How does a stem cell become a specialized cell for the Integumentary System?

(a)  

When a baby is born, its skin is covered in (a)   , a white cheese-like substance produced by glands that protect the skin during fetal development.

(a)   produces simple columnar epithelium, keratinocytes, which constantly pushes up to the surface. As the columnar cells push up, they are squashed by the cells above them into cuboidal and eventually squamous resulting in a layer of stratified squamous epithelium near the top surface of the epidermis.

Toughened and flattened cells of (a)   , corneocytes, eventually break down and slough off.

As a child, our hair is known as (a)   which is pale and fine.

Puberty initiates the change from vellus to (a)   in response to androgens (male hormones).

Why is profuse sweating on a hot day good, and yet a potential problem?

(a)  

In women, both the ovaries and adrenal glands normally produce small amounts of androgens (male hormones). Excessive hairiness, or hirsutism, as well as other signs of masculinization, may result from an adrenal gland or ovarian tumor that secretes abnormally large amounts of androgene. How does this condition create excessive hair growth? What is a potential solution?

(a)  

We are told that every surface we touch is teeming with bacteria, and bacteria are found in the pools we swim in, the water we wash with, and on the hands of friends. Why are we not inundated with bacterial infections on our skin?

(a)  

Hair thinning can be induced by a number of factors: acutely high fever, surgery, severe emotional trauma, certain drugs (vitamin A, antidepressants, blood thinners, anabolic steroids, chemotherapy drugs), protein-deficient diets and lactation. Explain how.

(a)  

The temperature yesterday was an uncomfortable 98 degrees Fahrenheit. You unwisely chose to play tennis at noon, counting on your body’s internal defenses to protect you against heat exhaustion. How did your body respond to this distress?

(a)  

A patient with severe 3rd degree burns has progressed to the point of skin death. The skin is blackened and burnt away, in some parts, and without sensation. The damage has extended beyond the skin and into the underlying tissue. What are the 2 biggest problems with this patient’s health that result from the 3rd degree burn?

(a)  

This chemical structure of the skeletal system is often confused with providing the strength and resilience of our bones when in reality, it is constantly moving in and out of our bones for use in other areas of our body. Its chemical structure does not contribute to the strength of bone.

(a)  

This chemical family is responsible for the strength of bones.

(a)