WorksheetsLecture 9: Gross Anatomy of Spinal Cord and Meninges
Total questions: 93
Worksheet time: 1hrs 11mins
a long, thin connection of neuron cell bodies, axons, and glial cells that begins and the brain and has a tapered ending in the low back
(a)
The spinal cord averages (a) feet long.
The spinal cord begins where the brain stem clears the foramen magnum.
True
False
The spinal cord typically ends at the IVD of L1 or L2.
True
False.
The spinal cord has (a) total segments.
The spinal cord has (a) cervical segments.
The spinal cord has (a) thoracic segments.
The spinal cord has (a) lumbar segments.
The spinal cord has (a) sacral segments.
The spinal cord has (a) coccygeal segment.
Individual spinal segments may not be seen per say, but mark the point of exit for individual (a) , which will form the spinal nerves.
Segments of the spinal cord end above the lumbar area.
True
False
There are (a) pairs of spinal nerves associated with each segment of the spinal cord.
The _________ has its cell bodies within the spinal cord.
dorsal root
ventral root
Which correctly pairs the spinal roots with their description?
Dorsal: has dorsal root ganglion, function is general sensation
Ventral: has ventral root ganglion, function is general sensatoin
Dorsal: has motor function
Ventral: has motor function
These carry sensory axons, which carry info to the spinal cord from the skin, muscles, and joints. They also carry motor information to muscles via the anterior and posterior primary rami.
(a)
Which correctly matches the branches of the posterior and anterior pimary rami of peripheral nerves to their function
Lateral: motor to muscles
Medial: motor to muscles
Medial: sensory to skin
Lateral: sensory to skin
Certain ______ primary rami peripheral nerves organize into distinct groupings called plexi.
Ventral
Dorsal
Lateral
Medial
Different nerve plexi are formed from different segments of the spinal cord.
True
False
The cervical plexus comes from segments ____ to _____ innervate the head and neck.
answer 1, answer 2
only use one letter and one number per answer
(a)
The brachial plexus comes from spinal cord segments ____ to _____ to innervate the upper limb.
answer 1, answer 2
only use one letter and one number per answer
(a)
The lumbosacral plexus comes from ___ to ____ to innervate the lower limb/hip.
answer 1, answer 2
only use one letter and one number per answer.
(a)
The lumbosacral plexus originates in spinal segment T12 for around 50% of people.
True
False
The coccygeal plexus comes from spinal cord segments: (choose all)
S4
S5
1st Coccygeal
S3
The (a) anterior primary rami do not form a plexus, but continue to form 11 pairs of intercostal nerves and one pair of subcostal nerves.
The 11 pairs of intercostal nerves come from spinal cord segments:
T1-T11
T1-T12
T12
The subcostal nerves come from spinal cord segment:
T12
T11
T1
The adult spinal cord ends at this structure
(a)
Nerve branches extending from the bottom of the conus medullaris
(a)
The spinal cord occupies the entire vertebral column.
True
False
The dura mater continues to (a) and has CSF (dural sac).
This spinal cord enlargement is the largest enlargement of this spinal cord occupies the 5th cervical through 1st thoracic segments of the spinal cord
(a)
The brachial plexus is derived from this portion of the spinal cord
dorsal primary rami
spinal accessory nerve CNXI
the cervical enlargement
the conus medullaris
This spinal cord enlargement occupies the 1st lumbar through 4th sacral segments of the spinal cord.
(a)
Which is derived from the smaller of the two enlargements of the spinal cord?
brachial plexus
lumbosacral plexus
coccygeal plexus
cervical plexus
The peripheral rootlet components of the lumbosacral plexus form the
(a)
This thin, ligamentous structure anchors the tip of the spinal cord (conus medullaris) to the coccyx.
(a)
The filium terminale is composed of
glial cells
pia mater
arachnoid
dura mater
a trilaminar fluid-filled "sac" which serves to protect and bouy the entire central nervous system
(a)
"tender mother"
innermost covering of the spinal cord
hugs spinal cord tightly and mingles with glial cells
has 2 pairs of denticulate ligaments
(a)
The pia mater has 21 pairs of ______________ that pass through the arachnoid membrane and attach the dura mater to the spinal cord.
denticulate ligaments
sulci
filium terminale
dermatomes
the intermediate covering of the spinal cord
"spider web", filmy
(a)
This is a fluid-filled space that is deep to the arachnoid and in between the arachnoid and pia mater. It is filled with cerebro-spinal fluid.
subarachnoid space
epidural space
anterior median sulcus
"tough mother"
external covering of spinal cord
thick and fibrous
overlies the subdural space between this meninge and the arachnoid
(a)
This space contains the basivertebral vein. It lies between the dura mater and the vertebral canal. It has a layer of fat that acts as a cushion to protect the spinal cord and meninges from trauma.
epidural space
subdural space
subarachnoid space
This portion of the spinal cord consists of myelinated axons and makes up the external part of the spinal cord
white matter
gray matter
This section of the spinal cord consists of neuron cell bodies and makes up the internally located "butterfly" of the spinal cord
white matter
gray matter
The central canal of the spinal cord is located in the
white matter
gray matter
Sluci and fissures are splits in the spinal cord.
true
false
This part of the spinal cord is leftover from the formation of the spinal cord in the embryo
spinal canal
vertebral canal
pia mater
central canal
The lateral horn and anterior horn supply
motor function
general sensation
The posterior horn supplies
motor function
general sensation
The 2 main splits in the spinal cord are
dorsal median sulcus
ventral median fissure
spinal canal
foramen magnum
Axons carrying sensory info to the spinal cord come from
dorsal roots/rootlets
ventral roots/rootlets
Neuron cell bodies for dorsal root axons are located in the dorsal root (a)
________________ roots have no ganglion.
ventral
dorsal
Dorsal and ventral roots join to form
(a)
Spinal nerves almost immediately split into
ventral and dorsal primary rami
dorsal root ganglia
the spinal canal
the lateral horn
Ventral roots contain ______ nerves.
motor
sensory
The subclavian artery turns into the vertebral artery just beneath which bone?
(a)
Which of the following supply the spinal cord?
2 vertebral arteries
2 dorsal spinal arteries
segmental feeder arteries
cauda equina arteries
lateral sacral arteries
These 2 arteries are derived from vertebral arteries and proceed down the posterior surface of the spinal cord to supply the posterior 1/3 of the spinal cord. They are paired together.
Dorsal spinal arteries
Ventral spinal arteries
axillary arteries
feeder arteries
These arteries are derived from vertebral arteries and descend the spinal cord in the anterior median fissure. They supply the anterior 2/3 of the spinal cord.
dorsal spinal arteries
ventral spinal arteries
vertebral arteries
cauda equina arteries
Which are larger?
dorsal spinal arteries
ventral spinal arteries
We would run out of blood supply without the feeder arteries of the spinal cord.
True
False
These are found at the intervertebral level and reinforce the anterior and posterior spinal arteries on each side.
segmental spinal arteries
intercostal arteries
greater anterior medullary artery of Adamkiewz
lateral sacral arteries
feed dorsal and ventral radicular arteries
posterior intercostal arteries
segmental spinal arteries
ventral spinal arteries
dorsal spinal arteries
Each segmental spinal artery divides into an anterior and posterior ___________________ artery, which join the anterior and posterior spinal arteries.
radicular
posterior intercostal
lateral sacral
cauda equina
Which are true of the greater anterior medullary artery of Adamkiewcz?
It is a unilateral artery
It arises between T8 and L1 (lower thoracic region)
It feeds the cauda equina and sacral arteries
It is one of the less important feeder arteries to the lumbar spinal cord
This plexus drains from the vertebral vein and is more complex than the posterior
(a)
What drain the spinal cord and vertebral column?
anterior venous plexus
posterior venous plexus
brachial plexus
This lies against the PLL.
anterior venous plexus
posterior venous plexus
Dermatomes are innervated by
sensory nerve fibers
motor nerve fibers
The area of the skin which is supplied by a single spinal cord segment
(a)
These dermatomes are formed by ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular divisions of the trigeminal nerve.
Therefore, they are not innervated by the spinal cord, but by cranial nerves.
facial
brachial
abdominal
thoracic
The anterior, lateral, and posterior funiculi are parts of the
white matter
gray matter
The back of the head and the only part of the face not innervated by cranial nerves are innervated by spinal nerve (a) .
Upper neck is innervated by spinal nerve (a) .
The area just above the clavicles in innervated by spinal nerve (a) .
The level of the clavicles is innervated by spinal nerve (a) .
The lateral parts on the upper limbs are innervated by spinal nerves ________.
C5
C6
C7
C4
The medial sides of the upper limbs are innervated by spinal nerves_____.
C8
T1
T2
C7
The thumb is innervated by spinal nerve (a) .
The hand is innervated by spinal nerves _______.
C6
C7
C8
T1
C5
The ring and little fingers are innervated by spinal nerve (a) .
The level of the umbilicus is innervated by spinal nerve (a) .
The inguinal or groin regions are innervated by spinal nerve (a) .
The anterior and inner surfaces of the lower limbs are innervated by spinal nerves ____.
L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
The foot is innervated by spinal nerves ____.
L4
L5
S1
S2
L3
The medial side of the left toe is innervated by spinal nerve (a) .
The posterior and outer surfaces of the lower limbs are innervated by spinal nerves ____.
S1
S2
L5
L4
The lateral margin of the foot and little toe are innervated by spinal nerve (a) .
The perineum is innervated by spinal nerves ____.
S2
S3
S4
S1
L5
