Rapidly eliminated by the kidneys and liver, with a circulating half-life of 5 minutes

Measures fetal heart rate response to a standardized oxytocin infusion and provides information about placental circulatory reserve

Toxicity

- Fetal distress

- Placental abruption

- Uterine rupture

Toxicity

• Bolus injections can cause hypotension

- To avoid hypotension, administer IV as dilute solutions in controlled rate

• Antagonist of the oxytocin receptor

• Tocolytic (treatment of preterm labor)

- Used to inhibit uncomplicated premature labor between 24 and 33 weeks of gestation

• Treatment of choice for pituitary diabetes insipidus

• Released by the posterior pituitary in response to rising plasma tonicity or falling blood pressure

• Has antidiuretic properties

• Deficiency in hormone results in diabetes insipidus

• Administered IV or IM

• Half-life: 15 minutes

• Renal and hepatic metabolism via reduction of disulfide bond and peptide cleavage

• For the treatment of Diabetes Insipidus and Nocturnal Enuresis

• Used as treatment of coagulopathy in hemophilia A and von Willebrand Disease

• Can be administered IV, subcutaneous, intranasally or orally

• Half-life = 1.5-2.5 hours

Toxicity

Rare

• Headache

• Nausea

• Abdominal cramps

• Agitation

• Allergic reaction

• Over-dosage: hyponatremia, seizure

• Contraindicated to patients with CHF

• Can cause vasoconstriction and should be used cautiously in patients with coronary artery disease

• Vasopressin antagonist

• Has high affinity for both V1a and V2 receptors

• Approved for the treatment of hyponatremia

• Vasopressin antagonist

• 30-fold higher affinity for V2 > V1 receptors

• Approved for the treatment of hyponatremia and CHF

• 30-fold higher affinity for V2 > V1 receptors

• Treatment duration is limited to 30 days due to risk of hepatotoxicity