The largest meat-eating animal in the world is the brown bear that lives in Alaska. “Brownie”, as this bear is called, will always keep away from people. But, be careful if it is wounded with a gun or the mother bear and her cubs are shocked. Some hunters claim the brown bear can outfight a tiger.

A grown brownie may be up to nine feet tall. It may weigh over 1,600 pounds. But home when the brown bear is born, it weighs less than one pound. If you grew at the same rate, you would weigh almost 10,000 pounds when you were fully grown!

Which statement is NOT TRUE according to the text?

The largest meat-eating animal in the world is the brown bear that lives in Alaska. “Brownie”, as this bear is called, will always keep away from people. But, be careful if it is wounded with a gun or the mother bear and her cubs are shocked. Some hunters claim the brown bear can outfight a tiger.

A grown brownie may be up to nine feet tall. It may weigh over 1,600 pounds. But home when the brown bear is born, it weighs less than one pound. If you grew at the same rate, you would weigh almost 10,000 pounds when you were fully grown!

“But if it is wounded with a gun or if the mother bear and her cubs are shocked,…” (line 3)

What does the underlined word mean?

DINOSAURS

Dinosaurs were a type of lizards. They lived from about 230 million to about 65 million years ago. In 1842, Sir Richard Owen created the word dinosaur. It came from Greek words deinos, meaning “terrible” and sauros, meaning “lizard”. Dinosaurs lived on earth for about 140 million years.

During the dinosaurian era, the days were short. The sun was not as hot as it is today. On earth there was only one big continent and one big ocean. The name of the continent was pangea (all lands) and the name of the ocean was panthallassa (all seas).

There were many kinds of dinosaurs. Some of them were very big and some others were small. Some dinosaurs ate leaves and some others ate meat. Some dinosaurs could fly.

What happened to dinosaurs? Dinosaurs became extinct because there was a large comet hitting the earth. The comet caused fire and it killed the trees. Dinosaurs could not eat because there were no trees on earth and finally they died and became extinct.

What were the days like during the dinosaurian era?

DINOSAURS

Dinosaurs were a type of lizards. They lived from about 230 million to about 65 million years ago. In 1842, Sir Richard Owen created the word dinosaur. It came from Greek words deinos, meaning “terrible” and sauros, meaning “lizard”. Dinosaurs lived on earth for about 140 million years.

During the dinosaurian era, the days were short. The sun was not as hot as it is today. On earth there was only one big continent and one big ocean. The name of the continent was pangea (all lands) and the name of the ocean was panthallassa (all seas).

There were many kinds of dinosaurs. Some of them were very big and some others were small. Some dinosaurs ate leaves and some others ate meat. Some dinosaurs could fly.

What happened to dinosaurs? Dinosaurs became extinct because there was a large comet hitting the earth. The comet caused fire and it killed the trees. Dinosaurs could not eat because there were no trees on earth and finally they died and became extinct.

What is the main idea of paragraph 3?

DINOSAURS

Dinosaurs were a type of lizards. They lived from about 230 million to about 65 million years ago. In 1842, Sir Richard Owen created the word dinosaur. It came from Greek words deinos, meaning “terrible” and sauros, meaning “lizard”. Dinosaurs lived on earth for about 140 million years.

During the dinosaurian era, the days were short. The sun was not as hot as it is today. On earth there was only one big continent and one big ocean. The name of the continent was pangea (all lands) and the name of the ocean was panthallassa (all seas).

There were many kinds of dinosaurs. Some of them were very big and some others were small. Some dinosaurs ate leaves and some others ate meat. Some dinosaurs could fly.

What happened to dinosaurs? Dinosaurs became extinct because there was a large comet hitting the earth. The comet caused fire and it killed the trees. Dinosaurs could not eat because there were no trees on earth and finally they died and became extinct.

The writer wrote the text …

Whales are the largest animals on the earth. Bigger than elephants, they may grow 95 feet long, and weigh 150 tons. A baby blue whale, just born, can be 23 feet long and weigh 3 tons.

Although whales live in the oceans and swim like fish, they are not fish. They are mammals, like cows and elephants. Unlike fish they bear young alive, not as eggs. Their babies live on their mother’s milk. They breathe through their lungs and hold their breath when they go under water. If they cannot come to the surface to breathe fresh air, they will drown. They are warm blooded. Fish, however, lay eggs, breathe oxygen in the water, and are cold-blooded.

Whales life in all-the ocean, in the winter some of them go to warm waters to breed and in the summer most of them go to cold waters to feed. There are to kinds of whales, whales with teeth (tooted whales) and whales without teeth (baleen whales). The toothed whales eat fish and squid, which they can catch with their teeth, although they swallow their food without chewing it. The baleen whales eat plankton (small sea animals and plants). When they find plankton, they open their mouth and swallow the plankton.

Whales have few enemies. Only human and killer whale attack whales. And whales do not seem to fight among themselves. They usually live from 20 to 30 years.

What is the main idea of the second paragraph?

Whales are the largest animals on the earth. Bigger than elephants, they may grow 95 feet long, and weigh 150 tons. A baby blue whale, just born, can be 23 feet long and weigh 3 tons.

Although whales live in the oceans and swim like fish, they are not fish. They are mammals, like cows and elephants. Unlike fish they bear young alive, not as eggs. Their babies live on their mother’s milk. They breathe through their lungs and hold their breath when they go under water. If they cannot come to the surface to breathe fresh air, they will drown. They are warm blooded. Fish, however, lay eggs, breathe oxygen in the water, and are cold-blooded.

Whales life in all-the ocean, in the winter some of them go to warm waters to breed and in the summer most of them go to cold waters to feed. There are to kinds of whales, whales with teeth (tooted whales) and whales without teeth (baleen whales). The toothed whales eat fish and squid, which they can catch with their teeth, although they swallow their food without chewing it. The baleen whales eat plankton (small sea animals and plants). When they find plankton, they open their mouth and swallow the plankton.

Whales have few enemies. Only human and killer whale attack whales. And whales do not seem to fight among themselves. They usually live from 20 to 30 years.

Whales occasionally live in warm waters…

Mangrove Trees

A mangrove is a tropical maritime tree or shrub of the genus Rhizophora. Mangroves have special aerial roots and salt-filtering tap roots that enable them to thrive in brackish water (brackish water is salty, but not as salty as sea water).

There are several species of mangrove tress found all over the world. Some prefer more salinity, while others like to be very close to a large fresh water source (such as a river). Some prefer areas that are sheltered from waves. Some species have their roots covered with sea water every day during high tide. Others are more sensitive to salinity, and grow closer to the shore. Other species grow on dry land, but are still part of the ecosystem.

Mangrove need to keep their trunk and leaves above the water line. Yet they also need to be firmly attached to the ground so they are not moved by waves. There are three types of mangrove roots that help in this process.

Support roots which directly pierce the soil.

Level-growing roots which twist upward and downwards, with the upward twists emerging on the water surface.

Level-growing roots whose downward twists (sub-roots) appear on the water surface.

Any part of a root that appears above the water line channels oxygen to the plant below the water line. Over time as soil begins to build up, these roots produce additional roots that become embedded in the soil.

What is a mangrove tree?

Mangrove Trees

A mangrove is a tropical maritime tree or shrub of the genus Rhizophora. Mangroves have special aerial roots and salt-filtering tap roots that enable them to thrive in brackish water (brackish water is salty, but not as salty as sea water).

There are several species of mangrove tress found all over the world. Some prefer more salinity, while others like to be very close to a large fresh water source (such as a river). Some prefer areas that are sheltered from waves. Some species have their roots covered with sea water every day during high tide. Others are more sensitive to salinity, and grow closer to the shore. Other species grow on dry land, but are still part of the ecosystem.

Mangrove need to keep their trunk and leaves above the water line. Yet they also need to be firmly attached to the ground so they are not moved by waves. There are three types of mangrove roots that help in this process.

Support roots which directly pierce the soil.

Level-growing roots which twist upward and downwards, with the upward twists emerging on the water surface.

Level-growing roots whose downward twists (sub-roots) appear on the water surface.

Any part of a root that appears above the water line channels oxygen to the plant below the water line. Over time as soil begins to build up, these roots produce additional roots that become embedded in the soil.

What makes mangroves able to thrive in brackish water? Because

Mangrove Trees

A mangrove is a tropical maritime tree or shrub of the genus Rhizophora. Mangroves have special aerial roots and salt-filtering tap roots that enable them to thrive in brackish water (brackish water is salty, but not as salty as sea water).

There are several species of mangrove tress found all over the world. Some prefer more salinity, while others like to be very close to a large fresh water source (such as a river). Some prefer areas that are sheltered from waves. Some species have their roots covered with sea water every day during high tide. Others are more sensitive to salinity, and grow closer to the shore. Other species grow on dry land, but are still part of the ecosystem.

Mangrove need to keep their trunk and leaves above the water line. Yet they also need to be firmly attached to the ground so they are not moved by waves. There are three types of mangrove roots that help in this process.

Support roots which directly pierce the soil.

Level-growing roots which twist upward and downwards, with the upward twists emerging on the water surface.

Level-growing roots whose downward twists (sub-roots) appear on the water surface.

Any part of a root that appears above the water line channels oxygen to the plant below the water line. Over time as soil begins to build up, these roots produce additional roots that become embedded in the soil.

What can you say about brackish water?

Mangrove Trees

A mangrove is a tropical maritime tree or shrub of the genus Rhizophora. Mangroves have special aerial roots and salt-filtering tap roots that enable them to thrive in brackish water (brackish water is salty, but not as salty as sea water).

There are several species of mangrove tress found all over the world. Some prefer more salinity, while others like to be very close to a large fresh water source (such as a river). Some prefer areas that are sheltered from waves. Some species have their roots covered with sea water every day during high tide. Others are more sensitive to salinity, and grow closer to the shore. Other species grow on dry land, but are still part of the ecosystem.

Mangrove need to keep their trunk and leaves above the water line. Yet they also need to be firmly attached to the ground so they are not moved by waves. There are three types of mangrove roots that help in this process.

Support roots which directly pierce the soil.

Level-growing roots which twist upward and downwards, with the upward twists emerging on the water surface.

Level-growing roots whose downward twists (sub-roots) appear on the water surface.

Any part of a root that appears above the water line channels oxygen to the plant below the water line. Over time as soil begins to build up, these roots produce additional roots that become embedded in the soil.

Why do mangroves need to be firmly attached to the ground? so

Mangrove Trees

A mangrove is a tropical maritime tree or shrub of the genus Rhizophora. Mangroves have special aerial roots and salt-filtering tap roots that enable them to thrive in brackish water (brackish water is salty, but not as salty as sea water).

There are several species of mangrove tress found all over the world. Some prefer more salinity, while others like to be very close to a large fresh water source (such as a river). Some prefer areas that are sheltered from waves. Some species have their roots covered with sea water every day during high tide. Others are more sensitive to salinity, and grow closer to the shore. Other species grow on dry land, but are still part of the ecosystem.

Mangrove need to keep their trunk and leaves above the water line. Yet they also need to be firmly attached to the ground so they are not moved by waves. There are three types of mangrove roots that help in this process.

Support roots which directly pierce the soil.

Level-growing roots which twist upward and downwards, with the upward twists emerging on the water surface.

Level-growing roots whose downward twists (sub-roots) appear on the water surface.

Any part of a root that appears above the water line channels oxygen to the plant below the water line. Over time as soil begins to build up, these roots produce additional roots that become embedded in the soil.

What is the generic structure of the text?

The Sumatran elephant’s habitat is in Sumatra, Indonesia. The average male elephant reaches eight feet high and weighs up to six tons. A baby elephant can weigh up to one ton. The males are always larger than the females. They are massive creatures.

Elephants have a trunk, two tusks, two eyes, two ears and two lumps on their head. They are known to be clever animals. When an elephant is hot, they fan themselves by flapping their ears back and forth. When an elephant herd wants to move they use their ears as a guide. Their hearing range is very large. Elephants hear some noises that cannot be heard by a human ear.

Sumatran elephants have enough strength to knock down a tree. They can also pick up a log using just their trunk and their tusks. Their trunk is their nose. They also use it like a hand. Just below their trunk they have their tusks. Only male Sumatran elephants have tusks. A baby elephant is called a calf; the females are called cows.

How do elephants guide each other to move in a direction?

The Sumatran elephant’s habitat is in Sumatra, Indonesia. The average male elephant reaches eight feet high and weighs up to six tons. A baby elephant can weigh up to one ton. The males are always larger than the females. They are massive creatures.

Elephants have a trunk, two tusks, two eyes, two ears and two lumps on their head. They are known to be clever animals. When an elephant is hot, they fan themselves by flapping their ears back and forth. When an elephant herd wants to move they use their ears as a guide. Their hearing range is very large. Elephants hear some noises that cannot be heard by a human ear.

Sumatran elephants have enough strength to knock down a tree. They can also pick up a log using just their trunk and their tusks. Their trunk is their nose. They also use it like a hand. Just below their trunk they have their tusks. Only male Sumatran elephants have tusks. A baby elephant is called a calf; the females are called cows.

What do elephants use to pick up a log?

The Sumatran elephant’s habitat is in Sumatra, Indonesia. The average male elephant reaches eight feet high and weighs up to six tons. A baby elephant can weigh up to one ton. The males are always larger than the females. They are massive creatures.

Elephants have a trunk, two tusks, two eyes, two ears and two lumps on their head. They are known to be clever animals. When an elephant is hot, they fan themselves by flapping their ears back and forth. When an elephant herd wants to move they use their ears as a guide. Their hearing range is very large. Elephants hear some noises that cannot be heard by a human ear.

Sumatran elephants have enough strength to knock down a tree. They can also pick up a log using just their trunk and their tusks. Their trunk is their nose. They also use it like a hand. Just below their trunk they have their tusks. Only male Sumatran elephants have tusks. A baby elephant is called a calf; the females are called cows.

What do you call a baby elephant?

The Sumatran elephant’s habitat is in Sumatra, Indonesia. The average male elephant reaches eight feet high and weighs up to six tons. A baby elephant can weigh up to one ton. The males are always larger than the females. They are massive creatures.

Elephants have a trunk, two tusks, two eyes, two ears and two lumps on their head. They are known to be clever animals. When an elephant is hot, they fan themselves by flapping their ears back and forth. When an elephant herd wants to move they use their ears as a guide. Their hearing range is very large. Elephants hear some noises that cannot be heard by a human ear.

Sumatran elephants have enough strength to knock down a tree. They can also pick up a log using just their trunk and their tusks. Their trunk is their nose. They also use it like a hand. Just below their trunk they have their tusks. Only male Sumatran elephants have tusks. A baby elephant is called a calf; the females are called cows.

Where do you find the tusks?

The Sumatran elephant’s habitat is in Sumatra, Indonesia. The average male elephant reaches eight feet high and weighs up to six tons. A baby elephant can weigh up to one ton. The males are always larger than the females. They are massive creatures.

Elephants have a trunk, two tusks, two eyes, two ears and two lumps on their head. They are known to be clever animals. When an elephant is hot, they fan themselves by flapping their ears back and forth. When an elephant herd wants to move they use their ears as a guide. Their hearing range is very large. Elephants hear some noises that cannot be heard by a human ear.

Sumatran elephants have enough strength to knock down a tree. They can also pick up a log using just their trunk and their tusks. Their trunk is their nose. They also use it like a hand. Just below their trunk they have their tusks. Only male Sumatran elephants have tusks. A baby elephant is called a calf; the females are called cows.

What is the best tittle of the text above?

A tsunami is a series of ocean waves that sends surges of water, sometimes reaching heights of over 100 feet (30.5 meters), onto land. These walls of water can cause widespread destruction when they crash ashore.

These awe-inspiring waves are typically caused by large, undersea earthquakes at tectonic plate boundaries. When the ocean floor at a plate boundary rises or falls suddenly, it displaces the water above it and launches the rolling waves that will become a tsunami.

Most tsunami, about 80 percent, happen within the Pacific Ocean's "Ring of Fire," a geologically active area where tectonic shifts make volcanoes and earthquakes common.

Tsunamis may also be caused by underwater landslides or volcanic eruptions. They may even be launched, as they frequently were in Earth's ancient past, by the impact of a large meteorite plunging into an ocean.

Tsunamis race across the sea at up to 500 miles (805 kilometers) an hour — about as fast as a jet airplane. At that pace they can cross the entire expanse of the Pacific Ocean in less than a day. And their long wavelengths mean they lose very little energy along the way.

A tsunami's trough, the low point beneath the wave's crest, often reaches shore first. When it does, it produces a vacuum effect that sucks coastal water seaward and exposes harbor and sea floors. This retreating of sea water is an important warning sign of a tsunami, because the wave's crest and its enormous volume of water typically hit shore five minutes or so later. Recognizing this phenomenon can save lives.

A tsunami is usually composed of a series waves, called a wave train, so its destructive force may be compounded as successive waves reach shore. People experiencing a tsunami should remember that the danger may not have passed with the first wave and should await official word that it is safe to return to vulnerable locations.

Some tsunamis do not appear on shore as massive breaking waves but instead resemble a quickly surging tide that inundates coastal areas.

Tsunamis are usually the result of . . .

A tsunami is a series of ocean waves that sends surges of water, sometimes reaching heights of over 100 feet (30.5 meters), onto land. These walls of water can cause widespread destruction when they crash ashore.

These awe-inspiring waves are typically caused by large, undersea earthquakes at tectonic plate boundaries. When the ocean floor at a plate boundary rises or falls suddenly, it displaces the water above it and launches the rolling waves that will become a tsunami.

Most tsunami, about 80 percent, happen within the Pacific Ocean's "Ring of Fire," a geologically active area where tectonic shifts make volcanoes and earthquakes common.

Tsunamis may also be caused by underwater landslides or volcanic eruptions. They may even be launched, as they frequently were in Earth's ancient past, by the impact of a large meteorite plunging into an ocean.

Tsunamis race across the sea at up to 500 miles (805 kilometers) an hour — about as fast as a jet airplane. At that pace they can cross the entire expanse of the Pacific Ocean in less than a day. And their long wavelengths mean they lose very little energy along the way.

A tsunami's trough, the low point beneath the wave's crest, often reaches shore first. When it does, it produces a vacuum effect that sucks coastal water seaward and exposes harbor and sea floors. This retreating of sea water is an important warning sign of a tsunami, because the wave's crest and its enormous volume of water typically hit shore five minutes or so later. Recognizing this phenomenon can save lives.

A tsunami is usually composed of a series waves, called a wave train, so its destructive force may be compounded as successive waves reach shore. People experiencing a tsunami should remember that the danger may not have passed with the first wave and should await official word that it is safe to return to vulnerable locations.

Some tsunamis do not appear on shore as massive breaking waves but instead resemble a quickly surging tide that inundates coastal areas.

"Some tsunami do not appear on shore as massive breaking waves but instead resemble a quickly surging tide that inundates coastal areas." (Paragraph 8)

The underlined word is closest in meaning to . . .