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WorksheetsPaper 1 Overview Coasts 4
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 10mins
Involves the construction of physical structures to protect coasts from erosion
Hard engineering
Soft engineering
Does not involve building artificial structures, but takes a more sustainable and natural approach to managing the coast
Hard engineering
Soft engineering
Type of hard engeneering
vertical sea wall
groynes
rip rap
Type of hard engeneering
Breakwater
Gabions
Groynes
Type of hard engeneering
rip-rap
re-curved sea wall
groynes
Type of hard engeneering
gabions
revetment
sea wall
What are the advantages of soft engineering?
More effective than hard engineering
Doesn't harm wildlife habitats
Cheap
All of these
How is dune regeneration helpful?
The vegetation on sand dunes help stabilise the dune which then provide a barrier and absorb wave energy.
The fences on the sand dunes help stabilise the dune which then provide a barrier and absorb wave energy
What is beach nourishment?
The replacement of sand with rocks to strengthen the beach against the tide during storms.
The supply of sand to the shore to increase the recreational value and to secure the beach against shore erosion by feeding sand to the beach.
What are some of the disadvantages of soft engineering?
It is sometimes less effective than hard engineering
It takes time
Both
What are the four erosion processes?
Solution
Hydraulic action
Attrition
Saltation
Abrasion
Which of these describes the erosion process of Hydraulic Action at the coast?
The acidity of the sea water dissolves the rocks at the coast.
Rocks are picked up by the sea and thrown against the side of the cliff face.
Waves crash into the cliffs and force air and water into cracks. The power of the waves is eroding the rocks.
The sea water crashes the rocks together until the get smaller and smaller
50:50 - What is the movement of a wave up a beach called?
Swash
Backwash
What is this?
A cave
An arch
A doorway
A rockpool
What will happen to the arch next?
It will get wider
The top will erode away and fall down, leaving a stack
Longshore drift will fill up the gap and make a new cliff face
What is this coastal landform?
Spit
Bar
Cliff
Why might this cliff have collapsed?
It is made of soft rock
It has rained a lot and the water is a heavy weight on the top
The sea has eroded the bottom of the cliff
ALL of the reasons above
Hard engineering:
Involves building artificial defences to interrupt natural processes.
Examples include beach nourishment and sand dune regeneration.
Allowing coastal processes to work and the land to change in a more environmentally sustainable way.
Examples include groynes and rip rap.
Which of the following distinctive landforms are formed primarily due to the process of deposition?
Headlands
Beaches
Spits
Bars
"The wearing away and removal of material by a moving force, such as a breaking wave" is which process?
Deposition
Erosion
Transportation
Weathering
