It is a careful and detailed study into a specific problem, concern, or issue using the scientific method. It uses an organized and systematic procedure by presenting related facts and data.

A piece of academic writing that provides analysis, interpretation, and argument based on in-depth independent research.

A statement of expectation or prediction that will be tested by research, commonly known as the researcher's intellectual guess or wild guess about the possible result of the study.

It refers to any information that has been collected, generated, or created to validate original research findings.

It is the main instrument in collecting data in survey research. Basically, it is a set of questions, often called items, which follow a fixed scheme in order to collect individual data about one or more specific topics.

It refers to the group of individuals who will participate in your study. They are the ones who will answer surveys or interviews. It is the specific group within a population that you will be collecting data from.

It pertains to the entire group that you want to draw conclusion about. It can mean a group containing elements of anything you want to study, such as objects, events, organizations, countries, species, organisms, etc.

It is any factor, trait, or condition that can be manipulated, controlled for, or measured in an experiment.

The systematic approach to resolve a research problem through data gathering using various techniques, providing an interpretation of data gathered, and drawing conclusions about the research data.

It provides an overview ofsources you have explored including books, scholarly articles, and any other sources relevant to a particular issue, area of research, or theory to demonstrate to your readers how your research fits within a larger field of study.

Any tool that you may use to collect or obtain data, measure data, and analyze data that is relevant to the subject of your research. The format may consist of questionnaires, surveys, interviews, checklists, simple tests.

The section of a research paper where the authors provide the data collected during their study.

Intended to help the readers understand why your research should matter to them after they have finished reading the paper.

The last page of a research paper that lists all the sources you need in your study. It gives credit to authors you have consulted for their ideas.

The section of a research paper whose purpose is to interpret and describe the significance of your findings in light of what was already known about the research problem being investigated. It explains new understanding or insights that emerged as a result of your study of the problem.

A short summary of your completed research. It is intended to describe your work without going into detail.

It serves as a space for materials that help clarify your research, but do not belong to the main text. This is where the researchers attach a copy of their research instrument such as interview transcripts, questionnaires, or surveys.