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Processes for Overproduction in Industrial Microbiology

Total questions: 20

Worksheet time: 10mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

These regions in DNA control the synthesis of polypeptides and enzymes.

a)

exons

b)

operons

c)

introns

d)

structural genes

2.

In the Jacob Monod Model, these compounds remove the repressor protein attached to the operator gene, allowing the RNA polymerase to synthesize protein.

a)

supressor

b)

regulator

c)

inducer

d)

activator protein

3.
In the absence of an inducer, the repressor of the lac operon is active. What does an active repressor mean?
a)
repressor is attached to the operator gene and does not allow trancription of the promoter region
b)
repressor is attached to the inducer
c)
repressor protein produces enzymes
d)
repressor forms a complex with the inducing subtrate
4.

This control mechanism decreases the expression of the operon, due to the elevated levels of an active catabolite (i.e. cyclic adenosine monophosphate)

a)

positive control

b)

substrate induction

c)

feeedback inhibition

d)

catabolite repression

5.

What type of modification in the branched pathway, allows different end-products to produce similar enzymes?

a)

cumulative feedback regulation

b)

concerted or multivalent feedback regulation

c)

isoenzymes with specific regulatory effectors

d)

sequential feedback inhibition

6.

Amino acid production is regulated in stringent strains through the production of these phophates

a)

adenosine monophosphate

b)

cyclic adenosine monophosphate

c)

guanosine tetraphosphate and pentaphosphate

d)

adenosine triphosphate

7.

This control mechanism enables microorganism to retain molecules inside their cell and prevent entry of unwanted molecules.

a)

proton motive force

b)

metabolic control

c)

entry-exit mechanism

d)

permeability control

8.

The transportation of solutes across the cellular membrane which requires the use of adenosine triphosphate or through proton motive force

a)

passive transport

b)

active transport

c)

diffusion

d)

facilitated difussion

9.

This example of passive transport occurs in water molecules

a)

facilitated diffusion

b)

difussion

c)

simple diffusion

d)

osmosis

10.

In this method for overproduction of end-products, modified enzymes are produced by microbial mutants resistant to compounds similar to the desired material

a)

substrate induction

b)

reverse mutation

c)

use of toxic or feedback resistant analogues

d)

use of penicillin

11.
According to catabolite repression, in the presence of 2 different carbohydrate substrate such as lactose and glucose, glucose will first be catabolize by the cell. What is the reason for this?
a)
There is a decrease in levels of a catabolite(cAMP) promoting glucose utilization.
b)
There is an increase in the level of catabolite (cAMP) which promotes glucose utilization.
c)
lactose utilization is supressed when glucose is available
d)
glucose is a monosaccharide and is thus simpler, therefore it is utilized first than polysaccharides
12.

These methods would allow increase in the permeability of the cellular membrane, allowing compounds to easily diffuse, except?

a)

deficiency in biotin

b)

modifications of temperature

c)

use of surfacace acting agents

d)

use of penicillin

13.
The amount of phosphates in the culture media sigificantly affects production of antibiotics, thus to increase yield of antibiotics the phosphates in the media should be?
a)
low
b)
high
c)
sufficient
d)
none of the choices
14.

To increase secondary metabolite production, temperature must be adjusted to ______.

a)

0° Celsius

b)

25° Celsius

c)

37° Celsius

d)

5-10° Celsius

15.

The control mechanism for retrieval of glutamate from fermenting microbial cell is through _________.

a)

feedback inhibition

b)

metabolic control

c)

permeability control

d)

negative control

16.

Mutant organisms which require a specific compound for them to grow are known as _______.

a)

heterotrophs

b)

auxotrophs

c)

phototrophs

d)

chemotrophs

17.

It is the measure to which ATP-ADP-AMP systems of the cell contains high energy phosphate bonds

a)

control charge

b)

phosphate charge

c)

adenylate charge

d)

cellular charge

18.

This feedback regulation in the branched pathway shows that individual end products have little or no negative inhibitory effect on the primary enzyme, but when these end-products function at the same time they act as potent inhibitors

a)

sequential

b)

cumulative or cooperative

c)

compensatory antagonism

d)

concerted or multivalent

19.
Mutation in an auxotrophic organism can be changes to its original wild type strain characteristics through?
a)
reverse mutation
b)
induction of mutation
c)
repression
d)
forward mutation
20.

Organisms which can efficiently utilize nutrient and energy sources are referred to as ________.

a)

overproducing

b)

relaxed

c)

stringent

d)

auxotrophic