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Ap psychology unit 2

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

a child's sex is genetically determined by the

a)

mother

b)

father

c)

paternal granny

d)

maternal grandpa

2.

a double blind control is essential for which of the following?

a)

study comparing the IQ scores of children of different educational systems

b)

a study of relationships among family members

c)

an experiment to determine the effect of s food reward on the bar-pressing rate of a rat

d)

assessment of a treatment designed to reduce schizophrenic symptoms

e)

a survey of drug use among teens

3.

A person displays a set of rare behaviors that psychologists had not known about previously, because nobody had ever shown them before. The best strategy to investigate the nature of those behaviors is

a)

an experiment

b)

a survey

c)

a case study

d)

cross-sectional research

4.

A person will most likely develop aphasia as a result of damage to which of the following parts of the brain?

a)

occipital lobe

b)

wernicke's area

c)

auditory cortex

d)

parietal lobe

5.

A person with damage to Broca's area would most likely demonstrate which of the following symptoms?

a)

foregetfulness

b)

hearing difficulties

c)

difficulty controlling emotions

d)

difficultly with speech production

6.

A test has a mean of 80 with a standard deviation of 4. Which of the following scores is within one standard deviation of the mean?

a)

75

b)

77

c)

86

d)

90

7.

Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system results in which of the following?

a)

increase in pupil dilation

b)

increase in respiratory rate

c)

decrease in digestion

d)

decrease in salivation

e)

decrease in heart rate

8.

In terms of the effect on the central nervous system, alcohol is most accurately classified as which of the following types of drug?

a)

depressant

b)

narcotic

c)

psychoactive

d)

stimulant

e)

hallucinogen

9.

When people consume large amounts of alcohol, they are often unable to recall what they did and said while they were drinking. This occurs because alcohol interferes with the brain’s ability to form new memories in the

a)

reticular formation

b)

occipital lobe

c)

parietal lobe

d)

thalamus

e)

hippocampus

10.

During the night, Alicia stops breathing repeatedly, frequently gasps for air, and snores loudly at regular intervals. Alicia is most likely suffering from which of the following conditions?

a)

sleep apnea

b)

narcolepsy

c)

insomnia

d)

night terrors

e)

REM rebound effect

11.

All of the following are American Psychological Association ethical guidelines for researchers EXCEPT:

a)

research may not involve deception

b)

participation must be voluntary

c)

participants must be informed of potential risks

d)

participants bust be offered alternative activities if research participation is a course requirement

12.

Ethical principles developed by the American Psychological Association help ensure that human participants in psychological research

a)

get paid for their time and trouble

b)

have not participated in similar research in the past

c)

are protected from physical and psychological harm

d)

keep the purposes of the research confidential

13.

the area of the brain stem that is important in controlling breathing is the

a)

cerebellum

b)

limbic system

c)

medulla

d)

hippocampus

14.

Ethical principles developed by the American Psychological Association help ensure that human participants in psychological research

a)

bottom 50% distribution

b)

middle 50% distribution

c)

bottom 68% ditribution

d)

middle 68% distribution

15.

Ben was enjoying a walk in the woods on a beautiful Saturday afternoon. As he went around a curve, he noticed a bear walking toward him. Immediately his pupils dilated, he began to perspire, and his heart accelerated. These changes are most closely related to the function of the

a)

angular gyrus

b)

hippocampus

c)

sympathetic nervous system

d)

parasympathetic nervous system

16.

The biological clock that operates in human beings to adjust their functioning to night-and-day periodicity is referred to as

a)

biofeedback monitor

b)

spontaneous neural activity

c)

fixed-interval schedule

d)

circadian rhythm

e)

active consciousness

17.

Significant damage to which of the following parts of the brain will most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken?

a)

hypothalamus

b)

frontal lobe

c)

reticular formation

d)

amygdala

e)

thalamus

18.

Brain damage that leaves a person capable of understanding speech but with an impaired ability to produce speech most likely indicates injury to which of the following?

a)

basal ganglia

b)

wernicke's area

c)

broca's area

d)

inferior colliculi

19.

the brain scans of people with amnesia are most likely to show damage to the

a)

hippocampus

b)

hypothalamus

c)

medulla

d)

cerebellum

20.

Caffeine and nicotine are in the same class as which of the following drugs?

a)

marijuana

b)

valium

c)

cocaine

d)

alcohol

21.

A researcher randomly assigned boys and girls to each of two groups. One group watched a violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program. The children were then observed during a period of free play, and the incidence of aggressive behavior was recorded for each group.


This research method is best characterized as

a)

experimental

b)

correlational

c)

longitudinal

d)

naturalistic observation

e)

case study

22.

A researcher randomly assigned boys and girls to each of two groups. One group watched a violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program. The children were then observed during a period of free play, and the incidence of aggressive behavior was recorded for each group.


What is the independent variable in this study?

a)

incidence of aggressive behavior

b)

type of television program viewed

c)

sex of the children

d)

# of groups

23.

A survey shows that children who have encyclopedias in their homes earn better grades in school than children whose homes lack encyclopedias. The researcher concludes that having encyclopedias at home improves grades. This conclusion is erroneous primarily because the researcher has incorrectly

a)

failed to show experimental bias

b)

identified independent variable

c)

identified dependent variable

d)

inferred correlation from causation

e)

inferred causation from correlation

24.

In studying the behavior of five year olds in freeplay situations, a cognitive psychologist would be most interested in the children’s

a)

problem solving strategies

b)

toy preferences

c)

degree of cooperative behavior

d)

prosocial play activities

25.

The correlation between two measures obtained on a group of individuals is graphically represented as a

a)

bar graph

b)

normal distribution

c)

histrogram

d)

scatterplot

26.

Curare blocks action at acetylcholine synapses and causes paralysis. This drug is an example of an

a)

antagonist

b)

agonist

c)

inhibitory postsynaptic potential (ipsp)

d)

excitatory postsynaptic potential (epsp)

e)

excitatory neurotransmitter

27.

An individual who drinks alcohol daily finds it necessary to drink increasing amounts to achieve the state of well-being attained in the past. This individual is showing

a)

withdrawal symptoms

b)

alcohol induced psychosis

c)

state dependent learned

d)

alcohol tolerance

e)

delirium tremens

28.

Damage to a small part of the occipital lobe would most likely result in a

a)

speech deficit

b)

visual deficit

c)

motor deficit

d)

hearing loss

29.

Damage to the cerebellum would most likely result in which of the following problems?

a)

aphasia

b)

increases aggression

c)

vision loss

d)

loss of motor coordination

e)

personality change

30.

An individual with damage to Wernicke’s area is most likely to have difficulty

a)

identify object held in hand but not seen

b)

planning what to wear to a party

c)

remembering the name of a person in a photograph

d)

comprehending a spoken request for information

e)

distinguishing between red and green

31.

A researcher uses debriefing when he

a)

uses deception in a study

b)

has a study approved by the Institutional Review Board

c)

had a study approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee

d)

explains the purpose of the study before the study begins

e)

explains purpose of study after study is completed

32.

The depletion of which of the following neurotransmitters is most closely associated with the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease?

a)

dopamine

b)

acetylcholine

c)

gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

d)

serotonin

33.

Dopamine, norepinephrine, and acetylcholine are all

a)

hormones excreted by the endocrine glands

b)

neurotransmitters that excite of inhibit a neural signal across a synapse

c)

secretions of the exocrine glands

d)

drugs used in therapeutic treatment of memory disorders

e)

enzymes involved with the degradation of interneuron signals

34.

A participant in a study of music perception listens to music with electrodes attached to her scalp while data are collected on the activity of her brain. This technique is called

a)

electroencephalography (EEG)

b)

computed tomography (CT)

c)

positron-emission tomography (PET)

d)

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

e)

functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

35.

In an experiment to test the effects of hunger on aggressive behavior, aggressive behavior would be the

a)

placebo

b)

control

c)

hypothesis

d)

dependent variable

e)

independent variable

36.

experimental research differs from correlational research in that experimental research

a)

allows for prediction

b)

may reveal a casual relation

c)

establishes a mathematical relation

d)

defines the strength of the relation

37.

the area x is which of the following structures?

a)

dendrites

b)

nodes of ranvier

c)

axon terminals

d)

mitochondria

e)

glial cells

38.

Professor Ahad has forty-three students in section one of the psychology classes she teaches and fifty-two students in section two. Section one meets at eight a.m. and, section two meets at one p.m. Professor Ahad gives all of her students the same final exam, and those in section two score significantly higher than those in section one. Professor Ahad concludes that her section one students are academically inferior to students in section two. The biggest problem with Professor Ahad’s conclusion is that

a)

didn't randomly assign students to her classroom

b)

needs equal amount of students in each class for comparisons

c)

no dependent variable

d)

time of day is a confounding variable

39.

Sigmund Freud believed that dream analysis was a useful device for

a)

decreasing repression

b)

sublimating the Id

c)

strengthening the superego

d)

displacing instinctual forces

e)

gaining insight into unconscious motives

40.

What is the best way to ensure that results of a study are generalizable to a population?

a)

making sure to use as many participants as possible

b)

making sure results are signifigant

c)

making sure to use an equal number of men and women

d)

using random assignment

e)

random selection of people from that population

41.

In psychology, Gestalt principles are used to explain

a)

statistical probabilities

b)

somatic behavioral disorders

c)

perceptual organizations

d)

stimulus-detection thresholds

e)

altered states of consciousness

42.

Jane Goodall lived among wild chimpanzees intermittently for decades, studying their social and family systems while keeping her interaction with the chimpanzees to a minimum. Her research method can most accurately be described as

a)

survey

b)

case study

c)

experiment

d)

correlational research

e)

naturalistic observation

43.

Dr. Patel is conducting a study to test a hair-growth shampoo she is developing. She instructs fifty participants to use the hair-growth shampoo once daily for a month and another fifty to use a regular shampoo once a day for a month. Dr. Patel measures the participants’ hair length at the beginning and the end of the thirty days. Which of the following is the dependent variable?

a)

type of shampoo

b)

change in hair length

c)

participants

d)

the placebo

44.

Marjorie’s little brother tends to bother her when he is bored. Marjorie wants to figure out which toy will keep her brother occupied the longest so he will not bother her. She conducts a study where each day at 6P.M. for a week she gives her brother a different toy and on one of the days she gives him no toys to play with. She measures the amount of time he spends playing with each toy before he comes to bother her. Which of the following is the independent variable in this example?

a)

time of the day

b)

amount of time playing

c)

type of toy

d)

no toys

45.

Immediately after firing, a neuron is incapable of responding to stimulation. This condition is referred to as

a)

the action potential

b)

threshold difference

c)

specific energy of the nerve

d)

absolute refractory phase

e)

depolarization

46.

In experimental psychology, a significant difference refers to a

a)

difference not likely due to chance

b)

difference not likely to faculty design

c)

result that indicates a correlation equal to 1.0

d)

result that departs from previous findings

e)

result that proves a new theory

47.

the generalizability of a study increases when

a)

the study if ethical

b)

an experiment is used

c)

debriefing is used

d)

confederates are used

e)

the sample is more representative of the population

48.

The results of a correlational study involving student volunteers in a psychology laboratory might not apply to the general population because

a)

laboratory environments are generally too artificial to generate accurate results

b)

the sample is not randomly chosen and therefore may not be a representative sample

c)

only experimental studies apply to the general population

d)

in a correlational study, no variables are actually manipulated

49.

What field of psychology is most appropriate to analyze the efficiency of businesses in their hiring, basic training, and management leadership skills training?

a)

clinical

b)

quantitative

c)

industrial/organizational

d)

educational

50.

which of the following areas of the body has the largest number of sensory neurons?

a)

back

b)

foot

c)

ear

d)

lips

e)

wrist