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Worksheets4.03 Ecosystems
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 14mins
The study of population dynamics focuses on changes to population ____ and ______ within a given ecosystem.
diversity, population
size, makeup
size, hierarchy
What do ecologists do to understand the population dynamics of a particular area?
Investigate which populations are growing or declining (1)
Hypothesize how these changes affect the ecosystem made up by those organisms (2)
Investigate which organisms are dying in a population (1)
Hypothesize how these changes affect the community of organisms in their ecosystem (2)
Migration is the ________ of organisms from one ecosystem to another
stationary changes
movement
communication
race
Immigration is the movement of organisms...
to paradise
to a new area
out of an area
out of a new area
Emigration is the movement of organisms...
to a new area
out of an area
out of a new area
Emigration does not exist within the scope of ecology
How does Migration affect population size?
Immigration causes an increase in population size
Emigration causes an increase in population size
Emigration causes a decrease in population size
Immigration causes a decrease in population size
How do Births affect population size?
Natural rate of reproduction, ratio fo males to females, and the health of reproducing species impacts birthrate.
More births decrease population size
Natural rate of reproduction, ratio fo predators to prey, and the health of reproducing species impacts birthrate.
If more deaths occur than births, then the population will decrease, and vice versa
A carrying capacity is the threshold of _________ and maximum number of _______ that can survive in an ecosystem
resources, species
males, females
trophic levels, resources
Biological surplus is when there are more _________ in a __________ than an ecosystem can contain
organisms, ecosystem
organisms, species
organisms, community
organisms, population
Ecologists determine carrying capacity by tracking populations over a ____________.
Long period of time
Short period of time
Annual period
Monthly period
Growth slows as food becomes ____ _________.
more available
available
less available
The size of a population increases quickly while food and habitat are abundant, but growth will slow as food becomes less available. The population stabilizes when the number of. births equals the number of deaths and the population growth slows to zero.
This describes....
Peak phenomena
K-selection
Sigmoid pattern
r-selection
Food resources guide population growth, but the natural tendencies that manage population size, like birth and death rates, don't stabilize the population. It booms when resources are readily available and then busts when resources run out. The mortality rate of the population leaves too few to reproduce.
This describes....
r-selection
Peak phenomena
K-selection
Sigmoid pattern
An open system is a system where both _______ and ______ are freely exchanged between the ecosystem and surroundings.
matter and thermal energy
matter and energy
carbon based compounds
renewable and non renewable resources
Limiting factors...
are biotic and abiotic factors that influence population growth
are biotic factors within an ecosystem that influence population growth
control population growth and decline, and over long periods of time, the carrying capacity of an ecosystem
successions can change the composition and development of entire __________ in drastic ways
communities
habitats
ecosystems
sections of the biosphere
The progression of growth that develops on newly formed land or surfaces.
Rocks --> lichen --> grass --> shrub --> small tree --> large tree
Secondary succession
Tertiary succession
Primary succession
succession
The redevelopment of a habitat that has been disturbed by an event such as a forest fire or hurricane. Ecosystems in (???) succession progress to climax communities at a faster rate.
- resets ecosystems and promotes population regrowth
Secondary succession
Climax community
Primary succession
Tertiary succession
An organism's role in. its ecosystem, or function/job in its community. May relate to an organism's trophic position on a food chain or the space it occupies in a habitat. Mostly relates to the way one species promotes the continued survival of another in its ecosystem.
adaptation
niche
predation
commensalism
Predation describes a relationship in which ___ ____ ____ ______.
one organism kills and eats another
sone species benefits from the pairing
both species benefit from an alliance
one species benefits from the pairing while the other suffers
Commensalism describes a ________ relationship between species where only one organism benefits from the pairing.
predatory
symbiotic
commensalic
parasitic
Mutualism describes a symbiotic relationship in which ...
both species benefit from the alliance
one species benefits from the alliance
neither benefit from the alliance
One organism lives on or in another and causes disease in the host, or possibly its death
mutualism
parasitism
commensalism
symbiosis
Invasive species is a _________ species that interferes with the established niches of an ecosystem.
non native
unfamiliar
native
parasitic
Invasive species can....
help food chains
disrupt food chains
bring disease
alter the genetics of adapted organisms when they reproduce with closely related species and create hybrids.
