When Oliver is diagnosed with major depressive disorder, his doctor explains the need for antidepressant medication, saying that because Oliver's condition is primarily the result of a chemical imbalance in the brain and even certain regions of the brain being smaller than they should be, he will require some type of psychopharmaceutical treatment. Oliver's doctor is using what approach to psychology?

While conducting couples therapy with a newly married couple, Dr. Blount has to consistently remind herself of the unique situation she's in. Her couple did not marry for love - their wedding was an attempt at convenience, and arranged by their parents. Dr. Blount's feeling that this knowledge must be at the foundation of her therapeutic approach emphasizes which approach to psychology?

Jamar is conducting a study for his senior thesis (at Mizzou!) on how minority status affects the development of PTSD in sexual assault survivors. His findings indicate that those who are in the majority exhibit less symptoms of PTSD than those of minority status. This emphasizes which approach to psychology?

Lanelle is a clinical intern in the last year of her PhD program, who is struggling with a couple coming to her clinic for therapy. The clinical director of the facility is asking Lanelle to use a form of therapy that emphasizes a lack of judgment and the journey to true discovery of one's ideal self. Lanelle agrees that this is important, but because the couple are currently separated due to the wife having an affair, she's unsure if a zero-judgment zone will go over well with the husband who feels abandoned and betrayed. She would prefer a therapeutic approach that emphasizes changing the thought patterns of the husband toward regret and correction while changing the wife's thought patterns toward forgiveness and healing. In this example, the clinical director is using the _____ approach and Lanelle is using the _____ approach.

Dr. Trump, niece of President Donald Trump, has regularly appeared on major news networks, attempting to explain that her uncle's narcissistic behavior is the result of observing his father from a young age. According to Dr. Trump, President Trump's father also exhibited self-involved and self-centered behavior, almost to a pathological extent. This explanation means Dr. Trump adheres to which approach in psychology?

Marco is in therapy meant to address his increasingly maladaptive anger issues. While Marco has never been physically violent against anyone he's dating, his most recent relationship is on the rocks after the week before when he - while angry - punched the wall at his boyfriend's apartment, breaking through the sheetrock. Marco's therapist feels that his anger might be a manifestation of his troubled relationship with his father. "My father didn't hit walls," Marco replies, when the therapist offers his insight. "He hit me." Marco is determined that because he's never been physically violent against another individual, it couldn't possibly have to do with his father; his therapist disagrees saying his anger (while not directly learned from) could be influenced by this relationship. This view emphasizes which approach in psychology?

Dr. Perrault is conducting a study on the rates of asthma development, finding that those who live in urban environments are more likely to develop respiratory problems. But he also finds something unexpected: These individuals were also more likely to develop schizophrenia, and other psychotic disorders, due to stress sensitization. This finding is underscored by what approach in psychology?

Laufton is currently failing every class, while in the second semester of his senior year. Concerned, his teacher, Ms. McFarland, reaches out to his parents, asking if there are any issues in his life that she should be concerned about. The parents say that his mindset just isn't "in the right place" and that he's "checked-out" due to it being his last semester. But Ms. McFarland gets the impression while talking to them that Laufton's behavior might be influenced by his parents, who have taught him that grades aren't as important at this point in his life as making money at his new job. Where Laufton's parents place the blame using the _____ approach in psychology; Ms. McFarland places blame using the _____ approach.

Jackson, a senior at Mizzou, has just begun to suffer from periodic panic attacks, bringing on intense feelings of dread, fear, and uneasiness. He decides to go to the university counseling center to get help with this; and - after just a few sessions - is told by his therapist that they believe the panic disorder has been brought on because of the fears and concerns Jackson has over graduating in just a few months. Jackson says that he hasn't given graduation much thought, and that he's just trying to finish strong with a full class-load his last semester. The therapist emphasizes that even if he's not actively thinking about graduation, it's a major life event that will weigh on him, which emphasizes which approach to psychology?