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WorksheetsWEEK 13 ANEMIA
Total questions: 70
Worksheet time: 16mins
Decrease in the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood
functional
operational
conventional
Reduction from the baseline value for the total number of RBCs, amount of circulating hemoglobin, and RBC mass for a particular patient.
FUNCTIONAL
OPERATIONAL
CONVENTIONAL
Decrease in RBCs, hemoglobin and hematocrit below the previously established reference values for healthy individuals of the same age, gender, and race and under similar environmental
FUNCTIONAL
OPERATIONAL
CONVENTIONAL
A laboratory test that checks the morphology of the cells
(a)
Laboratory test that determines where the anemia came from
(a)
A morphological classification that is found in thalassemia & severe iron deficiency anemia
(a)
Iron deficiency anemia
smooth tongue
koilonychia
lead poisoning
pancytopenia
a condition also referred to as “spoon shaped nails”, is associated with iron deficiency in which the fingernails are thin, brittle, and concave with raised edges
(a)
pathways that is blocked in sideroblastic anemia
(a)
It develops when the incorporation of iron heme is blocked
(a)
Due to congenital enzyme defect delta amino levulinic acid synthetase or heme synthetase
(a)
Due to somatic mutation of the erythroid progenitor cells that cause either defects in heme synthesis or defects in DNA synthesis
(a)
It interferes with iron storage in the mitochondria and damages the activity of enzymes used for hemesynthesis
(a)
Rare disease caused by accumulation of porphyrins in developing RBC’s. It is characterized by dermal photosensitivity and rash caused y the sun. The orginal werewolf was probably a person with erythropoietic porphyria.
(a)
anemia due to chromic inflammation
(a)
Inherited disorders caused by genetic alterations that reduce or preclude the synthesis of the globin chains of hemoglobin tetramer.
(a)
What are the 2 most common type of thalassemia
(a)
It results when one of the 2 genes that produce beta globin is defective and usually presents a mild, asymptomatic anemia
thalassemia major
intermediate beta thalassemia
thalassemia minor
More severe anemia than minor beta thalassemia but do not require regular transfusion
thalassemia minor
intermediate beta thalassemia
thalassemia major
Decrease or complete lack of beta globin production and most severe form of transfusion dependent anemia
thalassemia minor
intermediate beta thalassemia
thalassemia major
other name for thalassemia major
heterozygous thalassemia
cooley's trait
Rietti-Greppi-Micheli disease
thalassemia intermidia
cooley's anemia
other name for thalassemia major
heterozygous thalassemia
homozygous thalassemia
cooley's anemia
cooley's trait
medeterranean anemia
deletion of one alpha hemoglobin gene, leaving 3 functional alpha globin genes
silent carrier
alpha thalassemia trait homozygous
hemoglobin H disease
hydrops fetalis
deletion of 2 alpha globin gene
silent carrire
alpha thalassemia trait
hemoglobin H disease
Hydrops fetalis
It is caused by the presence of only one gene producing alpha chains
silent carriers
alpha thalassemia trait
hemoglobin H disease
hydrops fetalis
Results in the absence of all alpha chains
silent carrier
alpha thalassemia trait
hemoglobin H disease
hydrops fetalis
silent carrier
-a/aa
-a/aa & --/aa
--/-a
--/--
alpha thalassemia trait
-a/aa
-a/aa & --/aa
--/-a
--/--
hemoglobin H disease
-a/aa
-a/aa & --/aa
--/-a
--/--
hydrops fetalis
-a/aa
-a/aa & --/aa
--/-a
--/--
thalassemia with increased levels of fetal hemoglobin and partial or total suspension of beta and delta chains and Hb F increased to compensate
(a)
A rare class of thalassemia caused by crossing over beta and delta genes
(a)
It is a double heterozygous abnormality and the abnormal genes of Hb S and thalassemia are co-inherited
(a)
beta thalassemia with inherited hb C
(a)
Co inherited of hemoglobin E and beta thalassemia that results to a marked reduction of beta chain production
(a)
laboratory findings on CBC has
- decreased hgb, hct and RBC indices
- increased RBC count and RDW
iron deficiency anemia
sideroblastic anemia
thalassemia
disorder in the DNA synthesis of RBC. The maturation of nucleus is delayed relative to that of cytoplasm
(a)
Vit. B12 deficiency
(a)
nutritional megaloblastic anemia
(a)
What are the 4 neurologic symptoms of the effects of vit B12 and folate deficiency
(a)
It contains leafy green vegetables, dried beans, liver, beef and some fruits
(a)
meat, eggs and dairy products
(a)
Laboratory findings in CBC are:
· Pancytopenia
· Decreased Hemoglobin and Hematocrit
· Increased MCV (> 120fl), MCH and RDW
Normal MCHC
iron deficiency anemia
sideroblastic anemia
thalassemia
megaloblastic anemia
laboratory findings is that it is decreased in absolute reticulocyte count, and also has hyperpigmented neutrophil
iron deficiency anemia
sideroblastic anemia
thalassemia
megaloblastic anemia
Peripheral smear lab results are
· Oval macrocytes . megalocytes
· Poikilocytosis – dacryocytes, fragments, microspherocytes
· NRBCs
· Howell-Jolly bodies
· Basophilic stippling
Cabot rings
iron deficiency anemia
sideroblastic anemia
thalassemia
megaloblastic anemia
It is used to distinguish malabsorption of vitamin B12 from other causes of malabsorption. It uses oral dose of radioactive vitamin B12
(a)
non mgalobastic anemia is caused by
(a)
Characterized by premature RBC destruction caused by autoantibodies that bind the RBC surface
(a)
It is responsible for approximately 70% of immune hemolytic cases.
warm reactive autoimmune hemolytical anemai
cold reactive autoimmune hemolytic anemia
paraxysmal cold hemoglobinuria
Mediated by antibody with maximum binding affinity at 4°C or below 32 °C
warm reactive autoimmune hemolytic anemia
cold reactive autoimmune hemolytic anemia
paroxysmal cold hemoglobimuria
A rare acute form of cold generated hemolysis. Hemolysis occurs when blood is warmed after previous exposure to chilling. It is caused by an antibody (Donath-Landsteiner antibody) present in the plasma
warm reactive autoimmune hemolytic anemia
cold reactive autoimmune hemolytic anemia
paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria
Type of immunoglobulin of warm reactive autoimmune hemolytic anemia
IgG
IgM
Max. temp. reactivity of warm reactive autoimmune hemolytic anemia
37°C
4°C
Complement activation of warm reactive autoimmune hemolytic anemia
variable
yes
Type of hemolysis of warm reactive autoimmune hemolytic anemia
extravascular
intra/ extravascular
intravascular
autoantibody specificity of warm reactive autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Rh complex
Anti I / -i
Anti -P
treatment for warm reactive autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Corticosteroids & Splenectomy
Avoidance of cold & Plasmapheresis
Avoidance of cold & corticosteroids
type of immunoglobulin of cold reactive autoimmune hemolytic anemia
IgG
IgM
type of hemolysis of cold reactive autoimmune hemolytic anemia
extravascula
intra/ extravascular
intravascular
autoantibody specificity of cold reactive autoimmune hemolytic anemia
rh complex
anti-I / -i
anti-P
treatment for cold reactive autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Corticosteroids & Splenectomy
Avoidance of cold & corticosteroids
Avoidance of cold & Plasmapheresis
treatment for PCH
Avoidance of cold & Plasmapheresis
Corticosteroids & Splenectomy
Avoidance of cold & corticosteroids
autoantibody specificity of PCH
rh complex
anti - i
anti -p
type of hemolysis of PCH
extravascular
intra/extravascular
intravascular
Max. temp. reactivity of PCH
37°C
4°C
type of immunoglobulin for PCH
IgG
IgM
They are self-limiting, but severe even fatal following the administration of drug that can cause immune hemolytic anemia
(a)
3 examples of drug induced immune hemolytic anemia
(a)
Usually occurs in newborns following the trans placental passage of maternal anti fetal red cells antibody
(a)
isoimmune HDN due to rh incompatibility
(a)
