What did Hobbes believe we needed more than freedom?

Hobbes vision for society was for

Locke's view on human nature is that humans are...

Locke believed that...

Rousseau believed that …

Unlike Locke, Rousseau was opposed to the idea of a representative democracy.

Rousseau wanted the following political system.

Political scientists consider an ideology to be a set of principles or ideas that explain our world and our place within it.

What factors influence individual and collective beliefs and values?

Multiculturalism is a manifestation of pluralism.

The characteristics of ideology are all concerned with ...

Some of the more important themes of ideologies are...

Progressivism is an umbrella term for various ideologies that advocate for the reversal of political and social reform through government action.

Tommy Douglas led North America's first socialist government as the Premier of Alberta.

Tommy Douglas created Saskatchewan Medicare, the first universal health care program in Canada.

Milton Friedman was...

Individualism is most associated with

The growing sense of individualism contributed to the birth of classical liberalism. This can be attributed to ...

Check all of the principles of individualism

The rule of law implies

In England, middle class men got the vote only in 1832. Working class men waited until 1885. English women were first able to vote only in _____ - and only if they were over the age of 30.

The protection of private property can also be a source of conflict in the realm of intellectual property.

A welfare state is...

Adam Smith saw individual self interest as the ________ that guides individuals to contribute to the common good of everyone.

Please check off all of the principles of collectivism.

Many countries have tried to reform their economic systems to introduce more economic equality. In Canada, for example, the policy of ___________________ could be seen as an attempt to redistribute wealth.

___ believed that workers should profit from their labour, not employers or the owners.

__________ is also the foundation for social movements and lobby groups, such as human rights groups, professional groups, or international organizations such as the AFN (Assembly of First Nations).

Many modern societies founded on the traditional values of individualism have gradually incorporated some degree of collectivism over time. Similarly, some collectivist societies have come to embrace aspects of individualism. An example of this could be the ______.

Locke and Hobbes agreed on the idea of the ________ whereby people give up some of their natural rights to a government in order to receive social order and security for themselves and their property.

Unlike Hobbes, Locke believed that the government should be directly accountable to the _____.

Montesquieu believed in the worth of the individual, the equality of individuals, and the accountability of government. He also believed strongly in _______.

Montesquieu's idea of power separation was considered ____ at the time. It called for the elimination of three estate structure of French society and advocated an unprecedented level of individual involvement in government.

John Stuart Mill was interested in the protection of individual freedom and the promotion of individual decision making as the core of societal institutions. He believed that the only limitations that should be placed on an individual should be to act as he or she wants, so long as his or her actions did not harm others. This is called the ______.

Capitalism at the time of the industrial revolution would be described as being...

The economic system that held all economic pursuits should be to strengthen the power and wealth of the state.

Who wrote the Wealth of Nations that strongly opposed mercantilism?

____ believed that the government's role should be limited to maintaining the rule of law, to ensuring contracts were followed, and to provide some public works such as primary education and road maintenance.

Despite the Reign of Terror in which thousands lost their property and lives, the French Revolution produced some important documents that reveal the influence of liberal thought on French society. An example of this is...

Some historians believe the _______ peoples influenced liberal thought in America. The _______ has strong similarities to the American constitution.

In 1801, the government passed the Inclosure Consolidation Act to create further private property. The farmers forced off the land became a large workforce for the new factories.

A number of ideologies arose in opposition to classical liberalism. Check off all of those that apply.

The government responded to the Luddites breaking machines by making it a(n) _________.

The significance of the Chartists lies in their demonstration of the discontent that gripped Britain at the time. The government saw them as an unruly mob reminiscent of the French Revolution, but most of their demands were EVENTUALLY implemented in the __________ of 1867 and 1884.

Robert Owen believed that the harshness of life under laissez faire capitalism corrupted...

Unlike the Utopians, who wanted only to modify classical liberalism, other socialist ideologies contemplated fundamental changes to society's structure.

Socialists agreed on the following beliefs...

Marxism is a radical form of socialism, often called scientific socialism or fascism to distinguish it from other socialist ideologies.

Marx believed that economics was the foundation of society and the means of production, such as factories, needed to be in the workers' hands. The only way to overthrow capitalism was to buy ownership from big business.

By the 1930s, Marxism had become very popular in France and elsewhere among intellectuals and writers.

The Luddites were not the only reactionaries of the times. The development of ___________ was also a reaction to classical liberalism.

Classical conservative beliefs were that...

American president Theodore Roosevelt was a ___ who showed his desire to curb the excesses of laissez faire capitalism early in his presidency.

Roosevelt coined the term ______ to signify that both labour and capital must be treated fairly.

"A new kind of liberalism" and progressivism go hand in hand.

The concept of the welfare state was not impacted by the Great Depression.

Classical liberals believed that there would be full employment if supply and demand were in balance. Keynes used the Great Depression as proof this was not true.

Keynes: When economy cools you _____ taxes and _____ public spending.

Franklin Roosevelt, president from 1933 to 1945, was the first to convert Keynes theories. He implemented a program called...

A radical government would be ___ and a reactionary government would be ______.

Conformity to the state is demanded in totalitarian ideologies and it is achieved through the following measures (check all those that apply)

Although the 1905 revolution was eventually suppressed, the czar was forced to allow some reforms, including the following:

Lenin's government took control over a ...

Some terms of the treaty of Versailles were... (check all that apply)

Hitler promoted absolute _____, which called for the unification of all German speaking peoples, the use of private paramilitary organizations to stifle dissent and terrorize opposition, and the centralization of decision making in a single leader, to whom everyone owed loyalty.

During the course of the Russian Civil War, Lenin and the Bolsheviks attempted to rapidly transform Russia into a communist society. Beginning in 1918, the introduced a group of policies known as _______.

The failure of War Communism led Lenin to introduce the ______ which allowed peasants to own farmland and have a voice ironically creating a class known as the kulaks.

This political leader was known for his 5 Year Plans and collectivization. Plans called for industrial production to increase about 20% per year in a variety of industries.

In Ukraine, the breadbasket of the USSR, Stalin used the famine as a weapon to try to eliminate Ukrainian nationalism and identity. More than 7 million people died in this genocide, which is now known as _____.

When Stalin realized that even members of the politburo (political bureau, ruling elite of Communist Party) dared to oppose him, he initiated a period of repression now known as ____.

As part of the goal of achieving conformity to the communist state ideology, historical fairy tales were promoted.

In the 1932 elections, the Nazi party received 33 percent of the popular vote and about one third of the seats in the Reichstag.

Hitler used the "communist threat" and panic from the fire of the Reichstag building to pass the Enabling Act (1933). This made it possible for the government to do the following... (check all that apply)

To achieve autarky means to achieve...