
(a)
Indicate the type of presupposition and its trigger.
“Now that America’s Richest 1% is enjoying a huge rise return in its stock market, almost surpassing the wealth of middle class, they should stop pretending that the equality has been better controlled”
The equality hasn’t been controlled.
(a)
Indicate the implicature and the conversational maxim involved in the following dialogue.
A: How much money do you earn a month?
B: Oh, the train is coming.
(a)
Indicate the implicature and the conversational maxim involved in the following dialogue.
A: How is your new house?
B: It’s a refrigerator in January.
(a)
Indicate the implicature and the conversational maxim involved in the following dialogue.
A: Do you think I should wear these clothes to the party?
B: The shirt is nice.
(a)
Indicate the implicature and the conversational maxim involved in the following dialogue.
A: Did John like your joke?
B: The corners of his lips turned slightly upward.
(a)
Perform the act of borrowing a pen using bald-on-record
(a)
Perform the act of borrowing a pen with deference (negative politeness) strategies
(a)
Perform the act of borrowing a pen with solidarity (positive politeness) strategies
(a)
Perform the act of borrowing a pen using off-record.
(a)
The use of a word or a group of words that refer back to another part of the text.
(a)
The use of a word or a phrase that refers forward to another word/phrase which will be used later in a text or a conversation.
(a)
Cataphoric is more common than anaphoric.
True
False
Anaphoric reference can be intrasentential or (a) .
2 types of reference are endophora and (a) .
It refers to what speakers know about the world or the background knowledge is shared by the speakers.
(a)
It refers to what has been said already in the utterance or the intonation cues.
(a)
It refers to the social relationship among speakers and hearers
(a)
The linguistic forms or expressions that refer to other things by pointing at it in conversation.
(a)
Types of deixis are (a) .
We employ (a) a lot for textual coherence or as a procedural indicator.
The choice of verb tense is a basic type of temporal deixis.
True
False
It is the relationship that holds between a word or an expression and the objects it refers to.
(a)
Two different expressions can have the same reference.
True
False
Entailment is concerned with the utterance meaning and depends on the context in which the sentence is used.
True
False
Types of entailment are: (a) .
In one-way entailment, the first sentence entails the second but not the other way round.
True
False
The foreground entailment is usually indicated by stress.
True
False
Assertion is the characteristic of all declarative sentences.
True
False
It is the assumption the speaker makes about what the hearer is likely to accept without challenge.
(a)
It is the assumption that does not have to be true and verified by the available data.
(a)
It is the assumption that claims certain entities do exist.
(a)
It is the assumption in which the information treated as a fact.
(a)
It is the use of a certain word that is interpreted with the presupposition that another meaning is understood.
(a)
It is the assumption triggered by certain sentence structures.
(a)
It is the assumption that is assumed not to be true.
(a)
It is the assumption that is not only not true, but contrary to facts.
(a)
If sentence 1 (S1) presupposes sentence 2 (S2), the negation of S1 entails S2.
True
False
If S1 entails S2, the negation of S1 entails S2.
True
False
It is the implied meaning generated intentionally.
(a)
2 types of implicature are: __________ and ____________.
(a)
Conventional implicatures develop out of grammar and literal meaning.
True
False
Conversational implicatures depend on the meaning of the words.
True
False
________ a maxim is used to covey a different meaning than what is literally spoken, or to produce a negative pragmatic effect, as with sarcasm or irony.
Flouting
Violating
It describes and performs some act simultaneously.
(a)
It makes an assertion about a particular state of affairs, but it does not simultaneously describe and perform the same act.
(a)
__________ utterance is neither true nor false.
Performative
Constative
I sentence you to death.
Constative utterance
Performative utterance
(a) is an act that a speaker performs when making an utterance.
(a) act is the saying of something which is meaningful and can be understood, is the literal meaning of the utterance.
(a) act is any speech act that is performed in saying something, the extra meaning of the utterance produced on the basis of its literal meaning.
(a) act is the act of causing a certain effect on the hearer and others, is the result or effects that are produced by means of saying something.
If communication is successful, the illocution and the perlocution are alike or nearly alike.
True
False
(a) is a speech act that has the function of getting the listener to do something (suggestion, command, request).
(a) is the speech act that changes the state of affairs in the world.
(a) is the speech act in which the speaker expresses feelings and attitudes about something (apology, thanking, complaint, congratulation)
(a) is the speech act which describes states or events in the world (assertion, claim, report).
(a) is the speech act used to establish or maintain the relationship.
Only the words in declarations can change the world.
True
False
I left my pen at home.
Indirect speech act
Direct speech act
Both
None
(a) is the public self-image of a person, which refers to the social and emotional sense of self that everyone has and expects everyone else to recognize.
(a) is the expectations concerning the public self-image.
(a) is the need to be independent, to have freedom of action and not to be imposed on by others.
(a) is the need to be accepted, even liked, by others, to be treated as a member of the same group, and to know that his/her wants are shared by others.
(a) is the use of language to carry out social actions where mutual face wants are respected.
When we use positive politeness, we use speech strategies that emphasize our deference for the hearer.
True
False
When using positive politeness, we should use informal pronunciation, shared dialect or slang expressions, nicknames, more frequent reference to speaker and hearer as "we", and less indirect request.
True
False
Politeness strategy can balance distance, power, and the weight of imposition.
True
False
Be conventionally indirect:
Could you please pass the salt?
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Question, hedge:
I don't suppose you could pass the salt.
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Be pessimistic:
You don't have any envelopes, do you?
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Minimize the imposition:
I just dropped by for a second to ask ....
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Give deference:
We very much look forward to your dining with us.
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Apologize:
I'm sorry to bother you, but...
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Impersonalize S and H:
It appears that we may have to...
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
State the FTA as a general rule:
Passengers will refrain from...
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Nominalize:
I am surprised at your failure to reply
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Go on record as incurring debt or as not indebting H
I'd be eternally grateful if you could...
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Notice, attend to H:
You must be hungry ...
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Use in-group identity markers:
Did you have a good time at the beach?
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Seek agreement and avoid disagreement:
Yes, the weather is wonderful today, isn't it?
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Presuppose or assert common ground:
Help me with this bag, luv?
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Joke:
How about lending me a few fivers?
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Offer, promise:
I'll drop by sometime next week.
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Optimistic:
I'm sure you won't mind if I ...
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Include both S and H in the activity:
Let's have a drink next week.
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Give or ask for reasons:
Why not go to the seashore?
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
Give gifts or sympathy to H:
I'm really sorry to hear about your cat.
Negative politeness strategy
Positive politeness strategy
(a) is the act when S says something that represents a threat to another individual's expectations regarding self-image.
(a) is the act when S says something to lessen the possible threat.
(a) is an effort to soften the force of the speech act, to give face to the addressee to counteract the potential face threat or damage of the FTA.
(a) is to speak indirectly with an implicature so that the H can understand and do the expected action.
(a) is the control of floor at any time.
Silence is always an indication of a dispreferred response.
True
False
Comparative studies and acquisitional studies are the subtypes of interlanguage pragmatics research.
True
False
Comparative studies deal with the learners' acquisition of pragmatics norms in the target language.
True
False
