Worksheets100C Midterm Review
Total questions: 12
Worksheet time: 3600secs
Before the 1980s, most countries’ telecommunications and broadcasting organizations were owned and/or were tightly regulated by governments.
True
False
Until the 1980s, the reasons for tightly regulating telecommunications and broadcasting organizations were
Telecom was considered a public utility
Broadcasting was understood as a limited national resource
Broadcast was not seen as having much power of influence or persuasion over audiences
Telecom & broadcast organizations were seen as inefficient without market competition
“Technological developments (cable, satellite, digital, and internet) have drastically increased the capacity for the transmission of information and entertainment. In light of these developments, broadcasting regulation laws became outdated and, for the most part, unnecessary. Thus, the deregulation of broadcasting was an inevitable outcome of technological developments.”
This sentence is an example of:
Technological determinism
Social constructivism
A justification to increase broadcasting regulation
A perspective that ignores how deregulation was an intentional policy strategy in support of the interests of large commercial media companies.
What is technological determinism?
The perspective that tech & tech developments are the central causal element in processes of social change.
A theory that attributes strong, nearly omnipotent powers to technologies in shaping societies.
A theory that argues that tech in itself has no influence over societies, as it is people who ultimately control it
A perspective that emphasizes the social, cultural, and political forces that shape and are shaped by technological developments
What is one of main justifications for government regulation of the media and communication industries?
To ensure politically and economically independent journalism
To ensure substantial pluralism and diversity in media ownership, workers, and content
To ensure that a substantial portion of media is owned and produced by and for racialized and marginalized populations
To ensure competitive markets
What is the main form of content regulation in the media industries in the U.S.?
Government regulation
Self-regulation
Most content regulation in the US comes from the media industry itself because the free speech rights enshrined in the First Amendment are primarily interpreted as freedom from government interference in personal and political expression.
True
False
Horizontal Integration is when one company acquires all aspects of production and distribution of a single type of media product.
True
False
The fact that, in the US, Rupert Murdoch owns the Fox Broadcasting Company, The New York Post, The Wall Street Journal, and range of pay TV channels is an example of:
Horizontal integration
Vertical Integration
A major problem of ownership concentration is that it can allow big companies to beat out the competition, not by innovating, producing a better product, or providing better service, but by using their market power to out-negotiate, out-lobby, and block less powerful companies.
True
False
What strategies do media PRODUCERS use to overcome uncertainty about which products will succeed?
Overproduction
Use of past data
Windowing
Formatting
Bundling
Media products can be understood as “public good”, meaning that is a good that is not used up in consumption. Which of these concepts describes ways that media companies exploit the “public good” character of media products?
Windowing
Ars longa
Formatting
Loss leader
Overstocking
