Based on the information from the passage, which of these combinations would be most likely to result in a driveway backover?

This article suggests that a person who becomes dangerously overheated faces which danger?

Based on information from the article, which group would MOST likely be advocates for the thermometer pill?

According to this passage, Dr. Du Bois supported the women's suffrage movement. What does suffrage mean?

What is central idea?

This is what you look for when trying to determine the central/main idea.

These connect directly back to the central/main idea.

What is the central idea of this paragraph?

Habit 2, Begin with the End in Mind, means developing a clear picture of where you want to go with your life. It means deciding what your values are and setting goals. Habit 1 says you are the driver of your life, not the passenger. Habit 2 says, since you’re the driver, decide where you want to go and draw up a map to get there.

What is the main idea of the following text?

The paths you choose today can shape you forever. It’s both frightening and exciting that we have to make so many vital decisions when we’re so young and full of hormones, but such is life. Imagine an eighty-foot rope stretched out before you. Each foot represents one year of your life. Teenagehood is only seven years, such a short span of rope, but those seven affect the remaining sixty-one, for good or bad, in such a powerful way.

Find the central idea

Being a clown isn't all fun and games. Rodeo clowns expose themselves to great danger every time they perform. When cowboys dismount or are bucked off of bulls at riding competitions, rodeo clowns jump in front of the bulls and motion wildly to get their attention. In this way rodeo clowns provide an alternate target, and in doing so protect the rider. So you see, sometimes clowning around can be serious business

Most people think that gorillas are mean, but actually they are shy. It seems that such a huge animal with very large teeth would be aggressive. Hollywood movies help convey this image of the scary, ferocious gorilla. In fact, gorillas only attack if they are provoked.

This author belives that:

Do you ever wonder how you taste things? You owe your sense of taste to your taste buds. We have 9,000 taste buds just on the tongue alone. There are also taste buds on the roof of your mouth. You even have taste buds on the back of your throat.

What does the author want you to learn about the passage?

Soccer players learn many skills when playing soccer. Soccer players learn how to dribble and pass the ball. They also learn how to control the ball so they can eventually score. Most importantly, soccer players learn how to work together with their teammates.

What is the central idea?

An objective summary

To summarize ask yourself:

Identify the "Central Idea" part in the paragraph below:

The article “Take a Stand” by Jean Lewis describes Rosa Park’s feelings on the day that she was arrested. When Rosa refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white man, she was arrested. Neither old nor tired as some assume, forty-two year old Rosa was simply fed up with the way she had been treated.

What does "objective" mean?

1. Which phrase has a positive connotation?

2. Which phrase has a negative connotation?

3. Which phrase has a negative connotation?

4. Which phrase has a positive connotation?

4. Which phrase has a positive connotation?

5. Connotation is a word's ___________.

6. Referring to someone's house as a "shack" would have a __________ connotation.

How the author organizes the text is....

How the author organizes the text is....

Did you know that not all deserts are

hot? Both hot and cold deserts are very

dry, but unlike hot deserts, cold deserts have long

winters when the temperatures can reach below

freezing. Cold deserts also get a great deal of

snow, which is certainly not true for hot deserts.

No one knows exactly what causes tornados, but some scientists believe that when warm air meets cold air, a tornado may form. The reason for this is that the warm air is lighter than the cold air, so it rises up fast and meets different winds moving different directions. Under the right conditions, this can cause a tornado. Though there is still much mystery surrounding tornados, many people believe that when warm moist air meets cool dry air, tornados can result.

The dodo bird used to roam in large flocks across America. Interestingly, the dodo wasn’t startled by gun shot. Because of this, frontiersmen would kill entire flocks in one sitting. Unable to sustain these attacks, the dodo was hunted to extinction.

This morning was crazy. My alarm clock was set for PM instead of AM, so I woke up really late. I just threw on some clothes and ran out the door. I rode my bike as fast as I could and thought that I was going to be late for sure, but when I got there everyone was outside and there were firetrucks all lined up in front of school. I guess somebody pulled the fire alarm before class started. It worked out though, because nobody really noticed or minded that I was tardy.

Apples and oranges are both fruits, which means that they have seeds inside of them. Each has a skin, but orange skins are thick and easy to peel. Apple skins are thinner and do not peel easily. Oranges also contain more acid than apples, but both fruits are delicious.

The author's purpose is why they are writing a text.

One reason an author writes is to

Another reason an author writes is to

The last reason an author writes is to

When we read an INFORMational text, we are reading to learn something new...

What is the author informing us about?

How can we identify the author's purpose for writing something?

What is another way to ask this question? "WHAT IS THE AUTHOR'S PURPOSE?"

How to Make Chocolate

Chocolate can come in a variety of forms, including powders, syrups, and bars. The total consumption of chocolate worldwide is estimated to be over 7.2 million tons every year. The process of making chocolate to meet all of this demand is quite intensive.

Preparation
The first step in making chocolate is to harvest cacao beans. Cacao beans are the seeds of the cacao fruit, which grows in tropical regions near the equator. Once the cacao pods are collected, they are split open, and the beans are scooped out from a white pulp. The beans and the pulp are then put into large wooden containers to ferment for a few days. After that, the beans are removed from the containers and spread out to dry in the sun. Once they are completely dry, the beans are ready to be shipped to chocolate makers around the world.

After receiving the cacao beans, a chocolate maker will clean them by removing any leftover pulp, pod parts, or dust. Cleaned of any debris, the beans are now ready to move onto the next step in the process: roasting. The beans are roasted in large rotating cylinders anywhere from half an hour to two hours at around 250°F. It is during roasting that the beans are further dried and darkened. The characteristic chocolate flavor and scent also begin to develop during this time.

With the roasting complete, the beans now have thin shells around them that will be cracked open and removed. This process is called winnowing, which is done through a combination of mechanical sieves and fans. Without the shell, pieces of pure cacao beans, known as nibs, are left behind. The nibs can be eaten on their own, but they are more likely to be used to make other chocolate products.

Chocolate Products
Next, the extracted cacao nibs are ground to a paste with heavy stone rollers. This paste is called cocoa mass or cocoa liquor. The cocoa liquor is then put into hydraulic presses, and intense pressure is applied. This removes the fat, called cocoa butter, from the liquor. What is left of the cocoa liquor is crushed into cocoa powder, which can be used in cooking and baking. The extracted cocoa butter will be used in candy and other products.

To make the sweet chocolate that people are most familiar with, cocoa liquor, cocoa butter, milk, sugar, and other ingredients are blended together to make a paste-like mixture. At this point, there is a sweet taste, but the texture is still gritty. To get a smoother consistency, the mixture is added to large machines called conches, which have steel rollers that further mix and add in air to the chocolate. This process can take a few hours to a few days to complete. The chocolate is then tempered by raising and lowering the temperature to form crystals before being poured into candy molds.

Some words in the passage above are bolded and underlined. What purpose does this feature serve in the text?

How to Make Chocolate

Chocolate can come in a variety of forms, including powders, syrups, and bars. The total consumption of chocolate worldwide is estimated to be over 7.2 million tons every year. The process of making chocolate to meet all of this demand is quite intensive.

Preparation

The first step in making chocolate is to harvest cacao beans. Cacao beans are the seeds of the cacao fruit, which grows in tropical regions near the equator. Once the cacao pods are collected, they are split open, and the beans are scooped out from a white pulp. The beans and the pulp are then put into large wooden containers to ferment for a few days. After that, the beans are removed from the containers and spread out to dry in the sun. Once they are completely dry, the beans are ready to be shipped to chocolate makers around the world.

After receiving the cacao beans, a chocolate maker will clean them by removing any leftover pulp, pod parts, or dust. Cleaned of any debris, the beans are now ready to move onto the next step in the process: roasting. The beans are roasted in large rotating cylinders anywhere from half an hour to two hours at around 250°F. It is during roasting that the beans are further dried and darkened. The characteristic chocolate flavor and scent also begin to develop during this time.

With the roasting complete, the beans now have thin shells around them that will be cracked open and removed. This process is called winnowing, which is done through a combination of mechanical sieves and fans. Without the shell, pieces of pure cacao beans, known as nibs, are left behind. The nibs can be eaten on their own, but they are more likely to be used to make other chocolate products.

Chocolate Products

Next, the extracted cacao nibs are ground to a paste with heavy stone rollers. This paste is called cocoa mass or cocoa liquor. The cocoa liquor is then put into hydraulic presses, and intense pressure is applied. This removes the fat, called cocoa butter, from the liquor. What is left of the cocoa liquor is crushed into cocoa powder, which can be used in cooking and baking. The extracted cocoa butter will be used in candy and other products.

To make the sweet chocolate that people are most familiar with, cocoa liquor, cocoa butter, milk, sugar, and other ingredients are blended together to make a paste-like mixture. At this point, there is a sweet taste, but the texture is still gritty. To get a smoother consistency, the mixture is added to large machines called conches, which have steel rollers that further mix and add in air to the chocolate. This process can take a few hours to a few days to complete. The chocolate is then tempered by raising and lowering the temperature to form crystals before being poured into candy molds.

The passage above uses a sequential structure. How does this structure contribute to the author's purpose?

How to Make Chocolate

Chocolate can come in a variety of forms, including powders, syrups, and bars. The total consumption of chocolate worldwide is estimated to be over 7.2 million tons every year. The process of making chocolate to meet all of this demand is quite intensive.

Preparation

The first step in making chocolate is to harvest cacao beans. Cacao beans are the seeds of the cacao fruit, which grows in tropical regions near the equator. Once the cacao pods are collected, they are split open, and the beans are scooped out from a white pulp. The beans and the pulp are then put into large wooden containers to ferment for a few days. After that, the beans are removed from the containers and spread out to dry in the sun. Once they are completely dry, the beans are ready to be shipped to chocolate makers around the world.

After receiving the cacao beans, a chocolate maker will clean them by removing any leftover pulp, pod parts, or dust. Cleaned of any debris, the beans are now ready to move onto the next step in the process: roasting. The beans are roasted in large rotating cylinders anywhere from half an hour to two hours at around 250°F. It is during roasting that the beans are further dried and darkened. The characteristic chocolate flavor and scent also begin to develop during this time.

With the roasting complete, the beans now have thin shells around them that will be cracked open and removed. This process is called winnowing, which is done through a combination of mechanical sieves and fans. Without the shell, pieces of pure cacao beans, known as nibs, are left behind. The nibs can be eaten on their own, but they are more likely to be used to make other chocolate products.

Chocolate Products

Next, the extracted cacao nibs are ground to a paste with heavy stone rollers. This paste is called cocoa mass or cocoa liquor. The cocoa liquor is then put into hydraulic presses, and intense pressure is applied. This removes the fat, called cocoa butter, from the liquor. What is left of the cocoa liquor is crushed into cocoa powder, which can be used in cooking and baking. The extracted cocoa butter will be used in candy and other products.

To make the sweet chocolate that people are most familiar with, cocoa liquor, cocoa butter, milk, sugar, and other ingredients are blended together to make a paste-like mixture. At this point, there is a sweet taste, but the texture is still gritty. To get a smoother consistency, the mixture is added to large machines called conches, which have steel rollers that further mix and add in air to the chocolate. This process can take a few hours to a few days to complete. The chocolate is then tempered by raising and lowering the temperature to form crystals before being poured into candy molds.

What is the author's message in the passage above?

How to Make Chocolate

Chocolate can come in a variety of forms, including powders, syrups, and bars. The total consumption of chocolate worldwide is estimated to be over 7.2 million tons every year. The process of making chocolate to meet all of this demand is quite intensive.

Preparation

The first step in making chocolate is to harvest cacao beans. Cacao beans are the seeds of the cacao fruit, which grows in tropical regions near the equator. Once the cacao pods are collected, they are split open, and the beans are scooped out from a white pulp. The beans and the pulp are then put into large wooden containers to ferment for a few days. After that, the beans are removed from the containers and spread out to dry in the sun. Once they are completely dry, the beans are ready to be shipped to chocolate makers around the world.

After receiving the cacao beans, a chocolate maker will clean them by removing any leftover pulp, pod parts, or dust. Cleaned of any debris, the beans are now ready to move onto the next step in the process: roasting. The beans are roasted in large rotating cylinders anywhere from half an hour to two hours at around 250°F. It is during roasting that the beans are further dried and darkened. The characteristic chocolate flavor and scent also begin to develop during this time.

With the roasting complete, the beans now have thin shells around them that will be cracked open and removed. This process is called winnowing, which is done through a combination of mechanical sieves and fans. Without the shell, pieces of pure cacao beans, known as nibs, are left behind. The nibs can be eaten on their own, but they are more likely to be used to make other chocolate products.

Chocolate Products

Next, the extracted cacao nibs are ground to a paste with heavy stone rollers. This paste is called cocoa mass or cocoa liquor. The cocoa liquor is then put into hydraulic presses, and intense pressure is applied. This removes the fat, called cocoa butter, from the liquor. What is left of the cocoa liquor is crushed into cocoa powder, which can be used in cooking and baking. The extracted cocoa butter will be used in candy and other products.

To make the sweet chocolate that people are most familiar with, cocoa liquor, cocoa butter, milk, sugar, and other ingredients are blended together to make a paste-like mixture. At this point, there is a sweet taste, but the texture is still gritty. To get a smoother consistency, the mixture is added to large machines called conches, which have steel rollers that further mix and add in air to the chocolate. This process can take a few hours to a few days to complete. The chocolate is then tempered by raising and lowering the temperature to form crystals before being poured into candy molds.

What is the author's purpose in the text above?

A Rocket Adventure

When she finally reached the wing where the new outer space exhibit was, Leonora rushed eagerly to the main attraction, a life-size rocket that visitors could explore. It was still early in the day, so there wasn't anyone else at the exhibit.

Inside the rocket was a cockpit with control buttons that seemed to cover almost every available surface. At the front of the cockpit was a large blank screen and a few chairs. Excited, Leonora rushed to sit in the captain’s seat. Straightening her back, she imagined being an astronaut sent off on a mission to a far-off planet. She pushed as many buttons on the control panel as possible, making up their uses as she went along.

Glancing up, Leonora spied a row of bright red switches above her head. A sign beside them read, “Please do not touch.” Leonora looked back at the entrance to the rocket. She was alone in here, and it didn't seem like anyone was coming in any time soon. Mind made up, she climbed up on the captain’s seat and flipped one of the switches.

Suddenly, the entrance to the rocket slammed shut behind her, and the walls began to shake like an earthquake! Startled, Leonora nearly fell over and scrambled back into a sitting position. The screen in front of her, which had been blank, flashed, “Fasten Seatbelts." She obeyed as quickly as possible.

The rocket continued to shake, and Leonora thought she felt it lifting off from the ground. She didn't know what was happening, but she hung on to the arms of the captain's chair as tightly as possible. After what felt like an eternity, the rocket finally stopped.

Leonora went to peek out of the windows on the sides of the rocket, expecting to see angry museum guards. Much to her surprise, she didn't see the museum at all. Outside the window was Earth surrounded by the darkness of space.

Her mouth dropped open in shock. Was she actually in outer space now? The screen at the front of the rocket beeped, and Leonora looked over to see the words "Beginning Orbit of Earth" before the rocket started moving again. She watched in awe as the rocket began to circle around the planet.

When the orbit was finished, the screen instructed Leonora to fasten her seatbelt again before it started shaking. She sat through the return in a state of barely contained excitement. She couldn't wait to tell her parents about her adventure!

When the rocket was still again, the entrance opened with a hiss, and Leonora rushed out to find her parents. She was probably in a mountain of trouble, but it was worth it for what she had experienced.

What is the author's purpose in the passage above?

A Rocket Adventure

When she finally reached the wing where the new outer space exhibit was, Leonora rushed eagerly to the main attraction, a life-size rocket that visitors could explore. It was still early in the day, so there wasn't anyone else at the exhibit.

Inside the rocket was a cockpit with control buttons that seemed to cover almost every available surface. At the front of the cockpit was a large blank screen and a few chairs. Excited, Leonora rushed to sit in the captain’s seat. Straightening her back, she imagined being an astronaut sent off on a mission to a far-off planet. She pushed as many buttons on the control panel as possible, making up their uses as she went along.

Glancing up, Leonora spied a row of bright red switches above her head. A sign beside them read, “Please do not touch.” Leonora looked back at the entrance to the rocket. She was alone in here, and it didn't seem like anyone was coming in any time soon. Mind made up, she climbed up on the captain’s seat and flipped one of the switches.

Suddenly, the entrance to the rocket slammed shut behind her, and the walls began to shake like an earthquake! Startled, Leonora nearly fell over and scrambled back into a sitting position. The screen in front of her, which had been blank, flashed, “Fasten Seatbelts." She obeyed as quickly as possible.

The rocket continued to shake, and Leonora thought she felt it lifting off from the ground. She didn't know what was happening, but she hung on to the arms of the captain's chair as tightly as possible. After what felt like an eternity, the rocket finally stopped.

Leonora went to peek out of the windows on the sides of the rocket, expecting to see angry museum guards. Much to her surprise, she didn't see the museum at all. Outside the window was Earth surrounded by the darkness of space.

Her mouth dropped open in shock. Was she actually in outer space now? The screen at the front of the rocket beeped, and Leonora looked over to see the words "Beginning Orbit of Earth" before the rocket started moving again. She watched in awe as the rocket began to circle around the planet.

When the orbit was finished, the screen instructed Leonora to fasten her seatbelt again before it started shaking. She sat through the return in a state of barely contained excitement. She couldn't wait to tell her parents about her adventure!

When the rocket was still again, the entrance opened with a hiss, and Leonora rushed out to find her parents. She was probably in a mountain of trouble, but it was worth it for what she had experienced.

The passage above has a narrative structure that is told in chronological order. How does the structure of the passage contribute to the author's purpose?

I wonder who invented putting water into plastic bottles? Water bottles are disposable which means that they can be thrown away. Landfills are overflowing with garbage because people are too lazy to fill a reusable cup with water. Recycling has been set up, but many people do not recycle all of the water bottles that they use. The earth is being polluted with all the used water bottles.

What is the author's perspective?

"Recess is a great thing to have at school! It gives students a break where they can move around. They are able to eat a snack and breathe fresh air. Maybe a longer recess should be considered!"

The author's view point about recess is that...

What does the word perspective mean?

What is the author's point of view here...

"Many people eat fast food, especially when they are in a hurry. However, fast food is unhealthy. Many restaurants fry their food in grease, and do not offer fresh food on their menu."

"Some people are afraid of bees, but without these helpful insects, we would not have many of our favorite flowers and fruits. Bees come to the plant to drink the nectar, and pollen on the plant sticks to the bee's feet. Bees leave some of the pollen on the next plant that they land on. This helps to make new plants."

What is the author's viewpoint about bees?

The discovery of a wild coyote in late 1997 in the Henry M. Jackson Federal Building in downtown Seattle should come as a wake-up call. The United States has a serious coyote problem! From their traditional enclaves in the western desert, these opportunistic canines have now invaded the entire continental United States. They have taken over parks, farms, vacant lots, and now perhaps the downtown areas of major cities. Homeowners report losing cats and dogs to the beasts, and young children are under attack. Enough is enough. Since humans are the only natural enemy of coyotes, we demand that state and federal agencies institute coyote trapping programs. That is the only way to decrease the number of coyotes to a manageable level.

WHAT IS THE AUTHOR'S POINT OF VIEW?

Many cities have aquariums that have adopted orphaned (abandoned) dolphins found in the ocean. Many of these dolphins were wounded (hurt) and would not have survived alone. Because of the kindness of humans, these animals are alive today. What is the author's viewpoint on peoples' relationship with dolphins?

The statement that the writer is trying to prove

The statements supporting the claim telling why

Credible proof that supports the reasons

The following is an example of a claim: Ice cream is the best dessert on the planet

The following is an logical example of a reason to support that Ice cream is the best dessert on the planet: Ice cream melts faster than any other dessert

Michael woke up with a start. Someone was banging at the front door. Heavy footsteps clomped over the bare boards of the hallway. A shouting of voices. Jacko's familiar growl, then the front door slammed shut. Michael shivered and pulled the thin blanket closer around his shoulders. Through the cracked glass of the curtainless window, the sky looked gray and dirty. A groan from the other mattress told him that Toby was awake as well.

With whom is Michael Living?

Many breeds of dogs are used for work. In many cultures dogs are used to herd sheep. The dogs keep the flock from being attacked by animals such as wolves. They also keep sheep from wandering off. Sheepdogs are known for their loyalty and gentleness.

Based on your reading of the text, you can INFER that:

Macey's mom noticed that she was squinting as she read her book, which was only a few inches away from her face. She scheduled a doctor's appointment for the next week, and when the doctor said Macey needed glasses, she tried on every single pair in the office. After spending an hour looking at glasses, mom suggested that perhaps she should sleep on it and come back and decide in the morning. Macey agreed, but she kept talking about the pros and cons of each pair all night long.

What can you infer about Macey?