WorksheetsSRTC Section 5 Exam
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins
Which of the following vessels has thick muscular walls that allow constriction and dilation?
Capillaries
Lymphatic vessels
Veins
Arteries
Which of the following best describes the function of blood?
It transports gases and nutrients, aids in excretion, and provides protection and regulation.
It is a life-giving liquid that supports all the body's functions to maintain hypoperfusion.
It clots, flows, transports, protects, and excretes on a daily basis.
It flows from the heart with the vital gases and nutrients needed to maintain a lack of perfusion.
In which of the following vessels does the vital exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and wastes take place?
Veins
Capillaries
Venules
Arterioles
Which of the following is the least effective method of controlling bleeding?
Direct pressure
Tourniquet
Elevation
Hemostatic agent
Your patient is a 28-year-old male who cut his thigh with a chain saw. It appears that he has lost about 600 cc of blood. Which of the following is not part of the proper management of this patient?
Administering oxygen
Replacing fluid level by giving the patient adequate amounts of water
Using direct pressure to control the bleeding
Using a tourniquet
As an EMT, your best clue indicating the possibility of internal bleeding may be the presence of:
the mechanism of injury.
a tender, rigid, or distended abdomen.
painful, swollen, or deformed extremities.
bruising, swelling, or pain over vital organs.
Which of the following is not a consequence of hypoperfusion?
Acid buildup decreases and body pH increases.
Cells are not supplied with oxygen.
Cellular waste products are not removed.
Cells are not supplied with nutrients.
You are examining a 48-year-old patient who has been burned. You decide to use the rule of palm to measure the extent of the burn. What does this mean?
The palm of the patient's hand equals about 1% of the body's surface area.
The palm of your hand represents 1% of the body's surface area.
You can only use the rule of palm for children, so you would use the rule of nines instead.
The palm of the patient's hand equals 9% of the body's surface area.
Which of the following layers of the skin is the most important in insulating the body against heat loss?
Subcutaneous layer
Parietal layer
Epidermis
Subdural layer
The meatus is:
the external opening of the urethra.
the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.
in a male, the area between the scrotum and the anus.
he canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder to the exterior of the body.
You are dispatched to the local high school for a "person struck with a baseball." You arrive on the scene and find a 16-year-old male sitting on the bench. Apparently he was the pitcher and was struck in the abdominal area by a line drive ball that was hit very hard. He states that nothing is hurting except he has some mild pain in the area where he was struck. He is upset that the ambulance was called and wants to go back into the game and continue pitching. Your exam reveals nothing remarkable except mild pain when you palpate the injured area. Vital signs are normal. What is the next step?
Tell the coach the patient is okay and he can go back into the ball game.
Have the coach apply cold to the area and let the pitcher back in the game if he does not get worse in the next 15 minutes.
Have the patient walk to the ambulance and take him to the ED. No other care needs to be provided, as there is really no significant sign of any injury.
Take appropriate Standard Precautions, apply high-concentration oxygen by nonrebreather mask, and transport the patient ASAP, carefully monitoring the patient during transport.
You are dispatched to an auto repair shop for an "accident." You arrive and are told by the owner that one of the workers apparently got his hand in the way while using a high-pressure grease gun and injected the grease into his hand. You find the patient seated in a chair with a coworker applying ice to the injured hand. Your examination reveals a minor round laceration in the hand. The patient is complaining of pain in the area but wants to let the wound take care of itself and go back to work. What should you do?
Remove the ice from the wound, then elevate and splint the limb. Transport the patient high priority.
Continue to apply cold, elevate and splint the limb, and transport the patient high priority.
Tell the patient that if it does not get better within the next few days he should consult his own doctor.
The patient is correct. This type of wound will heal on its own and he can go back to work.
A 37-year-old male was hit by a trolley and his foot was almost severed. It is only connected by some skin and crushed bone. What should you do?
Immediately apply a tourniquet to control bleeding.
Apply a pressure dressing to control bleeding, stabilize the foot by splinting, apply oxygen, and transport as a priority patient.
Complete the amputation. It will make the injury much easier to handle.
Because of the seriousness of the injury, wait for ALS before providing any care.
While assessing a 78-year-old male patient who escaped an apartment fire with partial thickness burns to both arms, the EMT must be aware of which of the following?
Being involved in a crime makes the patient part of the chain of evidence, requiring a police officer to ride with you to the hospital.
Medical conditions may be aggravated by the burn.
The burn is the most serious injury to the patient.
The patient may need to be questioned by police and fire officials about the cause of the fire.
Which of the following best describes an evisceration?
Movement of ribs opposite to the direction of movement of the rest of the chest wall
Open wound of the abdomen from which organs protrude
A penetrating chest wound in which air is "sucked" into the chest cavity
Fracture of two or more adjacent ribs in two or more places
A patient with jugular vein distention is most likely suffering from which of the following injuries?
Hemothorax
Hemopneumothorax
Pneumothorax
Tension pneumothorax
The chest cavity can hold up to ________ liter(s) of blood in an adult, leading to the possibility of massive internal hemorrhage without any external blood loss.
0.5
5
3
1
What is a drawback to using sterile aluminum foil as an occlusive dressing?
A flutter valve is difficult to create with foil.
The foil may lacerate eviscerated organs.
Sterility cannot be ensured unless the foil was autoclaved.
Foil cannot create an airtight seal.
ou are on an EMS standby for a boxing tournament. During one of the matches, one of the female boxers delivers a forcible uppercut to the chest of her opponent, who falls to the ground. The match is declared over on the basis of a TKO. However, the opponent fails to arise following a 1- to 2-minute interval. EMS is summoned to the ring. You find the patient pulseless and breathing agonal gasps. You suspect which of the following traumatic conditions?
Cardiac tamponade
Tension pneumothorax
Aortic dissection
Commotio cordis
While palpating the radial pulses of a patient who was involved in a motor vehicle crash, you notice a difference in the strength of the pulses bilaterally. This is a finding that you suspect may be associated with:
tension pneumothorax.
aortic dissection.
flail chest.
commotio cordis.
You are treating a patient with paradoxical motion on the left side of the chest. He is breathing is shallow at a rate of 4 breaths per minute. You should:
begin positive pressure ventilation.
roll the patient onto his left side.
administer 15 lpm oxygen via mask.
tape the chest to restrict movement.
Which of the following allows for smooth movement of bone surfaces against one another at joints?
Smooth muscle
Ligaments
Cartilage
Tendons
Which one of the following statements is not true?
Ligaments are connective tissues that connect bone to bone.
Muscles are the tissues or fibers that cause movement of body parts or organs.
Cartilage is connective tissue that covers the outside of the bone end and acts as a surface for articulation.
Tendons are bands of connective tissue that bind the ligaments to muscles.
Which one of the following statements is not true concerning a knee injury?
Fractures can occur to the proximal tibia and fibula.
Fractures can occur to the proximal femur.
Fractures can occur to the patella.
There could be pain and tenderness.
Distinguishing between a knee dislocation and a patella dislocation can sometimes be difficult. Which of the following statements is not true?
You should always check for a distal pulse.
In a knee dislocation, the tibia is forced anteriorly or posteriorly in relation to the distal femur.
In a patellar dislocation, the knee will be stuck in flexion but the knee cap will not be displaced.
The lack of a distal pulse could be a signal of a real emergency.
Which of the following best describes the compartment syndrome?
A serious condition caused by the bleeding and swelling from a fracture or crush injury that becomes so strong that the body can no longer perfuse the tissues against that pressure
A life-threatening condition caused by trapping the blood flow by a fracture when the bone ends cut the blood vessels
A serious condition caused by the amount of equipment that must be carried in the ambulance compartments
A non-life-threatening condition caused by orthopedic injuries in which blood flow is stopped when the bone ends compress the blood vessels
When the EMT is assessing compromise to an extremity, perhaps due to an orthopedic injury, the EMT should initially check what "six Ps"?
Pain, pallor, paresthesia, pulses, paralysis, and pressure
Pain, pallor, position, pulses, placement, and pad
Pain, pallor, paresthesia, pulses, placement, and pressure
Pain, pallor, position, pulses, placement, and pressure
Your patient is a 20-year-old college student who has fallen from a third-level balcony onto a wooden deck below. The patient responds to verbal stimuli, is pale in color with moist skin, and has a very obvious deformity with protruding bone ends of his right forearm. Which of the following is the best sequence of intervention for this patient?
Provide immediate manual in-line stabilization of the cervical spine; apply high-concentration oxygen by nonrebreather mask; perform a focused history and assessment; apply the cervical collar; apply a padded board splint, sling, and swathe to the forearm injury; and transport.
Provide manual in-line stabilization of the cervical spine along with assessment of breathing, pulse, and the presence of significant hemorrhage; apply high-concentration oxygen; perform a rapid trauma exam; immobilize to a long backboard; transport; and splint the extremity en route if time and resources allow.
Open the airway; assess breathing; check the carotid pulse; splint the forearm injury; immobilize the patient to a long backboard; apply high-concentration oxygen; and transport.
Provide manual in-line stabilization of the cervical spine along with assessment of breathing, pulse, and the presence of significant hemorrhage; apply high-concentration oxygen; perform a rapid trauma exam; immobilize to a long backboard; and check with medical control about the need to splint the forearm injury prior to transport.
Which of the following is defined as an area of the body surface that is innervated by a single spinal nerve?
Malar
Dermatone
Spinous Process
Maxillae
Messages from the body to the brain are carried by which of the following types of nerves?
Cranial
Skeletal
Motor
Sensory
Your patient is a 16-year-old male who was ejected from an all-terrain vehicle and struck his head on a large rock. He was not wearing a helmet. He is unresponsive with shallow, irregular respirations; a blood pressure of 170/110 mmHg; and a heart rate of 50 beats per minute. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate?
Insert a nasopharyngeal airway and give oxygen by nonrebreather mask (NRB) at 15 lpm.
Insert an oropharyngeal airway and give oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 lpm.
Insert an oropharyngeal airway (OPA) and ventilate via bag-valve mask (BVM) at 30 breaths per minute.
Insert an oropharyngeal airway and ventilate via bag-valve mask at 10 to 12 breaths per minute.
A young female was injured in an automobile wreck, striking her head on the windshield. She is unconscious and her breathing is irregular. She is bleeding from a scalp wound, but your assessment shows that her cranium is intact. Her vital signs are pulse 68 and blood pressure 148/90, and her pupils are unequal. You should suspect a(n):
contusion.
concussion.
open head injury.
closed head injury.
Which of the following is not used to calculate a patient's GCS?
Verbal response
Motor response
Work of breathing
Eye movement
You are treating a 35-year-old male patient who has been involved in a motorcycle incident. The patient is unresponsive with a blood pressure of 60/40, a pulse of 66 beats per minute, and respirations of 18 breaths per minute. The patient's skin is flushed and warm. The patient's presentation is most likely caused by which of the following?
Air embolism
Increased intracranial pressure
Priapism
Neurogenic shock
When using a short spine immobilization device, which part of the body is secured last?
Legs
Arms
Torso
Head
What are three elements of successful trauma care that field practitioners can use that will ultimately translate into greater rates of survival?
Lights, sirens, and diesel
Physiological determinants, anatomic criteria, and mechanism of injury
Ground ambulances, air helicopters, and trauma centers
Teamwork, timing, and transport
What are some of the most important critical decisions an EMT can make on the scene of a serious trauma?
Determining the potential liability involved in performing life-saving interventions
Diagnosing the causes for a patient's presentation and identifying a course of definitive care
Deciding whether to treat life-threatening injuries on scene or to load and go
Determining patient severity, amount of time on scene, and transport destination
Which one of the following patients would justify the need to directly transport to a trauma center based on special patient considerations?
An end-stage renal disease (ERSD) patient who tripped and fell and is complaining of shoulder pain on the same side as his shunt
An unlicensed teenage driver who has a pulse rate of 120 after a MVC and a 4 minute EMS response
An elderly patient who slipped out of her wheelchair and is complaining of pelvic pain
A pregnant female in the third trimester who is spotting (showing small amounts of vaginal bleeding) following a low mechanism of injury MVC
A respiratory rate of less than ________ in infants is a significant finding and indicates a critical patient who should be immediately transported to a trauma center if secondary to trauma.
30
25
20
18
Which of the following choices is not a justifiable reason for delaying transport of a critical trauma patient?
Immobilizing the patient to a long spine board
Suctioning the airway
Ventilating a patient in respiratory distress
Awaiting arrival of police on scene
You respond to a 32-year-old male who fell 20 feet off a ladder. He is responsive to painful stimuli. He has snoring respirations at 20 a minute with decent chest rise and fall. He has a broken femur, a broken wrist, and a lacerated radial artery that is bleeding profusely. Which of these injuries is the highest priority?
Snoring respirations
Arterial bleed
Broken wrist
Femur fracture
Which patient is the highest priority?
Patient with a Glasgow Coma Scale of 15
Patient with a penetrating chest injury
Patient with a broken femur
Patient with a Revised Trauma Score of 12
Applying an external source of heat to the patient's body to rewarm him is called ________ rewarming.
active
passive
peripheral
central
What is a common sign or symptom of high-altitude cerebral edema?
Peripheral edema
Nosebleed
Altered mental status
Paresthesia
Most radiant heat is lost through which part(s) of the body?
Hands and feet
Torso
Head and neck
Buttocks
When the body is in water, how many times faster does it lose heat than when it is in still air?
100
2
25
10
You respond to a landing zone to pick up a skier who was lost in the woods for 36 hours and found by the search-and-rescue helicopter. Your patient is a 19-year-old male patient. He is alert and oriented to time, person, place, and event. He is covered in blankets and shivering. He complains of not being able to feel his fingers. Physical exam reveals that the fingers of both extremities have a waxy appearance and feel "frozen" on the surface. After treating the patient for potential hypothermia and rapid transport, your next action is to:
keep the digits frozen on ice until they can be properly rewarmed at the hospital.
actively rewarm the digits.
gently bandage the digits.
gently warm the digits by slowly massaging them.
You arrive on the scene and find an unresponsive homeless man lying in the alleyway clutching a wine bottle. He is wearing a long-sleeved shirt but does not have pants on. His skin feels cold to the touch. The week's temperatures have not been above 50°F. Which of the following should you do immediately after ensuring the patient has an adequate airway?
Begin passive rewarming.
Provide manual stabilization of the cervical spine.
Apply the AED.
Check the carotid pulse.
Which of the following is caused by trapped nitrogen gas in the tissues due to a rapid ascent from a scuba dive?
Pulmonary embolism
Myocardial infarction
Decompression sickness
Arterial gas embolism
Which of the following can cause a wound with a characteristic lesion with a bite that is often painless?
Brown recluse spider
Scorpion
Black widow spider
Hornet
