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2nd Semester review (waves, universe, nuclear)

Total questions: 57

Worksheet time: 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
Mechanical waves are created when a source of energy causes a medium to...
a)
Move
b)
Expand
c)
Vibrate
d)
Compress
2.
Waves that move the particles of the medium parallel to the direction in which the waves are traveling are called
a)
Surface Waves
b)
Combination Waves
c)
Longitudinal Waves
d)
Transverse Waves
3.
The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave is the wave’s
a)
Wavelength
b)
Frequency
c)
Amplitude
d)
Speed
4.
The speed of a wave is its wavelength multiplied by its
a)
Vibration
b)
Frequency
c)
Amplitude
d)
Reflection
5.
Why do you see lightning from a distant storm before you hear thunder?
a)
Your eyes react faster than your ears
b)
Light travels faster than sound
c)
The thunder is produced after the lightening
6.
In transverse waves, the particles of the medium move at right angles to the direction in which the wave is traveling
a)
True
b)
False(Longitudinal)
7.
Waves that require a medium through which to travel are called
electromagnetic waves.
a)
True
b)
False(Mechanical)
8.
How can you measure the wavelength of a transverse wave?
a)
crest to crest
b)
amplitude (height of the wave)
c)
frequency of the wave in a given time
d)
Speed
9.
What kind of galaxy is this?
a)
Elliptical
b)
Irregular
c)
Spiral
d)
Solar
10.
What kind of galaxy is this?
a)
Elliptical
b)
Spiral
c)
Irregular
d)
Solar
11.
All matter and energy makes up only _____ of our Universe.
a)
4%
b)
23%
c)
73%
d)
100%
12.
The Universe is...
a)
A collection of stars, solar systems, and planets.  Usually around a black hole.
b)
The space and all the things in it that we have seen.
c)
The space and all the things in it that we have seen and have yet to see.
d)
only the observable stuff in space.
13.

What kinds of stars can form planetary nebulae?

a)

Average stars

b)

Massive stars

c)

Neutron stars

d)

Supergiant stars

14.
If you start out with 100 grams of a radioisotope, how much remains after 2 half-lives?
a)
100 grams
b)
75 grams
c)
50 grams
d)
25 grams
15.
What fuel does the US typically use in fission reactors?
a)
Hydrogen
b)
Carbon
c)
Uranium
d)
Plutonium
16.
The least penetrating form of radiation is...
a)
alpha
b)
beta
c)
gamma
d)
neutron
17.
What applies to controlled nuclear reactions?
a)
they take place in nuclear reactors
b)
they are always fusion
c)
they produce no radioisotopes
d)
they are characteristic of bombs
18.
A nuclear reaction where a nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei is... 
a)
Fission
b)
Fusion
c)
Gamma decay
d)
Beta decay
19.
Two or more nuclei combine to form one larger nucleus in the process of nuclear _____.
a)
Fusion
b)
Fission
c)
Tracing
d)
Decay
20.
The time needed for half of a radioactive sample to decay is called its __________.
a)
decay period
b)
period
c)
transmutation time
d)
half-life
21.
True or false: most of the radiation people get each year is man made.
a)
True
b)
Fase
22.
Which type of radiation has the greatest penetrating power?
a)
Alpha
b)
Beta
c)
Gamma 
d)
Microwaves
23.
In fission neutron is often used to start the reaction and it is also a product of the reaction. This is called a ____
a)
neutron emission
b)
nuclear fusion
c)
domino effect
d)
chain reaction
24.
Which wave has the greatest amplitude?
a)
The blue wave
b)
The red wave
25.
Which type of electromagnetic radiation is the reason we need sunglasses and sunscreen to avoid getting a sunburn?
a)
X-rays
b)
Gamma Rays
c)
Ultraviolet waves
d)
Infrared waves
26.

Which is correctly matched?

a)

1 - Wavelength

b)

2 - Crest

c)

3- Compression

d)

4 - Trough

27.
The number of waves that passes a point in a certain amount of time.
a)
Amplitude
b)
Frequency
c)
Wavelength
d)
Magnitude 
28.
For Kathy to see the image, light must have entered her eyes. What specifically entered Kathy's eyes? 
a)
Only energy
b)
Only matter
c)
Matter and energy 
d)
Neither 
29.
A substance or material that carries a wave.
a)
Medium
b)
Amplitude
c)
Crest
d)
Mechanical Wave
30.
What types of material does sound not travel well through? 
a)
Solids
b)
Plasma
c)
Gases
d)
Liquids
31.
What is the top of a wave called?
a)
Crest
b)
Trough
c)
Amplitude
d)
Wavelength
32.
What is the bottom of a wave called?
a)
Crest
b)
Trough
c)
Amplitude
d)
Wavelength
33.
The distance between on crest/trough and the other crest/trough is called?
a)
Wavelength
b)
Amplitude
c)
Wave Speed
d)
Frequency
34.

In the Milky Way where would you find our solar system?

a)

in the center

b)

near the center

c)

one of the spiral arms

d)

on the outside edge

35.

All space and the matter space contains

a)

galaxy

b)

astronomy

c)

orbit

d)

universe

36.

A large grouping of stars, planets, gas, and dust in space held together by gravity

a)

galaxy

b)

solar system

c)

astronomy

d)

astronomer

37.
What are the the 3 types of galaxies?
a)
Spiral Galaxies, Regular Galaxies, and Lliptical Galaxies
b)
Spiral Galaxies, Irregular Galaxies, and Elliptical Galaxies
c)
 Milky Way, Elliptical Galaxies, and Spiral Galaxies
d)
Milky Way, Elliptical Galaxies, and Irregular Galaxies
38.
What type of galaxy is this?
a)
Spiral
b)
Elliptical
c)
Irregular
d)
Irrational
39.
What type of galaxy is this?
a)
Spiral
b)
Elliptical
c)
Irregular 
d)
Irrational
40.
Place these objects in order from smallest to largest.
a)
Planets, solar system, universe, galaxy
b)
Solar system, planets, galaxy, universe
c)
Planets, solar system, galaxy, universe
d)
Galaxy, solar system, planets, universe
41.
A galaxy is a large collection of stars, gas and dust. What is responsible for holding the stars, gas, and dust together in a galaxy?
a)
heat
b)
light
c)
gravity
d)
friction
42.
The Milky Way galaxy is an example of an irregular galaxy
a)
true
b)
false
43.

What is a nebula?

a)

A collection of gas and dust.

b)

A belt of asteroids.

c)

A perimeter of orbital objects of varying size.

44.

What is our Sun, when comparing to other stars?

a)

Average

b)

Bigger

c)

Smaller

d)

Brighter

45.

What is our Galaxy called?

a)

The Musketeers Galaxy

b)

The Black Eyed Galaxy

c)

Red Shift Seven Galaxy

d)

Milky Way Galaxy

46.

What is the SHAPE of our galaxy?

a)

Elliptical

b)

Spiral

c)

Irregular

d)

Regular

47.
The three types of nuclear radiation in increasing order of penetrating power are ____.  
a)
  alpha, beta, gamma 
b)
X ray, beta, gamma
c)
alpha, gamma, beta 
d)
X ray, gamma, beta 
48.
The process by which nuclei having low masses are united to form nuclei with larger masses is ____.  
a)
a chain reaction 
b)
fission
c)
a chemical reaction 
d)
fusion 
49.
For which of the following problems would a scientist most likely use carbon-14? 
a)
to calculate the age of the Earth's oldest rocks
b)
to calculate the age of a piece of bone 
c)
to identify the elements that make up a rock 
d)
to identify the elements that make up a bone
50.
The diagram shows the path of radioactive rays, S and T. Which of the following shows the type of ray S and ray T?
a)
ray S= alpha.  ray T=beta
b)
ray S= alpha   ray T=gamma
c)
ray S= beta.    ray T=gamma
d)
ray S= gamma.  ray T= beta
51.

What percentage of Rubidium-87 will remain after 4 half-lives?

a)

25%

b)

12.5%

c)

6.25%

d)

3.125%

52.

The half-life of strontium-90 is 25 years. How much will remain after 100 years if the initial amount is 4.0 g?

a)

3.0 g

b)

0.25 mg

c)

0.3 g

d)

6.25 g

53.

What is likely to happen to unstable nuclei with too many, or too few, neutrons?

a)

They will decay by emitting radiation.

b)

They will loose all their electrons.

c)

They will bond with other atoms.

54.

What could an unstable nucleus emit?

a)

Alpha, gamma, beta, and sometimes a neutron.

b)

Alpha, beta, gamma, and sometimes delta

c)

Alpha, beta, delta, and sometimes gamma

55.

What percentage of the original isotope is left after 2 half-lives?

a)

100%

b)

75%

c)

50%

d)

25%

56.

After how many half-lives would you only have 12.5% of the original isotope left?

a)

1

b)

2

c)

3

d)

4

57.

The half-life of a substance is 6000 years. How long would it take until only half of the substance is left?

a)

3000

b)

6000

c)

9000

d)

12000

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