For years, scholars argued that cultivation and animal domestication were invented in one or two locations on Earth and then diffused from those centers of innovation.

Wegner portrayed his grand concept of continental movement is a series of maps showing the breakup of Pangaea and the movement of various continents to their present-day locations.

It was these conditions that allowed an elite to emerge, probably as an organizing class, and to sustain itself through the control of surplus crops.

Uruk, for instance, had two patron gods – Anu, the god of the sky and sovereign of all other gods, and Inanna, a goddess of love and war – and there were others, patrons of different cities.

Still, extreme temperatures, in combination with other factors, may have dramatic detrimental effects.

The final stage of forest development, the climax or old growth stage, is characterized by a species composition that in theory can continue to replace itself unless a catastrophic disturbance occurs.

Provincial police began to appear, along with district officers and cattle registration and land deeds and registration for compulsory military service.

Wildman and Niles make a summary comment: “Perhaps the most important thing we learned is the idea of teacher-as-reflective-practitioner will not happen simply because it is a good or even compelling idea.”

The impulse to produce more food to feed a growing population was satisfied in some areas by the development of more-complex subsistence strategies involving intensive labor and requiring more cooperation and greater coordination among the increasing numbers of people.

It is interesting that temperate seagrass beds accumulate sediments from sources outside the beds, whereas tropical seagrass beds derive most of their sediments from within.

Buildings contribute to human life when they provide shelter, enrich space, complement their site, suit the climate, and are economically feasible.

The question perplexed people for years, until, in the 1950’s, a German scientist named

Gustave Kramer provided some answers and, in the process, raised new questions.

The study found that the pioneers _______博得,贏得;擁有,掌握an average market share of 29 percent, while the followers achieved less than half that only 13 percent – even though their product might have been better.

At the peak of the Greek city-state, religion played an important part. Its gods—such as Zeus, father of the gods, and his wife Hera— were thought of very much as being like human beings but with superhuman abilities.

Do they increase their effort or slack off? Researcher Bibb Latané used the term “social loafing” to refer to the phenomenon of a person exerting less effort to achieve a goal when they work in a group than they work alone.

Which three possible reasons for American ________優勢；支配（地位） of the film industry are given in the text?

Open publication had dangers in putting into the public ________ preliminary ideas which had not yet been fully exploited by their author.

The Arab-Venetian __________ of the trade貿易的優勢 finally ended in 1512, when the Portuguese reached the Banda Islands and began exploiting its precious resources

There was only one obstacle to Dutch ________荷蘭統治.

Genetic analysis shows they constantly upgrade these fungi by developing new __________新的物種.