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WorksheetsTCI: U1, L3: The Legacy of the Roman Empire
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 50mins
For how many years was Rome the capital of the greatest empire the world had ever seen?
200 years
300 years
400 years
500 years
What connected the 50 million people of the Roman Empire besides roads?
Roman religion
Roman law, customs, and military might
Roman art and architecture
Roman language and writing
At its height, around 200 C.E., which regions did the Roman Empire span?
From northern Africa to the Scottish border, from Spain to Syria
From Egypt to Greece, from Italy to Germany
From Persia to India, from China to Japan
From South America to North America, from Europe to Asia
What was the state of the Roman world during its height around 200 C.E.?
Chaotic and war-torn
Peaceful and prosperous
Isolated and underdeveloped
Divided and unstable
By what year had the western half of the Roman Empire collapsed?
200 C.E.
300 C.E.
400 C.E.
500 C.E.
What marks the end of the ancient world and the beginning of the Middle Ages according to historians?
The rise of the Byzantine Empire
The fall of Rome
The discovery of America
The invention of the printing press
(a) are aspects of Roman culture that still affect us today.
Who was the first emperor of Rome who ended 100 years of civil war?
Julius Caesar
Nero
Caesar Augustus
Caligula
What year did the western half of the Roman Empire collapse?
14 C.E.
500 C.E.
300 C.E.
100 C.E.
What was one of the main problems that led to the fall of the Roman Empire?
Overpopulation
Political instability
Natural disasters
Lack of resources
What was a significant economic problem that contributed to the fall of the Roman Empire?
Lack of trade routes
Heavy taxes
Overproduction of goods
Lack of currency
What was a social problem that plagued the Roman Empire?
Overpopulation
Decline in the spirit of citizenship
Lack of education
Overabundance of food
What was a final problem that weakened the Roman Empire's frontiers?
Natural disasters
Overpopulation
Weakening frontiers
Lack of resources
What significant action did Emperor Constantine take in 330 C.E.?
He expanded the Roman Empire to Asia.
He moved the capital to Byzantium and renamed it New Rome.
He declared war on the Germanic tribes.
He divided the empire into three parts.
What was the new name given to Byzantium by Emperor Constantine?
Rome
Carthage
Constantinople
Alexandria
What is the modern name of the city that was once called Constantinople?
Rome
Istanbul
Athens
Cairo
Which group threatened the Roman Empire and attacked Rome in 410 C.E.?
The Huns
The Vandals
The Germanic tribes
The Persians
What happened to the western half of the Roman Empire after 476?
It expanded further into Europe.
It was united with the eastern half.
It began to dissolve into separate kingdoms.
It was conquered by the Persians.
Match the following empires with their descriptions after the fall of Rome in the west.
Byzantine Empire
The eastern continuation of the Roman Empire
Ottoman Empire
An empire that succeeded the Byzantine Empire in the 15th century
Holy Roman Empire
A multi-ethnic complex of territories in Central Europe
Persian Empire
An ancient empire located in modern-day Iran
What is the term used by historians to describe the blend of Greek and Roman art?
Hellenistic Art
Greco-Roman Art
Renaissance Art
Baroque Art
What type of art were the Romans particularly good at making?
Abstract paintings
Lifelike busts and statues
Modern sculptures
Digital art
A fresco is (a)
Match the following descriptions with their corresponding terms:
A type of mosaic
Tesserae
A painting on moist plaster
Fresco
A carved decoration showing a portrait or scene
Cameo
A highly decorative bottle of blown glass
Murano glass
Match the following periods with their significant events:
The Middle Ages
Period of Roman art rediscovery
The Renaissance
Period of great cultural and artistic revival
The Industrial Revolution
Period marked by major industrial advancements
The Enlightenment
Period known for intellectual and philosophical developments
Who painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome?
Leonardo da Vinci
Raphael
Michelangelo
Donatello
What scenes are depicted on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?
Scenes from Greek mythology
Scenes from the Bible
Scenes from Roman history
Scenes from the Renaissance
(a) is the city in the United States that has statues that reflect a strong Roman influence.
What architectural elements did the Romans learn to use to build huge structures?
The column, the beam, and the truss
The arch, the vault, and the dome
The pillar, the lintel, and the gable
The spire, the buttress, and the gargoyle
What is a vault in Roman architecture?
A type of column
A type of wall
An arch used for a ceiling or to support a ceiling or roof
A type of floor
Match the following materials with the Roman architectural structures they were primarily used to build.
Marble
Used for decorative columns and sculptures in Roman temples
Wood
Used for temporary scaffolding and some early bridges
Concrete
Used to build large arches and domes like the Pantheon
Brick
Used for constructing walls and aqueducts
What is the Pantheon in Rome famous for?
Its tall spire
Its large dome
Its intricate mosaics
Its underground tunnels
The new kind of structure that the Romans invented that could seat thousands of spectators was the (a)
What is an example of a modern structure that uses Roman architectural influence?
The Eiffel Tower
The Capitol building in Washington, D.C.
The Sydney Opera House
The Great Wall of China
Match the following Roman innovations with their examples:
Aqueducts
Pont du Gard
Triumphal arch
Arc de Triomphe
Roman roads
Appian Way
Roman baths
Baths of Caracalla
The Romans used (a) to build their roads.
What was the purpose of Roman aqueducts?
To transport soldiers
To bring water to cities
To serve as roads
To store food
What language did the Romans leave as a legacy that was used by scholars and the Roman Catholic Church?
Greek
Latin
Hebrew
Arabic
Match the following medieval roles with the language they commonly used to create important documents.
Farmers
Created important documents in Latin
Scribes
Worked the land and rarely used Latin
Merchants
Traded goods and used local languages
Soldiers
Fought in wars and used commands, not Latin documents
Which modern European languages developed from Latin?
Italian, Spanish, French
German, Dutch, English
Russian, Polish, Czech
Greek, Turkish, Arabic
How many letters are there in the Latin alphabet?
23
24
25
26
From which Roman ruler did the calendar we use today originate?
Julius Caesar
Augustus Caesar
Nero
Marcus Aurelius
The Latin word "October" means (a)
What is the meaning of the Latin prefix "pre-"?
In front of
After
Around
Under
What is the Latin root word for "manual" and "manipulate"?
Manus
Manere
Mandare
Manum
What does the U.S. motto "E pluribus unum" mean?
Out of many, one
In God we trust
Liberty and justice for all
United we stand
Which Roman numeral represents the number 50?
L
X
V
C
What school of thought was especially popular in Rome and adopted by many upper-class Romans?
Epicureanism
Stoicism
Cynicism
Skepticism
Match each belief with what the Stoics thought it ruled.
Human intelligence
What humans use to reason
Divine (godly) intelligence
What rules all of nature according to Stoics
Animal instincts
What drives animal behavior
Natural forces
What causes physical phenomena
What did Roman Stoics prize over personal comfort?
Wealth and luxury
Duty and the welfare of their community
Fame and recognition
Knowledge and wisdom
What areas of daily life did Roman law cover?
Marriages, inheritances, and contracts
Education, healthcare, and employment
Trade, agriculture, and transportation
Religion, art, and entertainment
What did the Romans believe about justice?
It was a concept created by the government
It was a universal law that came from nature
It was only applicable to the rich
It was a flexible concept that could change
What did Roman courts often fail to do?
Make laws
Treat rich and poor people the same way
Enforce contracts
Protect property rights
What is one legacy of Roman law and justice mentioned in the text?
The concept of natural law and natural rights
The development of modern technology
The creation of the first universities
The invention of the printing press
What did it mean to be a "Roman" when Rome first began expanding its power in Italy?
To be a citizen of the city-state of Rome
To be a soldier in the Roman army
To be a member of the Roman Senate
To be a wealthy landowner
What is one way that Roman citizenship has influenced modern-day United States citizenship?
Citizens are required to serve in the military.
Citizens must obey the law and have the same basic rights.
Citizens are required to pay a special tax.
Citizens must participate in public forums.
Which of the following is a lasting influence of Roman art and architecture?
The use of skyscrapers in modern cities.
The design of arches, domes, and vaults in buildings.
The development of abstract painting.
The construction of wooden houses.
Many modern languages, including English, French, and Spanish, developed from (a) .
(a) has influenced the law codes and government structures of many nations today.
What challenge did Rome face as it expanded its territories?
Lack of resources
Difficulty in maintaining control over the land
Frequent natural disasters
Shortage of military personnel
Who had control over the entire Roman Empire and its army once Augustus became emperor?
The Senate
The wealthy elites
Augustus
The magistrates
What was the role of the Senate after the transition between the republic and the empire?
They had no power at all.
They controlled the entire empire.
They controlled certain areas of land called provinces.
They were responsible for military training.
Who administered the provinces of the Roman Empire?
The emperor
Local governments
The Senate
The army
What was a requirement to become a magistrate in the Roman Empire?
Being a member of the army
Being a wealthy citizen
Being elected by the Senate
Being appointed by the emperor
What changes did Augustus make to the Roman army?
He increased the number of legions.
He allowed men to volunteer for short periods.
He reduced the number of legions and improved training and equipment.
He disbanded the army.
Romans traditionally achieved citizenship through (a)
What was one way wealthy Roman citizens could influence the rule of law?
By voting
Through travel and bribery
By joining the military
By becoming magistrates
What was a common way for men in conquered territories to try to achieve Roman citizenship?
By becoming wealthy landowners
By joining the Roman military
By purchasing it
By marrying Roman citizens
Gaius Gracchus proposed granting full citizenship to allies in the Italian Peninsula because he was concerned about (a)
What was a consequence for wealthy landowners in newly acquired provinces under Roman rule?
They were granted full citizenship with the right to vote
They were not allowed to own land
They were granted citizenship without the right to vote
They were required to join the military
What was one of the main reasons Augustus believed the Roman Empire had become weak?
Lack of military strength
Loss of cultural values
Economic instability
Poor leadership
How did Augustus use the promise of citizenship to maintain control over the empire?
By granting citizenship to all conquered people
By offering citizenship to those who joined the army
By giving citizenship to wealthy individuals only
By making citizenship hereditary
One of the purposes of the laws Augustus instituted in the Roman Empire was to (a) .
Which group of people was allowed to pay less in taxes according to Augustus' laws?
Single men over the age of 38
Married individuals without children
Those with larger families
Children of Roman citizens
What restriction did Augustus place on religious worship in the Roman Empire?
Only Roman gods could be worshipped officially
All religions were banned
Only Christians could worship freely
Worship was allowed only in private
(a) wrote the epic poem "The Aeneid".
According to Virgil, who eventually built Rome?
The Greeks
The Trojans
The descendants of Aeneas
The Carthaginians
What is the main theme of the excerpt from "The Aeneid" provided in the text?
The beauty of nature
The power and accomplishments of Roman heroes
The importance of love and friendship
The struggles of daily life
What is one reason given in the text for why we should study history?
To learn about the future
To understand important people, dates, and events of the past
To memorize facts and figures
To become famous
What does the text suggest is an important way of thinking about the world?
Forgetting the past
Ignoring historical events
Studying history
Focusing only on the present
What is one reason why knowing your own past is important?
It helps you make good decisions about what to do next.
It makes you feel lonely and lost.
It prevents you from watching TV.
It stops you from making friends.
How does history help us make sense of the world?
By providing a memory of communities, peoples, and nations.
By making us forget the past.
By focusing only on the future.
By ignoring past events.
What is the term used when one event appears to be related to another, but does not always cause the other?
Correlation
Cause and effect
Sequence
Memory
What do historians use to understand the past?
Old letters, diaries, photographs
Future predictions
Fictional stories
Modern technology only
What is one example given in the text to explain the concept of cause and effect?
Getting a high score on a test because of studying a lot.
Eating toast for breakfast.
Watching TV news.
Writing in a diary.
What do historians argue about according to the text?
The future events
The listing of facts
The interpretation of facts
The creation of new facts
Match each reason with why different people might have different versions of the same life story.
They all remember the same events
Everyone recalls identical experiences
They include different events and perspectives
People focus on unique experiences and viewpoints
They all agree on what is important
There is consensus on what matters most
They have no personal biases
No one is influenced by their own opinions
What is the term used when historians identify patterns in facts to understand how people and societies change and remain the same?
Historical argument
Historical continuity
Historical evidence
Historical facts
What might lead historians to challenge old interpretations?
New evidence
Old documents
Personal opinions
Historical continuity
What do historians need to do to make sense of the past?
Ignore the evidence
Create new facts
Weigh the available evidence and figure out the facts
Only list the facts
What should you consider when reading history to understand it better?
All of the above
What kinds of evidence does the author use?
Is the evidence reliable?
When was it written?
Who wrote the document?
Who proposed the idea that Earth and the other planets travel around the sun?
Ptolemy
Copernicus
Galileo
Newton
What did most people believe about the universe in Copernicus's time?
The sun was the center of the universe.
The Earth was the center of the universe.
The moon was the center of the universe.
The stars were the center of the universe.
Match the following astronomers with the model of the universe they described.
Copernicus
Described a heliocentric model with the Sun at the center
Galileo
Supported the heliocentric model with telescopic observations
Ptolemy
Described a geocentric model with Earth at the center in the second century C.E.
Newton
Formulated the law of universal gravitation
Why did Copernicus think Ptolemy's account of the universe was overly complicated?
It did not explain the motions of the planets.
It was too simple.
It did not include the sun.
It was based on incorrect observations.
Who were the followers of Islam mentioned in the text?
Christians
Jews
Muslims
Hindus
What did Muslim scholars preserve that was significant to the learning in western Europe?
Ancient texts, including the works of Ptolemy
Modern scientific theories
Greek mythology
Roman architecture
Who was the Muslim scholar mentioned in the text that may have inspired Copernicus?
Al-Khwarizmi
Ibn al-Shatir
Avicenna
Al-Farabi
In which century did Ibn al-Shatir write about the problems in Ptolemy's theory?
12th century
13th century
14th century
15th century
One of the arguments made by historians about Copernicus's ideas is that they were influenced by (a)
What is the logical argument mentioned in the text regarding the similarity between Copernicus's work and that of Ibn al-Shatir?
It is a coincidence.
It is likely that Copernicus learned from Ibn al-Shatir's work.
It is likely that Ibn al-Shatir learned from Copernicus's work.
It is likely that both learned from Greek mythology.
