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Midterm Review

Total questions: 55

Worksheet time: 55mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The most common anomaly caused by failure of Mullerian ducts to fuse is:

a)

bicornuate uterus

b)

arcuate uterus

c)

Gartner's duct cyst

d)

split uterus

2.

The term "chocolate cyst" refers to a(n):

a)

corpus luteum

b)

endometrioma

c)

teratoma

d)

hemorrhagic cyst

3.

The beginning of menses is known as:

a)

puberty

b)

menarche

c)

menopause

d)

amenorrhea

4.

The gutters at the top of the vagina, which surround the cervix, are the:

a)

cul-de-sacs

b)

perimetrium

c)

fornices

d)

vaginal cuff

5.

Prominent endometrial complex echoes may be seen due to all of the following except:

a)

hydrometra

b)

ovarian granulosa cell tumor

c)

endometrial carcinoma

d)

endometritis

6.

The left ovarian vein drains into the _______________, and the right ovarian veins drains into the _________________.

a)

IVC; IVC

b)

right renal vein; left renal vein

c)

left renal vein; IVC

d)

IVC; right renal vein

7.

Which of the following will appear as a cyst in the cervical region of the uterus?

a)

Gartner's duct cyst

b)

cervical carcinoma

c)

cervical myoma

d)

nabothian cyst

8.

The appropriate method of measuring the endometrium is ________________ on a ___________________ image.

a)

AP; Coronal

b)

AP; Sagittal

c)

Transverse; Transverse

d)

AP; Transverse

9.

Paraovarian cyst arise from which one of the following structures?

a)

fallopian tube

b)

round ligament

c)

peritoneum

d)

broad ligament

10.

Which of the following pelvic muscles is routinely imaged on pelvic sonography?

a)

levator ani

b)

piriformis

c)

coccygeus

d)

quadratus lumborum

11.

An 80-year old patient present for an ultrasound evaluation for vaginal bleeding. Which of the following is most important to obtain?

a)

Doppler evaluation of radial arteries

b)

transverse uterine diameter

c)

endometrial thickness measurement

d)

bilateral ovarian measurements

12.

The hormone responsible for the proliferation of the endometrium is:

a)

estrogen

b)

progesterone

c)

FSH

d)

LH

13.

Which of the following ovarian tumors is associated with GI primary malignancy?

a)

dysgerminoma

b)

Krukenberg tumor

c)

Brenner tumor

d)

struma ovarii

14.

Fertilization occurs at which site normally?

a)

endometrial cavity

b)

uterine cornua

c)

ampulla of the fallopian tube

d)

isthmus of fallopian tube

15.

The most common benign tumor of the female pelvis is:

a)

Leiomyomas

b)

Teratomas

c)

Cystadenoma

d)

Cervical Carcinoma

16.

When examining a patient referred for "lost IUD string", it would be possible to see which of the following sonographically?

a)

normal endometrium without evidence of IUD

b)

uterine perforation by IUD

c)

IUD properly situated in the uterine fundus

d)

all of the answers are correct

17.

When a sonographer discovers a bicornuate uterus, which area should also be evaluated?

a)

lymph nodes

b)

liver

c)

kidneys

d)

vagina

18.

The dominant hormone in the Luteal phase of the ovary is:

a)

progesterone

b)

estrogen

c)

FSH

d)

hCH

19.

A blood test used to screen for ovarian cancer is:

a)

BRCA 1

b)

MSH 2

c)

CEA

d)

CA-125

20.

A term used when the menstrual cycle occurs at intervals of less than 21 days.

a)

amenorrhea

b)

dysmenorrhea

c)

polymenorrhea

d)

oligomenorrhea

21.

A benign disease, with global infiltration of the endometrial tissue into the myometrium.

a)

endometriosis

b)

endometrioma

c)

adenomyosis

d)

endometritis

22.

The arteries found within the uterine myometrium:

a)

spiral artery

b)

arcuate artery

c)

radial arteries

d)

straight arteries

23.

The image shown most likely resembles which of the following:

a)

serous cystadenocarcinoma

b)

theca lutein cyst

c)

corpus luteum

d)

mucinous cystadenoma

24.

This textbook image most likely represents a:

a)

hydrosalpinx

b)

pyosalpinx

c)

salpingitis

d)

TOA

25.

Based on your textbook, this image is most likely a:

a)

endometrioma

b)

serous cystadenoma

c)

"chocolate cyst"

d)

dermoid

26.

What is the term that describes painful periods?

a)

dysmenorrhea

b)

amenorrhea

c)

menorrhagia

d)

polymenorrhea

27.

Other risk factors of ovarian carcinoma include all the following except:

a)

multiparity

b)

infertility

c)

late menopause

d)

increasing age

e)

uninterrupted ovulation

28.

The Doppler indices used to evaluate the pelvic vessels include all of the following except:

a)

Bernoulli's equation

b)

A/B ratio

c)

Pourcelot resistive index

d)

pulsatility index

29.

True/False: The strongest risk factor for ovarian carcinoma is a family history of Breast Cancer.

a)

True

b)

False

30.

The end of the fallopian tube that is opened to the peritoneal cavity is called the:

a)

fimbria

b)

isthmus

c)

ampulla

d)

frondosum

31.

Sonographic evaluation of the pelvis in the patient with a suspected mass has several objectives. Which of the following is NOT one?

a)

to provide a pathologic diagnosis

b)

to confirm the presence of a mass

c)

to determine its origin

d)

to characterize its internal echo architecture

32.

Which of the following is NOT an adnexal structure?

a)

uterus

b)

ovarian ligaments

c)

broad ligaments

d)

ovaries

33.

Teratomas are:

a)

Complex Masses

b)

Cystic Masses

c)

always malignant

d)

lethal

34.

True/False: The piriformis muscles can be seen on the transabdominal pelvic ultrasound scan.

a)

True

b)

False

35.

A Paraovarian cyst is:

a)

a cyst that arises from the broad ligament

b)

a large cystic mass with prominent septations

c)

a benign teratoma in which ectodermal elements are preponderant

d)

the largest of the functional cysts, associated with trophoblastic disease

36.

The pudendum is inclusive of all of the following structures except:

a)

Anus

b)

Labia Majora

c)

Clitoris

d)

Vagina

37.

Which connective tissue layer of the ovary contains the nerves, blood, and lymphatic vessels at the region of the hilum?

a)

medulla

b)

cortex

c)

germinal epithelium

d)

tunica albuginea

38.

True/False: In postmenopausal patients who are not on hormone replacement therapy, who present with an endometrial thickness of less than five millimeters (mm) is considered benign.

a)

True

b)

False

39.

The ovary receives its primary blood supply from which one of the following arteries?

a)

Uterine

b)

Internal iliac

c)

Ovarian

d)

External iliac

40.

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma most frequently occurs in women over the age of _______ years.

a)

20

b)

30

c)

40

d)

50

41.

Which one of the following endocrine disorders is associated with chronic anovulation?

a)

Polycystic ovarian syndrome

b)

Endometriosis

c)

Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

d)

Theca-lutein cysts

42.

A benign tumor that may mimic gas or feces in the pelvis is which one of the following masses?

a)

Leiomyoma

b)

Lipoma

c)

Granulosa

d)

Dermoid

43.

True/False: PCOS occurs in the middle-to-late 30s.

a)

true

b)

false

44.

True/False: An ovary is generally considered abnormal if its volume is three times the size of the contralateral ovary.

a)

True

b)

False

45.

The secondary common benign tumor of the ovary is which one of the following masses?

a)

Serous cystadenoma

b)

Mucinous cystadenoma

c)

Dermoid cyst

d)

Endometrioma

46.

True/False: Theca-lutein cysts are associated with high levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).

a)

True

b)

False

47.

An asymptomatic 24-year-old woman is diagnosed with a left adnexal mass on physical examination. A history of PID has been reported. Transabdominal and transvaginal images demonstrate an anechoic tubular structure in the left lower quadrant. This finding most likely represents which one of the following?

a)

Iliac vessels

b)

Hydrosalpinx

c)

Theca-lutein cysts

d)

Ectopic pregnancy

48.

Which one of the following techniques uses a catheter inserted into the endometrial cavity with the insertion of saline or contrast media to fill the endometrial cavity to demonstrate abnormalities within the cavity or uterine tube?

a)

Transvaginal

b)

Perineal

c)

Sonohysterography

d)

Transendometrography

49.

The transvaginal transducer should be soaked in disinfectant between uses for a minimum of _______________.

a)

3 to 5 minutes

b)

10 to 20 minutes

c)

30 to 60 minutes

d)

1 to 2 hours

50.

In postmenopausal patients who are not on hormone replacement therapy, an endometrial thickness of less than ______ millimeters (mm) is considered benign.

a)

2

b)

5

c)

10

d)

3

51.

Are you ready for your Midterm Exam?

a)

Yes, I got this!!! 😎

b)

No, I am scared!😢

c)

I need to study! 😒

d)

I will find out after this review! 🤔

e)

Yes, I don't know, maybe, I'm not sure! 😁

52.

All are results of PID except:

a)

salpingitis

b)

endometritis

c)

oophoritis

d)

parametritis

e)

endometriosis

53.

True/False: Sexually Transmitted diseases is the number one cause of PID.

a)

True

b)

False

54.

Which risk factor increases the chances of obtaining PID?

a)

STDs

b)

Multiple sexual partners

c)

Douching

d)

All answer choices are correct

e)

None of the answers are correct

55.

All are considered a form of endometriosis except:

a)

endometrioma

b)

adenomyosis

c)

endometritis

d)

"chocolate cyst"