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Cotton Cattle Railroads and Closing the Frontier

Total questions: 30

Worksheet time: 17mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

How did the use of windmills help INCREASE West Texas settlement?

a)

Windmills made oil drilling easier.

b)

Pioneers used windmills to predict destructive weather.

c)

Thanks to windmills, pioneers did not have to depend on sources of surface water.

d)

Windmills generated electricity for early communities.

2.

What was the name given to the African-American soldiers who protected the frontier in West Texas after the Civil War?

a)

cattle soldiers

b)

camel soldiers

c)

western soldiers

d)

buffalo soldiers

3.

The 19th century technological innovation of steam power was MOST beneficial to Texans through the —

a)

railroad

b)

spinning wheel

c)

paddle boat

d)

airplane

4.

People in West Texas modified which historic innovation to adapt to their environment?

a)

dams

b)

cotton gin

c)

bogs

d)

windmills

5.

Which of the following factors greatly impacted Texans in supporting slavery?

a)

large and diverse populations from Mexico and Europe

b)

many lakes and rivers for transportation and fishing

c)

large land areas fit for growing cotton

d)

small cabins and hunters in the forests

6.

How did barbed wire contribute to the settlement of farmers in West Texas?

a)

It encouraged the expansion of railroads into the area.

b)

It allowed crops in the plains to be protected from cattle.

c)

It provided ways for people to earn money by selling fencing.

d)

It encouraged the growth of protected land for conservation.

7.

Which was the largest industry in the late 19th and early 20th centuries in Texas?

a)

Oil

b)

Agriculture

c)

Manufacturing

d)

Ranching

8.

The men who built the state capitol in the 1880s, were given three million acres of land in the Texas Panhandle for their services. Keeping the land together made it the largest ranch in the state. What did they call the ranch?

a)

TX

b)

XIT

c)

PHT

d)

XLT

9.

Which of the following is a negative effect of the growth of railroads in Texas and the Great Plains?

a)

Ranchers could get cattle to markets easier.

b)

Railroads brought buffalo hunters who killed the animals by the thousands from the windows of the railroad cars.

c)

Cities such as Dallas could grow because they had better opportunities for transportation

d)

Railroads made trade of such goods as farm products faster and expanded markets for farmers.

10.

Land, longhorns, and railroads were all reasons for --

a)

Expansion of the frontier in Texas after the Civil War

b)

Expansion of the manufacturing industry in Texas after the Civil War

c)

Expansion of the service industry into Texas after the Civil War

d)

Expansion of the oil industry into Texas after the Civil War

11.

Today we spent hours stringing telegraph wire here in Texas. Beginning tomorrow we will escort a wagon train leaving for the western part of the state. As we keep them safe from attacks, we will map the areas we cross to make expansion easier for the next groups. If we find any horse thieves, we will bring them to justice. Not all of the pioneer families appreciate us. They hate that the south lost the Civil War and here we are in blue uniforms, but we just follow orders and work to make Texas a better and safer place to live.


Who might have written this letter?

a)

a Texas Ranger

b)

Quanah Parker and his followers

c)

a Confederate soldier who has come home

d)

a buffalo soldier sent to Texas

12.

During Range Wars in Texas --

a)

Farmers and ranchers worked together to fight big industry developments

b)

Farmers and ranchers fought and often destroyed fences and pastures

c)

Farmers and ranchers fought against innovations in farming

d)

Farmers and ranchers fought the government

13.

The Buffalo soldiers were nicknamed this by American Indians because of their --

a)

size

b)

hair and bravery

c)

uniforms

d)

hometown

14.

The buffalo soldiers helped to shape the history of Texas because they were —

a)

American Indians who fought with Texas during the Civil War

b)

African Americans who guarded the Texas frontier after the Civil War

c)

Anglo Americans who sided with Mexico before the Texas Revolution

d)

Mexican Americans who defended the Alamo during the Texas Revolution

15.

The invention that had the GREATEST impact on the settlement of West Texas was?

a)

McCormick's reaper

b)

Glidden's barbed wire

c)

Whitney's cotton gin

d)

Colt's revolver

16.

The end of the Red River Wars is considered an "end of an era". What is meant by this?

a)

The end of the Red River Wars stopped a steady loss of land by Native Americans and returned them to their rightful homes.

b)

The end of the Red River Wars changed the northern boundaries of Texas for the final time.

c)

The end of the Red River Wars was basically the end of ranching and farming in the Panhandle of Texas.

d)

The end of the Red River Wars was generally the end of the Plains Indian lifestyles. Most accepted defeat the followed soldiers to Oklahoma.

17.

This man was the son of a Texas pioneer woman who was captured by the Comanche.

He was a warrior and the last of the Comanche chiefs.

He was a major figure in helping his people adjust to reservation life after the final battles.

Along with his support for ranching, education, and agriculture, he served as a judge on the tribal court, negotiated business agreements with white investors, and fought attempts to roll back the changes instituted under his direction.

Who is he?

a)

Quahada Parker

b)

Pete Nacona

c)

Quanah Parker

d)

Red Cloud

18.

Inventions and innovations can lead to increased efficiency and production. Which is the correct match of invention with its impact on expanding business in Texas after the Civil War?

a)

Airplane - International Trade

b)

Barbed wire - Ranching

c)

Cotton gin - Ranching

d)

Assembly line - Manufacturing

19.

Which Comanche leader ignored the Treaty of Medicine Lodge Creek and continued to lead raids against white settlers?

a)

Lone Wolf

b)

Quanah Parker

c)

Kicking Bird

d)

Satanta

20.

In the early 1870s, as U.S. troops began operations against Native Americans who had left the reservations, Anglo American hunters were slaughtering the _____ that Native Americans depended upon for survival.

a)

buffalo

b)

cattle

c)

deer

d)

horses

21.

The most important crop in Texas after the Civil War was _____.

a)

corn

b)

cotton

c)

rice

d)

sugarcane

22.

Identify the invention in the image. This invention helped to close off the open range making cattle drives dangerous and contributing to the Open Range War.

a)

Barbed Wire

b)

Wooden Fence

c)

Metal Fence

d)

Wooden Post

23.

Which country brought cattle to Texas and the rest of the United States?

a)

Spain

b)

England

c)

France

d)

United States

24.

what was the purpose of the cattle Trails and drives?

a)

to transport cattle to other states to satisfy the demand for beef

b)

to give cattle exercise

c)

to feed the cattle

d)

to move the cattle to another ranch

25.

After the civil war how were cattle first transported?

a)

Railroads

b)

Cattle Drives on trails

c)

wandering Freely

d)

trucks

26.

During the era of the cattle kingdom, the largest privately owned ranch in Texas was

a)

Pearson's Ranch

b)

King Ranch

c)

JA Ranch

d)

XIT Ranch

27.

What was the purpose of a cattle brand for ranchers during the cattle industry?

a)

The brand was used to mark the ownership of cattle so that the owner was easily identifiable, and prevented cattle theft.

b)

The brand was used as a propellant, making the cows move faster towards the market in order to make a larger profit

c)

The brand was used to encourage weight gain in cattle, causing them to eat more, and gain more wait, making them more valuable at market.

d)

The brand was used to mark cattle that were sick with “Texas Fever” and needed to be separated from the rest of the herd to avoid the spread of disease

28.

According to what you know about social studies, where would you most likely find a vaquero?

a)

Riding on a horse, and herding cows on the trail on a cattle drive.

b)

Sitting in jail after being convicted of stealing cattle from a ranch or cattle drive

c)

As a Union soldier who is fighting on the frontier during the Civil War.

d)

Teaching the Catholic faith, and settling in Texas in a mission.

29.

Use the map below and your knowledge of social studies to answer the following question. Using the map of cattle trails above, what was the earliest trail used?

a)

Shawnee

b)

Chisholm

c)

Goodnight-Loving

d)

Western

30.

Based on the map, in 1881 the most railroad lines in Texas were to be found—

a)

on the plains of West Texas

b)

along the Rio Grande

c)

in the eastern third of the state

d)

in the Panhandle