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PCBI101L M3

Total questions: 109

Worksheet time: 1hrs 16mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Extends from foramen magnum to 2nd lumbar vertebra

(a)  

2.

(?) MATTER: center of spinal cord & looks like letter H or a butterfly. Indicate the color only:

(a)  

3.

(?) MATTER: outside of spinal cord & contains myelinated fibers. Indicate the color:

(a)  

4.

axons that conduct action potentials toward brain

a)

Descending tracts

b)

Ascending tracts

5.

axons that conduct action potentials away from brain

a)

Descending tracts

b)

Ascending tracts

6.

In Spinal cord: Contains 3 columns dorsal (back), ventral (Front), lateral (Side) columns

(a)  

7.

contain axons which synapse with interneurons

a)

Posterior horns

b)

Anterior horns

c)

Lateral horns

d)

Central canal

8.

contain somatic neurons

a)

Posterior horns

b)

Anterior horns

c)

Lateral horns

d)

Central canal

9.

contain autonomic neurons

a)

Posterior horns

b)

Anterior horns

c)

Lateral horns

d)

Central canal

10.

fluid filled space in center of cord

a)

Posterior horns

b)

Anterior horns

c)

Lateral horns

d)

Central canal

11.

Spinal Nerves

a)

31 pairs

b)

Organized in 3 plexuses

c)

Arise along spinal cord from union of dorsal roots and ventral roots

d)

Contain axons sensory and somatic neurons

e)

Located between neck

12.

Cervical Plexus

a)

Spinal nerves C1-4

b)

Originates from spinal nerves C5-T1

c)

Originates from spinal nerves L1 to S4

13.

Brachial Plexus

a)

Spinal nerves C1-4

b)

Originates from spinal nerves C5-T1

c)

Originates from spinal nerves L1 to S4

14.

Lumbosacral Plexus

a)

Spinal nerves C1-4

b)

Originates from spinal nerves C5-T1

c)

Originates from spinal nerves L1 to S4

15.

Produced in choroid plexus of brain

(a)  

16.

Reflexes

a)

involuntary response to a stimulus

b)

involuntary response to a stimuli

c)

involuntary response to a charges

17.

path reflex travels (Neural pathway)

(a)  

18.

- pick up stimulus

- in skin

a)

Sensory (afferent) neurons

b)

Sensory receptors

c)

Interneurons (Association) neuron

d)

Efferent (motor) neurons

e)

Effector

19.

send stimulus to interneurons in spinal cord

a)

Sensory (afferent) neurons

b)

Sensory receptors

c)

Interneurons (Association) neuron

d)

Efferent (motor) neurons

e)

Effector

20.

- located in CNS and connect to motor neurons

- process stimulus

a)

Sensory (afferent) neurons

b)

Sensory receptors

c)

Interneurons (Association) neuron

d)

Efferent (motor) neurons

e)

Effector

21.

send response to effector

a)

Sensory (afferent) neurons

b)

Sensory receptors

c)

Interneurons (Association) neuron

d)

Efferent (motor) neurons

e)

Effector

22.

muscle, gland, or organ

a)

Sensory (afferent) neurons

b)

Sensory receptors

c)

Interneurons (Association) neuron

d)

Efferent (motor) neurons

e)

Effector

23.

Sensory memory

o brief retention of sensory input received by brain while something is scanned, evaluated, and acted up

o in temporal lobe

(a)  

24.

short term memory

o data that has been encoded

o temporal lobe

(a)  

25.

long term memory

o few minutes or permanently (depends on retrieval)

(a)  

26.

how often information is used

(a)  

27.

Short-term memory

a)

few seconds or min. bits of info. (usually 7)

b)

few minutes or permanently

c)

places or events

d)

utilizing past memories

28.

Long-term memory

a)

few seconds or min. bits of info. (usually 7)

b)

few minutes or permanently

c)

places or events

d)

utilizing past memories

29.

Episodic memory

a)

few seconds or min. bits of info. (usually 7)

b)

few minutes or permanently

c)

places or events

d)

utilizing past memories

30.

Learning

a)

few seconds or min. bits of info. (usually 7)

b)

few minutes or permanently

c)

places or events

d)

utilizing past memories

31.

• 12 pair of cranial nerves

• Named by roman numerals

• 2 categories of functions: sensory and motor

(a)  

32.

- two or more neurons synapse same neuron

- allows info. to be transmitted in more than one neuronal pathway to converge into a single pathway

a)

Converging

b)

Diverging

33.

- axon from one neuron divides and synapses with more than one neuron

- allows info. to be transmitted in one neuronal pathway to diverge into 2 or more pathways

a)

Converging

b)

Diverging

34.

Motor speech

- where words are formulated

a)

Bronca’s area

b)

Wernicke’s area

35.

Sensory speech

- where words are heard and comprehended

a)

Bronca’s area

b)

Wernicke’s area

36.

Inside each taste bud are 40 taste cells

Each taste cell has taste hairs that extend into taste pores

(a)  

37.

- protects from sweat

- shade from sun

a)

Eyebrow

b)

Eyelashes/Eyelid

c)

Conjunctiva

d)

Lacrimal apparatus

e)

Extrinsic eye muscles

38.

- protects from foreign object

- lubricates by blinking

a)

Eyebrow

b)

Eyelashes/Eyelid

c)

Conjunctiva

d)

Lacrimal apparatus

e)

Extrinsic eye muscles

39.

covers inner surface of eyelid

thin membrane

a)

Eyebrow

b)

Eyelashes/Eyelid

c)

Conjunctiva

d)

Lacrimal apparatus

e)

Extrinsic eye muscles

40.

help move eyeball

a)

Eyebrow

b)

Eyelashes/Eyelid

c)

Conjunctiva

d)

Lacrimal apparatus

e)

Extrinsic eye muscles

41.

- helps maintain eye shape, provides attachment sites, protects internal structures

a)

Sclera

b)

Cornea

42.

- transparent structure that covers iris and pupil

- allows light to enter and focuses light

a)

Sclera

b)

Cornea

43.

Vascular Tunic (middle layer)

a)

Contains blood supply

b)

Contains blood vessels

c)

Contains blood and oxygen

44.

delivers O2 and nutrients to retina

a)

Ciliary body

b)

Choroid

c)

Iris

d)

Lens

e)

Suspensory ligaments

45.

helps hold lens in place

a)

Ciliary body

b)

Choroid

c)

Iris

d)

Lens

e)

Suspensory ligaments

46.

focuses light onto retina

a)

Ciliary body

b)

Choroid

c)

Iris

d)

Lens

e)

Suspensory ligaments

47.

surrounds and regulates pupil

a)

Ciliary body

b)

Choroid

c)

Iris

d)

Lens

e)

Pupil

48.

- covers posterior 5/6 of eye

- contains 2 layers

a)

Pigmented retina

b)

Retina

c)

Sensory retina

49.

keeps light from reflecting back in eye

a)

Pigmented retina

b)

Retina

c)

Sensory retina

50.

contains photoreceptors (rods and cones)

contains interneurons

a)

Pigmented retina

b)

Retina

c)

Sensory retina

51.

Rods; EXCEPT

a)

sensitive to light

b)

20 times more rods than cones

c)

can function in dim light

d)

sensitive to dark

52.

provide color vision

a)

Cones

b)

Cone

c)

Rods

d)

Rod

53.

Macula

a)

small spot near center of retina

b)

ability to discriminate fine images

c)

blindspot

54.

Fovea centralis

a)

small spot near center of retina

b)

ability to discriminate fine images

c)

blindspot

55.

- white spot medial to macula

- blood vessels enter eye and spread over retina

- axons exit as optic nerve

- no photoreceptors

(a)  

56.

filled with aqueous humor (watery)

a)

Anterior chamber

b)

Posterior chamber

c)

Vitreous chamber

57.

filled with vitreous humor: jelly-like substance

a)

Anterior chamber

b)

Posterior chamber

c)

Vitreous chamber

58.

- lens becomes less rounded and image can be focused on retina

- enables eye to focus on images closer than 20 feet

a)

Accommodation

b)

Accumulation

59.

leaves eye and exits orbit through optic foramen to enter cranial cavity

a)

Optic nerve

b)

Optic chiasm

c)

Optic tracts

60.

where 2 optic nerves connect

a)

Optic nerve

b)

Optic chiasm

c)

Optic tracts

61.

route of ganglion axons

a)

Optic nerve

b)

Optic chiasm

c)

Optic tracts

62.

Eye Defects: Myopia

a)

image is in front of retina

b)

image is behind retina

c)

reading glasses required

63.

Eye Defects: Hyperopia

a)

image is in front of retina

b)

image is behind retina

c)

reading glasses required

64.

Eye Defects: Presbyopia

a)

image is in front of retina

b)

image is behind retina

c)

reading glasses required

65.

Eye Defects: Presbyopia

a)

image is in front of retina

b)

image is behind retina

c)

reading glasses required

66.

Eye Defects: Astigmatism

a)

irregular curvature of lens

b)

absence or deficient cones

c)

can lead to blindness; primary in female

67.

Eye Defects: Astigmatism

a)

irregular curvature of lens

b)

absence or deficient cones

c)

can lead to blindness; primary in female

68.

canal that leads to eardrum and where earwax reside

a)

External auditory meatus

b)

Tympanic membrane

69.

eardrum

- thin membrane that separates external and middle ear

a)

External auditory meatus

b)

Tympanic membrane

70.

Middle Ear: Bone attached to tympanic membrane, connects to incus

(a)  

71.

Middle Ear: Bone that connects malleus to stapes

(a)  

72.

Middle Ear: Bone located at the base of oval window

(a)  

73.

Middle Ear: separates middle and inner ear

(a)  

74.

Middle Ear: opens into pharynx & equalizes air pressure between outside air and middle ear

(a)  

75.

Inner Ear:

- tunnels filled with fluid

- 3 regions: cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canals

a)

Bony labyrinth

b)

Membranous labyrinth

c)

Endolymph

d)

Perilymph

e)

Cochlea

76.

Inner Ear:

- inside bony labyrinth

- filled with endolymph (clear fluid)

a)

Bony labyrinth

b)

Membranous labyrinth

c)

Endolymph

d)

Perilymph

e)

Cochlea

77.

Inner Ear:

clear fluid in membranous labyrinth

a)

Bony labyrinth

b)

Membranous labyrinth

c)

Endolymph

d)

Perilymph

e)

Cochlea

78.

Inner Ear:

fluid between membranous and bony labyrinth

a)

Bony labyrinth

b)

Membranous labyrinth

c)

Endolymph

d)

Perilymph

e)

Cochlea

79.

Inner Ear:

where hearing takes place

- snail-shell shaped structure

a)

Bony labyrinth

b)

Membranous labyrinth

c)

Endolymph

d)

Perilymph

e)

Cochlea

80.

in cochlea: filled with perilymph

a)

Scala vestibuli

b)

Scala tympani

c)

Cochlea duct

81.

in cochlea: filled with endolymph

a)

Scala vestibuli

b)

Scala tympani

c)

Cochlea duct

82.

in cochlea: vibrates against hair cells

a)

Tectorial membrane

b)

Scala tympani

c)

Cochlea duct

83.

in cochlear duct: contains hair cells

a)

Tectorial membrane

b)

Spiral organ

c)

Cochlea duct

84.

Hair cells

a)

attached to sensory neurons that when bent produce an action potential

b)

attached to sensory nerves that when bent produce an action potential

c)

attached to sensory nerves that when combined produce an action potential

85.

wall of membranous labyrinth that lines scala vestibuli

a)

Vestibular membrane

b)

Basilar membrane

86.

wall of membranous labyrinth that lines scala tympani

a)

Vestibular membrane

b)

Basilar membrane

87.



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