WorksheetsHistory and Perspectives in Psychology
Total questions: 48
Worksheet time: 32mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Who is considered the "father of psychology" and began the first psychology lab?
a)
Wilhelm Wundt
b)
Wiliiam James
c)
Sigmund Freud
d)
Edward Titchener
2.
Which school of psychology would most likely have written a book titled The Whole is More than the Parts?
a)
Cognitive
b)
Gestalt
c)
Evolutionary
d)
Behavioral
3.
Who wrote the first psychology textbook, was the first American psychologist, and believed psychology should study the functions of consciousness?
a)
G. Stanley Hall
b)
John Watson
c)
William James
d)
Willhelm Wundt
4.
Which perspective believed psychology should only study observable and objectively described acts?
a)
Humanistic
b)
Behaviorism
c)
Functionalism
d)
Structuralism
5.
Which perspective believed psychology should emphasize the potential for growth of each human being and an individual’s freedom to make their own decisions?
a)
Biological
b)
Humanistic
c)
Psychodynamic
d)
Behavioral
6.
Who was Mary Whiton Calkins?
a)
First female president of APA
b)
First woman author of a psychology book
c)
First woman to receive a Ph. D. in psychology
d)
Wife of G. Stanley Hall
7.
Who was Margaret Floy Washburn?
a)
First female to receive a Ph. D. in psychology
b)
Studied with Mary Calkins at the APA
c)
Studied under Willhelm Wundt
d)
Used strenuous mental testing on humans
8.
Which psychological perspective focuses on how we think about information?
a)
Cognitive
b)
Behavioral
c)
Evolutionary
d)
Psychodynamic
9.
Which psychological perspective would be most interested in studying our brain structures & chemistry, genetics, glands, etc.?
a)
Biological
b)
Structuralism
c)
Functionalism
d)
Humanistic
10.
Which psychological perspective studies how the situation and our upbringing influence our behavior?
a)
Psychoanalysis
b)
Social-Cultural
c)
Behaviorism
d)
Functionalism
11.
Someone who feels as though one must achieve satisfaction of their base needs before moving forward is using which perspective?
a)
humanistic
b)
psychodynamic
c)
social-cultural
d)
biological
12.
In what perspective would you find a psychologist who explains your fear of heights through past childhood trauma?
a)
psychodynamic/psychoanalytic
b)
biological
c)
social-cultural
d)
behavioral
13.
Which perspective would suggest changing your physical location to concentrate more on a task?
a)
social-cultural
b)
cognitive
c)
humanistic
d)
behavioral
14.
What is the definition of psychology?
a)
Study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
b)
Study of behavior and logic
c)
Scientific study of behavior and mental processes
d)
Study of how how our influences affect us
15.
An imbalance of hormones can contribute to aggressive behavior.
a)
Biological perspective
b)
Psychodynamic perspective
c)
Humanistic perspective
d)
Cognitive perspective
16.
Which perspective would be most likely to state many of our behaviors have developed as a result of our species’ adaptation to the challenges of surviving across millennia?
a)
Behavioral
b)
Psychodynamic
c)
Sociocultural
d)
Evolutionary
17.
Titchener believed that psychology should study the basic elements of conscious experience and belonged to which school of thought?
a)
Behaviorism
b)
Functionalism
c)
Humanism
d)
Structuralism
18.
Who established the first psychology lab in the U.S. and was the first president of the APA?
a)
G. Stanley Hall
b)
Sigmud Freud
c)
WIlliam James
d)
Charles Darwin
19.
Dorothea Dix was an advocate for this group of people in society.
a)
prisoners
b)
the mentally ill
c)
the poor
d)
minorities
20.
His theory of natural selection formed the basis of what became Evolutionary Psychology.
a)
Karl Marx
b)
Sigmund Freud
c)
Charles Darwin
d)
G. Stanley Hall
21.
A correlation coefficient of 0.8 is a _______________ and suggests that as one variable ____________, the other variable ______________.
a)
strong positive | increases | increases
b)
weak positive | increases | increases
c)
strong positive | increases | decreases
d)
weak positive | increases | decreases
22.
Which correlation coefficient represents the strongest relationship between variables?
a)
-0.78
b)
0.67
c)
0.85
d)
-0.87
23.
Independent variable is to dependent variable as _________ is to ____________.
a)
hypothesis | conclusion
b)
effect | cause
c)
cause | effect.
d)
conclusion | hypothesis
24.
Which kind of study can establish a cause-effect relationship between variables, assuming that the research is appropriate and well conceived?
a)
survey
b)
case study
c)
correlational study
d)
experiment
25.
Which answer lists two measures of the spread of data around the mean?
a)
mode and median
b)
standard deviation and range
c)
inferential statistics and descriptive statistics
d)
scattergrams and boxplots
26.
The population in a research study is...
a)
the whole group of research interest.
b)
the smaller group that has been chosen from the group of research interest.
c)
exactly the same as the sample.
d)
always smaller than the sample.
27.
In a study of the Müller-Lyer illusion, it is found that Africans who have experienced non-angular housing are less easily tricked by the illusion than people in Western cities. Which answer is true?
a)
Cultural background is the dependent variable in this experiment.
b)
The Müller-Lyer illusion is the independent variable in this experiment.
c)
The degree to which the illusion is experienced is the independent variable in this experiment.
d)
Cultural background is the independent variable in this experiment.
28.
This research method is a descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles
a)
Case Study
b)
Survey
c)
Observational
d)
Correlational
e)
Experiments
29.
This research method is a technique for ascertaining the self – reported attitudes or behaviors of a particular group, usually by questioning a representative, random sample of the group.
a)
Survey
b)
Observational
c)
Correlational
d)
Experiments
e)
Case Study
30.
This is a method of research where the researcher carefully and systematically observes and records behavior without interfering
a)
Observational
b)
Correlational
c)
Experiments
d)
Case Study
e)
Survey
31.
This research method is a measure of the extent to which two variables change together, and thus of how well either variable predicts the other
a)
Correlational
b)
Experiments
c)
Case Study
d)
Survey
e)
Observational
32.
This is a method of research where an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable).
a)
Experiments
b)
Case Study
c)
Survey
d)
Observational
e)
Correlational
33.
The advantage of this descriptive method of research is that it yields a great deal of detailed descriptive information and they are very useful in forming a hypothesis
a)
Case Study
b)
Survey
c)
Observational
d)
Correlational
e)
Experiments
34.
The advantage of this descriptive method of research is that it creates an immense amount of data to be gathered quickly and inexpensively.
a)
Survey
b)
Observational
c)
Correlational
d)
Experiments
e)
Case Study
35.
The advantage of this method of research is that the behavior observed in the subject(s) natural environment to be more natural, spontaneous, and varied than that observed in a laboratory.
a)
Observational
b)
Correlational
c)
Experiments
d)
Case Study
e)
Survey
36.
The advantage of this method of research is that it can help to clarify relationships between variable that cannot be explained by other research methods, in other words- predictions.
a)
Correlational
b)
Experiments
c)
Case Study
d)
Survey
e)
Observational
37.
The disadvantage of this method of descriptive research is that the research may not be a representative sample of the general population and doesn’t yield reliable conclusions about behavior.
a)
Case Study
b)
Survey
c)
Observational
d)
Correlational
e)
Experiments
38.
The disadvantage of this method of descriptive research is that the data is limited to only answering the question(s) asked. These limitations lead to biases, ambiguous conclusions, and low participation rates among research populations.
a)
Survey
b)
Observational
c)
Correlational
d)
Experiments
e)
Case Study
39.
The disadvantage of this method of descriptive research is that it does not permit researchers to draw conclusions regarding cause-and-effect relationships
a)
Correlational
b)
Experiments
c)
Case Study
d)
Survey
e)
Observational
40.
The disadvantage of this method of descriptive research is the artificiality of the lab doesn’t lend itself to real unexpected results.
a)
Experiments
b)
Case Study
c)
Survey
d)
Observational
e)
Correlational
41.
Which measure of central tendency is obtained by adding all the scores and dividing that total by the number of scores?
a)
mode
b)
median
c)
mean
d)
range
42.
Scores pile up at the low end of the scale in
a)
a negatively skewed distribution
b)
a positively skewed distribution
c)
any skewed distribution
d)
a normal distribution
43.
The marketing agent for a professional sports franchise conducts a survey asking people how much they support the construction of a new sports stadium. Almost everyone who takes part in the survey indicates they are strongly in favor of a new stadium; there are just a few respondents who think a new stadium would be a bad idea. When the results from the survey are plotted in a histogram, the distribution will be
a)
positively skewed
b)
symmetrical
c)
impossible to predict without more information
d)
negatively skewed
44.
When scores are "bunched up"in the center of a distribution, the
a)
mean will be relatively low
b)
standard deviation will be relatively low
c)
correlation coefficiaent will be a negative number
d)
standard deviation will be relatively high
45.
The standard deviation
a)
indicates the average difference between each score in a group and the mean for that group of scores
b)
reveals the degree of skew for a a group of scores
c)
is sensitive to scores at the extremes of a distribution of scores
d)
is used to determine whether a data set is positively or negatively skewed
46.
The standard deviation
a)
indicates the average difference between each score in a group and the mean for that group of scores
b)
reveals the degree of skew for a a group of scores
c)
is sensitive to scores at the extremes of a distribution of scores
d)
is used to determine whether a data set is positively or negatively skewed
47.
The symmetric, bell shaped curve that represents the pattern in which many human characteristics are dispersed in the population is known as
a)
scatter plot
b)
normal distribution
c)
frequency polygon
d)
histogram
48.
Julia has an IQ of 130. If the mean for IQ is 100 with a standard deviation of 15, what percentage of the population has an IQ greater that Julia's (assume a normal distribution)?
a)
0 percent
b)
2.5 percent
c)
32 percent
d)
50 percent
100 %
