________________insects include the egg, larva, pupa, and adult.

________include fruit and shoot borer that causes damage by feeding on fruits, shoot and stem structures.

Damage characteristics: Newly hatched caterpillars crawl underside the leaf, penetrate the epidermis, and feed on the leaf tissue. Later instars feed on the underside of the leaf causing “windows” or holes right through it.

Identify the pest.

Identify the pest.

Identify the pest.

Damage characteristics: Larva mines and feeds on tissues of the leaves.

Sex pheromone: a substance generally produced by the male to attract females for the purposes of mating.

An effective rotation is one in which a crop of one plant family is followed by one from a different family that is not a host crop of the pest to be controlled.

Hand picking, bagging, and netting are examples of physical control.

Color________ pesticides are considered as moderately toxic.

Temporary or permanent drooping of leaves, shoots, or entire plants from lack of water

yellowing or whitening of normal green tissue due to partial or complete failure of chlorophyll to develop

Progressive browning and death of shoots, branches, and roots starting at the tips