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First semester Review

Total questions: 56

Worksheet time: 2hrs 42mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A _________ is a solid, naturally formed substance that always has the same composition and the same properties

a)

rock

b)

mineral

c)

element

d)

natural resource

2.

Why do some igneous rocks form larger crystals than others?

a)

it depends on the mineral in the rock

b)

it depends on the rate of cooling

c)

it depends on where the rock forms

3.

Which is a type of rock?

a)

sedimentary

b)

igneous

c)

metamorphic

d)

all are types of rocks

4.

What type of rock are formed under heat and pressure?

a)

igneous

b)

sedimentary

c)

metamorphic

5.
What type of rock forms from cementation and compaction close to or on earth's surface?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Igneous
6.
What type of rock forms from heat and pressure deep inside earth's surface?
a)
Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic
c)
Igneous
7.

Check all the ways that conserve natural resources.

a)

Repair a leaky hose.

b)

Leave the lights on when you're not using them.

c)

Ride a bike instead of driving a car

d)

Take shorter showers

e)

Run the dishwasher with only 2 dishes in it

8.

Karen is concerned about protecting the environment. Which of the following could she do to conserve our NONRENEWABLE resources?

a)

Turn the water off while she is brushing her teeth.

b)

Take shorter showers to use less water.

c)

Ride her bike to school instead of having her mother drive her.

d)

Leave the lights on when she is not home.

9.
Non renewable resources are
a)
Materials that are found on Earth that people use.
b)
Rock that contains metal
c)
Fuels that formed from the remains of things that lived millions of years ago
d)
Resources that cannot be replaced quickly enough to keep from running out. 
10.
Renewable resources are:
a)
Materials that are found on Earth that people use
b)
Rock that contains metal 
c)
Fuels that formed from the remains of things that lived millions of years ago.
d)
Resources that are constantly being replaced and will not run out. 
11.
Which is a Natural Resource
a)
Sunlight
b)
Computers
c)
Cars
d)
Roofs
12.
What type of erosion causes landslides
a)
wind
b)
waves
c)
water
d)
gravity
13.
The process by which rocks are broken down chemically or physically is known as:
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Transportation
14.
When wind, water, or ice leave materials in a location, this is known as:
a)
Weathering
b)
Erosion
c)
Deposition
d)
Transportation
15.
Deltas are built up by -
a)
deposition
b)
leaching
c)
abrasion
d)
erosion
16.
What kind of weathering causes the mineral composition of rocks to change?
a)
mechanical weathering
b)
permeable weathering
c)
chemical weathering
d)
physical weathering
17.
Many barrier islands such as the Outer Banks in North Carolina have developed from wave action and deposition.
a)
True
b)
False
18.

What type of boundary is this?

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

19.

What type of boundary is this?

a)

convergent

b)

transform

c)

divergent

20.

What type of boundary is this?

a)

convergent

b)

divergent

c)

transform

21.

What evidence was NOT used by Wegener as proof of continental drift?

a)

land features

b)

erosion

c)

climate

d)

fossils

22.

What is a plate boundary where both plates move away from each other?

a)

divergent

b)

plate

c)

convergent

d)

transform

23.

Any trace of an ancient organism that has been preserved in rock is called a

a)

landform

b)

continent

c)

fossil

d)

landmass

24.

According to Wegener's theory of continental drift,

a)

Earth's surface is made up of seven major landmasses

b)

the continents do not drift

c)

Earth is slowly cooling and shrinking

d)

the continents were once joined together in a single landmass and have slowly moved.

25.

What is Pangea?

a)

the name of a German scientist

b)

the name of a supercontinent that existed millions of years ago

c)

another name for continental drift

d)

the name of an ancient fossil

26.

What is the process that continually adds new crust to the ocean floor along both sides of the mid-ocean ridge?

a)

subduction

b)

continental drift

c)

convergent

d)

sea floor spreading

27.

What is a plate boundary where two plates move toward each other?

a)

transform

b)

convergent

c)

divergent

28.

What is Wegener's idea that continents are slowly moving over Earth's surface called?

a)

divergence

b)

faults

c)

plates

d)

continental drift

29.

Most geologists think that the movement of Earth's plates is caused by

a)

conduction

b)

earthquakes

c)

convection currents in the mantle

d)

Earth's magnetic field

30.
What are the 3 major types of rocks?
a)
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
b)
Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation
c)
Brown, Red, Gray
d)
Streak, Hardness, Breakage
31.

What natural force is most likely responsible for the formation of the narrow passage through the cliffs in the picture?

a)

Blowing wind eroded the soil

b)

Flowing water eroded the soil

c)

Ocean waves deposited soil

d)

Gravity moved and deposited soil

32.
The diagrams  shows a natural process that weathers rock.
 Which statement best explains why this process results in weathering?
a)
frozen water acts as a solute
b)
water expands when it freezes
c)
the mass of water increases when it freezes
d)
frozen water dissolves most types of rock
33.
A cliff formed near the ocean.  Which statement best describes how this cliff formed?
a)
Warm air melted the rock.
b)
Sun rays evaporated the rock.
c)
Ocean waves washed away rock.
d)
Plant roots pushed away the rock.
34.
The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called
a)
erosion
b)
weathering
c)
sediments
d)
deposition
35.

Ice wedging is an example of -

a)

Physical weathering

b)

Chemical weathering

c)

Both physical AND chemical weathering

36.

Topsoil is dark in color because it...

a)

undergoes a lot of chemical weathering.

b)

has a large amount of organic material.

c)

is full of dark rocks.

d)

contains a lot of worms.

37.

Factors that influence soil formation in a region include:

a)

average temperature

b)

amount of rainfall

c)

type of bedrock

d)

all of the answers are correct

38.

Horizon A is also known as...

a)

Top soil

b)

Bedrock

c)

Subsoil

d)

Organic material

39.

The B Horizon is known as

a)

Parent Rock

b)

Top soil

c)

Bedrock

d)

Subsoil

40.

The C Horizon is known as

a)

Top soil

b)

Organic material

c)

Parent Material

d)

Bedrock

41.

a dark-colored substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay

a)

soil

b)

top soil

c)

loam

d)

humus

42.

a layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above or below it

a)

soil horizons

b)

soil

c)

organic matter

d)

decomposers

43.

Convection currents in the Earth's mantle are caused by:

a)

Less dense hot magma moving downward

b)

Less dense hot magma moving upward

c)

Tectonic plate movement

d)

More dense cooler magma moving upward

44.

Name the type of heat transfer shown in the picture.

a)

convection

b)

conduction

c)

radiation

45.

Convection cycles move in the mantle. How does this affect the crust?

a)

crust has no motion

b)

crust moves in random directions

c)

crust moves in same direction convection cycle moves

46.

Convection currents occur due to...

a)

rotation of earth

b)

differences in temperature and density

c)

electrons moving

d)

gravitational pull

47.

Which of the following is one reason Earth's tectonic plates to move?

a)

energy from the Sun

b)

magnetic Pole Reversal

c)

convection currents in the mantle

d)

faults in Mountain Ranges

48.
When molten  material is heated in the mantle it becomes
a)
more dense
b)
less dense 
49.
When molten  material is cooled in the mantle it becomes
a)
more dense
b)
less dense 
50.

Part of a gemstone's value is based on the way it shines in reflected light. The way a mineral reflects light is described as the mineral's

a)

streak

b)

color

c)

luster

d)

fracture

51.
What is the color of a mineral in powdered form called?
a)
Gas
b)
Fracture
c)
Streak
d)
Liquid
52.
What occurs when minerals break unevenly along curved or irregular surfaces?
a)
Luster
b)
Fracture
c)
Cleavage
d)
Streak
53.
A naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a crystalline structure is a
a)
Sulfide
b)
Sulfate
c)
Mineral
d)
Element
54.
Which mineral property is being shown here?
a)
luster
b)
hardness
c)
streak
55.
The least useful property when identifying minerals is
a)
Streak
b)
Luster
c)
Color
56.

Which of the following properties of minerals is described with the Mohs scale?

a)

luster

b)

fracture

c)

fluorescence

d)

hardness

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