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WorksheetsH Physics - Unit 1 P+W Complete
Total questions: 81
Worksheet time: 3hrs 42mins
Two parallel metal plates X and Y in a vacuum have a potential difference V across them.
An electron of charge e and mass m, initially at rest, is released from plate X.
The speed of the electron when it reaches plate Y is given by
m2eV
m2eV
em2V
em2V
e2mV
A potential difference of 2 kV is applied across two metal plates.
An electron passes between the metal plates and follows the path shown.
A student makes the following statements about changes that could be made to allow the electron to pass between the plates and reach the screen.
I Increasing the initial speed of the electron could allow the electron to reach the screen.
II Increasing the potential difference across the plates could allow the electron to reach the screen.
III Reversing the polarity of the plates could allow the electron to reach the screen.
Which of these statements is/are correct?
I only
II only
III only
I and II only
I and III only
A proton enters a region of magnetic field as shown.
On entering the magnetic field the proton
deflects into the page
deflects out of the page
deflects towards the top of the page
deflects towards the bottom of the page
is not deflected
A student makes the following statements about particles in electric fields.
I A neutron experiences a force in an electric field.
II When an alpha particle is moved in an electric field work is done.
III An electric field applied to a conductor causes the free electrons in the conductor to move.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
II only
III only
I and II only
II and III only
I, II and III
A
B
C
D
E
An alpha particle is accelerated in an electric field between metal plates P and Q.
The charge on the alpha particle is 3·2 × 10-19 C.
The kinetic energy gained by the alpha particle while travelling from plate P to plate Q is 8·0 × 10-16 J.
The potential difference across plates P and Q is
2·6 × 10-34 V
2·0 × 10-4 V
4·0 × 10-4 V
2·5 × 103 V
5·0 × 103 V
An electron enters a region of uniform magnetic field as shown.
The direction of the magnetic force on the electron immediately after entering the field is
towards the top of the page
towards the bottom of the page
towards the right of the page
into the page
out of the page
A student writes the following statements about electric fields.
I There is a force on a charge in an electric field.
II When an electric field is applied to a conductor, the free electric charges in the conductor move.
III Work is done when a charge is moved in an electric field.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
I only
II only
I and II only
I and III only
I, II and III
A potential difference of 5000 V is applied between two metal plates. The plates are 0·10 m apart. A charge of +2.0 mC is released from rest at the positively charged plate as shown.
The kinetic energy of the charge just before it hits the negative plate is
4·0 x 10-7 J
2·0 x 10-4 J
5·0 J
10 J
500 J
The potential difference between two points is
the work done in moving one electron between the two points
the voltage between the two points when there is a current of one ampere
the work done in moving one coulomb of charge between the two points
the kinetic energy gained by an electron as it moves between the two points
the work done in moving any charge between the two points
The emission of beta particles in radioactive decay is evidence for the existence of
quarks
electrons
gluons
neutrinos
bosons
A
B
C
D
E
A student makes the following statements about sub-nuclear particles.
I The force mediating particles are bosons.
II Gluons are the mediating particles of the strong force.
III Photons are the mediating particles of the electromagnetic force.
Which of these statements is/are correct?
I only
II only
I and II only
II and III only
I, II and III
How many types of quark are there?
8
6
4
3
2
An electron is a
boson
hadron
baryon
meson
lepton
A student makes the following statements about the Standard Model.
I Every particle has an antiparticle.
II Alpha decay is evidence for the existence of the neutrino.
III The W-boson is associated with the strong nuclear force.
Which of these statements is/are correct?
I only
II only
III only
I and II only
I and III only
Three students each make a statement about antiparticles.
I An antiparticle has the same mass as its equivalent particle.
II An antiparticle has the same charge as its equivalent particle.
III Every elementary particle has a corresponding antiparticle.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
I only
II only
I and III only
II and III only
I, II and III
Which of the following lists the particles in order of size from smallest to largest?
helium nucleus; electron; proton
helium nucleus; proton; electron
proton; helium nucleus, electron
electron; helium nucleus, proton
electron; proton; helium nucleus
An electron and another particle of identical mass pass through a uniform magnetic field.
Their paths are shown in the diagram.
This observation provides evidence for the existence of
neutrinos
antimatter
quarks
protons
force mediating particles
A student makes the following statements about a proton.
I A proton is a fermion.
II A proton is a baryon.
III A proton is a meson.
Which of these statements is/are correct?
I only
II only
III only
I and II only
I and III only
Which of the following statements describes a spontaneous nuclear fission reaction?
The image represents a nuclear reaction.
The total mass on the left hand side is 8·347 × 10–27 kg.
The total mass on the right hand side is 8·316 × 10–27 kg.
The energy released during one nuclear reaction of this is
9·30 × 10–21 J
2·79 × 10–12 J
7·51 × 10–10 J
1·50 × 10–9 J
2·79 × 1015 J
Part of a radioactive decay series is shown in the diagram.
The symbols X1 to X5 represent nuclides in this series.
A student makes the following statements about the decay series.
I Nuclides X2 and X3 contain the same number of protons.
II Nuclide X1 decays into nuclide X2 by emitting an alpha particle.
III Nuclide X3 decays into nuclide X4 by emitting a beta particle.
Which of these statements is/are correct?
I only
II only
III only
II and III only
I, II and III
A
B
C
D
E
The image represents a fission reaction.
The total mass of the particles before the reaction is 391·848 × 10−27 kg.
The total mass of the particles after the reaction is 391·478 × 10−27 kg.
The energy released in this reaction is
3·53 × 10−8 J
3·52 × 10−8 J
3·33 × 10−11 J
1·67 × 10−11 J
1·11 × 10−19 J
The image describes a fusion reaction.
The total mass of the particles before the reaction is 6∙684 × 10−27 kg.
The total mass of the particles after the reaction is 6∙680 × 10−27 kg.
The energy released in the reaction is
6∙012 × 10−10 J
6∙016 × 10−10 J
1∙800 × 10−13 J
3∙600 × 10−13 J
1∙200 × 10−21 J
A
B
C
D
E
The image represents a nuclear reaction.
Nucleus Z is
A nuclear fission reaction is represented by the image.
The nucleus represented by X is
A nucleus represented by the image decays by beta emission.
The symbol representing the nucleus formed as a result of this decay is
Clean zinc plates are mounted on insulating handles and then charged.
Different types of electromagnetic radiation are now incident on the plates as shown.
Which of the zinc plates is most likely to discharge due to photoelectric emission?
Electromagnetic radiation of frequency 9·0 × 1014Hz is incident on a clean metal surface.
The work function of the metal is 5·0 × 10–19 J.
The maximum kinetic energy of a photoelectron released from the metal surface is
1·0 × 10–19 J
4·0 × 10–19 J
5·0 × 10–19 J
6·0 × 10–19 J
9·0 × 10–19 J
Ultraviolet radiation causes the emission of photoelectrons from a zinc plate.
The irradiance of the ultraviolet radiation on the zinc plate is increased.
Which row in the table shows the effect of this change?
A
B
C
D
E
All particles exhibit wave properties.
The momentum p of a particle is inversely proportional to its wavelength λ.
Which of the following graphs shows the relationship between p and λ?
Radiation of frequency 9·40×1014 Hz is incident on a clean metal surface.
The work function of the metal is 3·78 × 10–19 J.
The maximum kinetic energy of an emitted photoelectron is
2·45 × 10−19 J
3·78 × 10−19 J
6·23 × 10−19 J
1·00 × 10−18 J
2·49 × 1033 J
The table shows the threshold frequency of radiation for photoelectric emission for some metals.
Radiation of frequency 6·3 × 1014 Hz is incident on the surface of each of the metals.
Photoelectric emission occurs from
sodium only
zinc only
potassium only
sodium and potassium only
zinc and potassium only
Radiation of frequency 9·00 × 1015 Hz is incident on a clean metal surface.
The maximum kinetic energy of a photoelectron ejected from this surface is 5·70 × 10−18 J.
The work function of the metal is
2·67 × 10−19 J
5·97 × 10−18 J
1·17 × 10−17 J
2·07 × 10−2 J
9·60 × 10−1 J
Radiation is incident on a clean zinc plate causing photoelectrons to be emitted.
The source of radiation is replaced with one emitting radiation of a higher frequency.
The irradiance of the radiation incident on the plate remains unchanged.
Which row in the table shows the effect of this change on the maximum kinetic energy of a photoelectron and the number of photoelectrons emitted per second?
A
B
C
D
E
Ultraviolet radiation of frequency 7·70 × 1014 Hz is incident on the surface of a metal.
Photoelectrons are emitted from the surface of the metal.
The maximum kinetic energy of an emitted photoelectron is 2·67 × 10−19 J.
The work function of the metal is
1·07 × 10−19 J
2·44 × 10−19 J
2·67 × 10−19 J
5·11 × 10−19 J
7·78 × 10−19 J
The diagram shows an experiment set up to investigate the photoelectric effect.
The frequency of the incident radiation is varied and the current in the circuit is measured.
Which graph shows the relationship between the current I in the circuit and the frequency f of the incident radiation?
A photon of energy 6·40 × 10-19 J is incident on a metal plate.
This causes photoemission to take place.
The work function of the metal is 4·20 × 10-19 J.
The maximum speed of the photoelectron is
1·19 × 106 m s-1
9·60 × 105 m s-1
6·95 × 105 m s-1
6·79 × 105 m s-1
4·91 × 105 m s-1
When light of frequency f is shone on to a certain metal, photoelectrons are ejected with a maximum velocity v and kinetic energy Ek.
Light of the same frequency but twice the irradiance is shone on to the same surface.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
I Twice as many electrons are ejected per second.
II The speed of the fastest electron is 2v.
III The kinetic energy of the fastest electron is now 2Ek.
I only
II only
III only
I and II only
I, II and III
S1 and S2 are sources of coherent waves. An interference pattern is obtained between X and Y.
The first order maximum occurs at P, where S1P = 200 mm and S2P = 180 mm.
For the third order maximum, at R, the path difference (S1R – S2R) is
20 mm
30 mm
40 mm
50 mm
60 mm
The spectrum of white light from a filament lamp may be viewed using a prism or a grating.
A student, asked to compare the spectra formed by the two methods, makes the following statements.
I The prism produces a spectrum by refraction and the grating produces a spectrum by interference.
II The spectrum formed by the prism consists of all the wavelengths present in the white light and the spectrum formed by the grating consists of only a few specific wavelengths.
III The prism produces a single spectrum and the grating produces more than one spectrum.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
I only
II only
I and II only
I and III only
I, II and III
Two identical loudspeakers, L1 and L2, are operated at the same frequency and in phase with each other. An interference pattern is produced.
At position P, which is the same distance from both loudspeakers, there is a maximum.
The next maximum is at position R, where L1R = 5·6 m and L2R = 5·3 m.
The speed of sound is 340 m s–1.
The frequency of the sound emitted by the loudspeakers is
8·8 × 10–4 Hz
3·1 × 101 Hz
1·0 × 102 Hz
1·1 × 103 Hz
3·7 × 103 Hz
A ray of monochromatic light is incident on a grating as shown.
The wavelength of the light is 633 nm.
The separation of the slits on the grating is
1·96 × 10−7 m
1·08 × 10−6 m
2·05 × 10−6 m
2·15 × 10−6 m
4·10 × 10−6 m
A student makes the following statements about waves from coherent sources.
I Waves from coherent sources have the same velocity.
II Waves from coherent sources have the same wavelength.
III Waves from coherent sources have a constant phase relationship.
Which of these statements is/are correct?
I only
II only
I and II only
I and III only
I, II and III
Waves from two coherent sources, S1 and S2, produce an interference pattern. Maxima are detected at the positions shown below.
The path difference S1P − S2P is 154 mm.
The wavelength of the waves is
15·4 mm
25·7 mm
28·0 mm
30·8 mm
34·2 mm
Two identical loudspeakers, L1 and L2, are connected to a signal generator as shown.
An interference pattern is produced.
A minimum is detected at point T.
The wavelength of the sound is 40 mm. The distance from L1 to T is 500 mm.
The distance from L2 to T is
450 mm
460 mm
470 mm
480 mm
490 mm
A source of microwaves of wavelength λ is placed behind two slits, R and S. A microwave detector records a maximum when it is placed at P.
The detector is moved and the next maximum is recorded at Q. The path difference (SQ – RQ) is
0
2λ
λ
23λ
2λ
A microwave source at point O produces waves of wavelength 28mm.
A metal reflector is placed as shown.
An interference pattern is produced.
Constructive interference occurs at point X.
The distance OX is 400 mm.
The total path length OYX is
414 mm
421 mm
442 mm
456 mm
463 mm
Two identical loudspeakers, L1 and L2, are operated at the same frequency and in phase with each other. An interference pattern is produced.
At position P, which is the same distance from both loudspeakers, there is a maximum intensity.
The next maximum intensity is at position R, where L1R = 5·6 m and L2R = 5·3 m.
The speed of sound is 340 m s-1.
The frequency of the sound emitted by the loudspeakers is given by
3405⋅6−5⋅3 Hz
5⋅6+5⋅3340 Hz
5⋅6−5⋅3340 Hz
340×(5⋅6−5⋅3) Hz
340×(5⋅6+5⋅3) Hz
Waves from two coherent sources, S1 and S2, produce an interference pattern. Maxima are detected at the positions shown.
The wavelength of the waves is 28 mm.
For the third minimum at P the path difference (S2P - S1P) is
42 mm
56 mm
70 mm
84 mm
98 mm
Light travels from air into glass.
Which row in the table describes what happens to the speed, frequency and wavelength of the light?
A
B
C
D
E
The diagram shows the path of a ray of red light as it passes from air into substance X.
The critical angle for the light in substance X is
32°
41°
45°
52°
90°
An optical fibre consists of a glass core surrounded by cladding made of different glass. A ray of red light travels through the optical fibre as shown.
The red light travels as shown because
the speed of light in the core is greater than the speed of light in the cladding
the refractive index of the core is greater than the refractive index of the cladding
the refractive index of the core is less than the refractive index of the cladding
the frequency of light in the core is greater than the frequency of light in the cladding
the frequency of light in the core is less than the frequency of light in the cladding
Red light is used to investigate the critical angle of two materials P and Q.
A student makes the following statements.
I Material P has a higher refractive index than material Q.
II The wavelength of the red light is longer inside material P than inside material Q.
III The red light travels at the same speed inside materials P and Q.
Which of these statements is/are correct?
I only
II only
III only
I and II only
I, II and III
Light travels from glass into air.
Which row in the table shows what happens to the speed, frequency and wavelength of the light as it travels from glass into air?
A
B
C
D
E
A ray of red light passes from a liquid to a transparent solid.
The solid and the liquid have the same refractive index for this light.
Which row in the table shows what happens to the speed and wavelength of the light as it passes from the liquid into the solid?
A
B
C
D
E
A ray of blue light passes from air into a transparent block as shown.
The speed of this light in the block is
1·80 × 108 m s−1
1·96 × 108 m s−1
2·00 × 108 m s−1
2·23 × 108 m s−1
2·65 × 108 m s−1
A ray of monochromatic light passes from air into a block of glass as shown.
The wavelength of this light in air is 6·30 × 10−7 m.
The refractive index of the glass for this light is 1·50.
The frequency of this light in the glass is
2·10 × 10−15 Hz
1·26 × 102 Hz
1·89 × 102 Hz
4·76 × 1014 Hz
7·14 × 1014 Hz
A ray of red light travels from air into water.
Which row in the table describes the change, if any, in speed and frequency of a ray of red light as it travels from air into water?
A
B
C
D
E
A ray of monochromatic light passes from air into water.
The wavelength of this light in air is 589 nm.
The speed of this light in water is
2·56 × 102 m s-1
4·52 × 102 m s-1
2·26 × 108 m s-1
3·00 × 108 m s-1
3·99 × 108 m s-1
The irradiance of light can be measured in
W
W m−1
W m
W m−2
W m2
The irradiance of light from a point source is 160 units at a distance of 0·50 m from the source.
At a distance 2·0 m from this source, the irradiance is
160 units
80 units
40 units
10 units
5 units
A student carries out an experiment to investigate how irradiance varies with distance.
A small lamp is placed at a distance d away from a light meter. The irradiance I at this distance is displayed on the meter. This measurement is repeated for a range of different distances.
The student uses these results to produce the graph shown.
The graph indicates that there is a systematic uncertainty in this experiment.
Which of the following would be most likely to reduce the systematic uncertainty in this experiment?
Repeating the readings and calculating mean values.
Replacing the small lamp with a larger lamp.
Decreasing the brightness of the lamp.
Repeating the experiment in a darkened room.
Increasing the range of distances.
The irradiance of light from a point source is 32 W m−2 at a distance of 4·0 m from the source.
The irradiance of the light at a distance of 16 m from the source is
0·125 W m−2
0·50 W m−2
2·0 W m−2
8·0 W m−2
128 W m−2
A point source of light is 8·00 m away from a surface. The irradiance, due to the point source, at the surface is 50·0 mW m−2. The point source is now moved to a distance of 12·0 m from the surface.
The irradiance, due to the point source, at the surface is now
22·2 mW m−2
26·0 mW m−2
33·3 mW m−2
75·0 mW m−2
267 mW m−2
The irradiance on a surface 0·50 m from a point source of light is I.
The irradiance on a surface 1·5 m from this source is
0·11I
0·33I
1·5I
3·0I
9·0I
Light from a point source is incident on a screen. The screen is 3·0 m. The irradiance at the screen is 8·0 W m-2.
The light source is now moved to a distance of 12 m from the screen.
The irradiance at the screen is now
0·50 W m-2
2·0 W m-2
4·0 W m-2
6·0 W m-2
8·0 W m-2
The irradiance of light from a point source is 20 W m–2 at a distance of 5·0 m from the source.
What is the irradiance of the light at a distance of 25 m from the source?
0·032 W m–2
0·80 W m–2
4·0 W m–2
100 W m–2
500 W m–2
In an atom, a photon of radiation is emitted when an electron makes a transition from a higher energy level to a lower energy level as shown.
The wavelength of the radiation emitted due to an electron transition between the two energy levels shown is
1·2 × 10–7 m
7·3 × 10–8 m
8·2 × 106 m
1·4 × 107 m
2·5 × 1015 m
The diagram represents some electron transitions between energy levels in an atom.
The radiation emitted with the shortest wavelength is produced by an electron making transition
E1 to E0
E2 to E1
E3 to E2
E3 to E1
E3 to E0
Part of the energy level diagram for an atom is shown
X and Y represent two possible electron transitions.
A student makes the following statements about transitions X and Y.
I Transition Y produces photons of higher frequency than transition X
II Transition X produces photons of longer wavelength than transition Y
III When an electron is in the energy level E0, the atom is ionised.
Which of the statements is/are correct?
I only
I and II only
I and III only
II and III only
I, II and III
In an atom, a photon is emitted when an electron makes a transition from a higher energy level to a lower energy level as shown.
The wavelength of the radiation emitted due to an electron transition between the two energy levels shown is
7·31 × 10−8 m
9·12 × 10−8 m
1·21 × 10−7 m
8·23 × 106 m
2·47 × 1015 m
When light passes through the outer layers of the Sun certain frequencies of light are absorbed by hydrogen atoms, producing dark lines in the spectrum.
The diagram represents some of the energy levels for a hydrogen atom.
The number of absorption lines in the spectrum caused by the transition of electrons between these energy levels is
4
6
9
10
20
Part of the energy level diagram for an atom is shown.
X and Y represent two possible electron transitions.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?
I Transition Y produces photons of higher frequency than transition X.
II Transition X produces photons of longer wavelength than transition Y.
III When an electron is in the energy level E0, the atom is ionised.
I only
I and II only
I and III only
II and III only
I, II and III
The diagram represents some of the energy levels for an atom of a gas.
White light passes through the gas and absorption lines are observed in the spectrum.
Which electron transition produces the absorption line corresponding to the lowest frequency?
E3 to E2
E2 to E3
E1 to E0
E0 to E1
E0 to E3
The diagram shows some of the energy levels for the hydrogen atom.
The highest frequency of radiation emitted due to a transition between two of these energy levels is
1·59 x 1014 Hz
2·46 x 1015 Hz
3·08 x 1015 Hz
1·63 x 1020 Hz
2·04 x 1020 Hz
An atom has the energy levels shown.
Electron transitions occur between all of these levels to produce emission lines in the spectrum of this atom.
How many emission lines are produced by transitions between these energy levels?
3
4
5
6
7
In a laser, a photon of radiation is emitted when an electron makes an electron makes a transition from a higher energy level to a lower level, as shown below.
The energy in each pulse of radiation from the laser is 10 J. How many photons are there in each pulse?
1·8 x 1019
3·0 x 1019
3·7 x 1019
4·5 x 1019
9·1 x 1019
