Musculoskeletal ultrasound can be used in conjunction with PT examination and evaluation procedures for a better assessment.

The pulser of the ultrasound produces waves of electrical energy with a frequency range of 5 - 20 MHz.

Transducers used in musculoskeletal ultrasound have a curved array, compared to that of pelvic and abdominal ultrasound who have a linear array.

Absorption is a result of intermolecular friction which converts the mechanical energy of ultrasound waves into heat.

Hyperechoic structures are structures that reflect much energy in reference to other structures and produce brighter images.

Cortical bones normally appear as hyperechoic, smooth, and continuous shapes on the screen.

An abnormal finding for cysts is when they present with increased volume, thickened walls, and debris.

The biggest advantage of ultrasound over MRI is its low cost and portability.

Ultrasound ca visualize structures but are limited by orthogonal planes.