an African American religious folk song

a work stoppage by employees as a protest against an employer

an extreme shortage of food

a device that used electric signals to send messages

farmer who owns a small farm

the ability to read and write

plantation manager

laws in a Southern state that controlled enslaved people

person opposed to immigration

an unfair opinion not based on facts

group of workers with the same trade or skill

measure of how much a worker can produce with a given amount of time and effort

the trade of enslaved people among states of the United States

ship with sleek hulls and tall sails that "clipped" time from long journeys

a system of cooperation to aid and house enslaved people who had escaped

unfair treatment