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Medical Micro 7: Urinary and Reproductive

Total questions: 87

Worksheet time: 51mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Function of the urinary system:

a)

maintain fluid levels in our body

b)

ensure survival of the species

c)

delivers oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other important substances to cells and organs in the body

d)

removes waste products from the blood and helps maintain homeostasis

2.

Who is more at risk of developing a UTI and why?

a)

Males - microflora more easily move to male urethra because the distance is much shorter

b)

Males - microflora more easily move to male urethra because the distance is much longer

c)

Females - microflora more easily move to male urethra because the distance is much shorter

d)

Females - microflora more easily move to male urethra because the distance is much longer

3.

Primary sex organs of the male reproductive system:

a)

testes

b)

epididymus

c)

vas deferens

d)

seminal vesicle

e)

prostate

4.

Secondary sex organs of the male reproductive system:

a)

testes

b)

epididymus

c)

vas deferens

d)

seminal vesicle

e)

prostate

5.

External sex organs of the male reproductive system:

a)

testes

b)

scrotum

c)

penis

6.

Primary sex organs of the female reproductive system:

a)

ovaries

b)

fallopian tubes

c)

uterus

d)

vagina

e)

vulva

7.

Secondary sex organs of the female reproductive system:

a)

cervix

b)

fallopian tubes

c)

uterus

d)

vagina

e)

vulva

8.

Normally sterile

a)

kidneys

b)

bladder

c)

ureters

d)

distal region of the female urethra

9.

May be colonized by a variety of bacterial species

a)

kidneys

b)

bladder

c)

ureters

d)

distal region of the female urethra

10.

Main resident bacteria of the male and female urethra (HINT: main skin microbiota):

a)

Corynebacterium

b)

Streptococcus

c)

Staphylococcus

d)

Bacteroides

e)

Prevotella

11.

Lesser degree of microbiota in the male and female urethra:

a)

Corynebacterium

b)

Streptococcus

c)

Peptostreptococcus

d)

Prevotella

e)

Porphyromonas

12.

_____'s urethra is about five times shorter, hence ascending infections into the bladder and kidneys are more frequent

a)

Male

b)

Female

13.

________ species thrive in the acidic pH of the vagina. They convert sugars to lactic acid which further contributes to the low pH.

a)

Streptococcus

b)

Staphylococcus

c)

Bacteroides

d)

Lactobacillus

14.

________ microbiome is susceptible to significant alterations (dysbiosis) that lead to several common infections

a)

Vagina

b)

Vulva

c)

Penis

d)

Scrotum

e)

Urethra

15.

Most common cause of UTIs

a)

S. pyogenes

b)

S. agalactiae

c)

E. coli

16.

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are characterized by the presence of a significant number of bacteria in the urinary tract.

a)

True

b)

False

17.

involve the urethra, bladder, prostate:

a)

Infections of the lower respiratory tract

b)

Infections of the upper respiratory tract

18.

Involve the kidneys

a)

Infections of the lower respiratory tract

b)

Infections of the upper respiratory tract

19.

inflammation of the urethra

a)

urethritis

b)

cystitis

c)

prostatitis

d)

pyelonephritis

20.

bacteria from the lower intestine and anus reach the vagina

a)

urethritis

b)

cystitis

c)

prostatitis

d)

pyelonephritis

21.

Urethritis commonly caused by:

a)

Neisseria meningitidis

b)

Streptococcus pneumonia

c)

Listeria Monocytogenes

d)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

e)

Chylamydia

22.

infection of the bladder

a)

urethritis

b)

cystitis

c)

prostatitis

d)

pyelonephritis

23.

More common in women:

a)

urethritis

b)

cystitis

c)

prostatitis

d)

pyelonephritis

24.

inflammation and infection of the prostate (men only)

a)

urethritis

b)

cystitis

c)

prostatitis

d)

pyelonephritis

25.

A UTI involving one or both kidneys

a)

urethritis

b)

cystitis

c)

prostatitis

d)

pyelonephritis

26.

back pain common symptom

a)

urethritis

b)

cystitis

c)

prostatitis

d)

pyelonephritis

27.

can lead to permanent damage of the kidneys or spread systemically (sepsis)

a)

urethritis

b)

cystitis

c)

prostatitis

d)

pyelonephritis

28.

Prostatitis can be classified into:

a)

acute bacterial prostatitis

b)

acute viral prostatitis

c)

chronic bacterial prostatitis

d)

chronic viral prostatitis

e)

latent prostatitis

29.

urethritis, cystitis, and prostatitis:

a)

Infections of the lower urinary tract

b)

Infections of the upper urinary tract

30.

pyelonephritis

a)

Infections of the lower urinary tract

b)

Infections of the upper urinary tract

31.

zoonotic disease affecting the kidneys and other tissues

a)

urethritis

b)

cystitis

c)

prostatitis

d)

pyelonephritis

e)

leptospirosis

32.

Causative agent of Leptospirosis:

a)

Neisseria meningitidis

b)

Leptospira interrogans

c)

Streptococcus pneumonia

d)

Listeria Monocytogenes

e)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

33.

Thin, aerobic, gram-negative, motile spirochete; hook at one end resembles a question (hence the name)

a)

Neisseria meningitidis

b)

Leptospira interrogans

c)

Streptococcus pneumonia

d)

Listeria Monocytogenes

e)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

34.

Enters host through mucous membranes of eyes, nose, and mouth, or through abrasions on the feet

a)

urethritis

b)

cystitis

c)

prostatitis

d)

pyelonephritis

e)

leptospirosis

35.

Severe form of leptospirosis - meningitis, liver, lung, and kidney damage

a)

Weil syndrome

b)

Guille syndrome

c)

Leptospirosis syndrome

d)

Renal syndrome

36.

Treatment for leptospirosis:

a)

Amoxicillin

b)

Doxycycline

c)

Penicillin

37.

Causative agent of Bacterial Vaginosis:

a)

G. vaginalis rods

b)

C. abicans

38.

Causative agent of Vaginal Candidiasis:

a)

G. vaginalis rods

b)

C. abicans

39.

Most common vaginal infection in women of child-bearing age

a)

Bacterial vaginosis

b)

Vaginal candidiasis

40.

Bacterial Vaginosis shows a decreased number or absence of

a)

Lactobacilli

b)

Gardnerella vaginalis

c)

Prevotella

d)

Mobiluncus

41.

Bacterial vaginosis shows an increase in:

a)

Lactobacilli

b)

Gardnerella vaginalis

c)

Prevotella

d)

Mobiluncus

42.

KEY CHANGES in Bacterial Vaginosis

a)

Dysbosis

b)

Production of volatile amines

c)

pH > 4.5

d)

white thick discharge

43.

Treatment options for Bacterial vaginosis:

a)

oral or topical metronidazole

b)

oral or topical clindamycin

c)

topical nystatin

d)

topical clotrimazole

e)

oral fluconazole

44.

Treatment options for Vaginal Candidiasis

a)

oral or topical metronidazole

b)

oral or topical clindamycin

c)

topical nystatin

d)

topical clotrimazole

e)

oral fluconazole

45.

Vaginal candidiasis is caused by a naturally occurring fungus of the vaginal microbiota

a)

True

b)

False

46.

Specific symptoms include itching and a white thick discharge, because it is an inflammation:

a)

Bacterial vaginosis

b)

Vaginal candidiasis

47.

Preventing Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is a primary reason for treating these STDs, especially in women.

a)

True

b)

False

48.

Most frequently reported STD

a)

Chlamydia

b)

Gonorrhea

c)

Pelvic inflammatory disease

49.

One of several diseases known as non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU)

a)

Chlamydia

b)

Gonorrhea

c)

Pelvic inflammatory disease

50.

C. trachomatis:

a)

is obligate

b)

is an intracellular parasite

c)

is an extracellular parasite

d)

life cycle has 2 phases

e)

life cycle has 4 phases

51.

Life cycle phase of C. trachomatis that is non-replicating, extracellular, and infectious:

a)

Elementary Body (EB)

b)

Reticulate Body (RB)

52.

Life cycle phase of C. trachomatis that is replicating, intracellular, non-infectious:

a)

Elementary Body (EB)

b)

Reticulate Body (RB)

53.

silent disease; 85-90% of infected individuals are asymptomatic

a)

Chlamydia

b)

Gonorrhea

c)

Pelvic inflammatory disease

54.

Transmission: sexual contact or newborn during birth

a)

Chlamydia

b)

Gonorrhea

c)

Pelvic inflammatory disease

55.

Treatment for chlamydia

a)

Tetracyclines (doxycycline)

b)

Macrolides (azithromycin)

c)

Steroids (prednisone)

56.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae:

a)

gram-negative

b)

gram-positive

c)

diplococcus

d)

rods

e)

nonencapsulated, nonmotile

57.

This disease has antibiotic resistance so treatment is high dose ceftriaxone IM x 1 dose:

a)

Chlamydia

b)

Gonorrhea

c)

Pelvic inflammatory disease

58.

In females, gonorrhea can spread to the fallopian tubes and cause:

a)

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

b)

possible sterility

c)

ectopic pregnancy

d)

salpingitis

e)

gonococcal ophthalmia

59.

Possible causative agents of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID):

a)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

b)

Chlamydia trachomatis

c)

Lactobacillus

d)

anaerobes

e)

aerobes

60.

infection of uterine tubes

a)

cystitis

b)

prostatitis

c)

pyelonephritis

d)

salpingitis

61.

Symptom: chronic abdominal pain (pain during or after menses is particularly suggestive)

a)

cystitis

b)

prostatitis

c)

pyelonephritis

d)

salpingitis

62.

Syphilis is caused by _________, a spirochete for which humans are the only host.

a)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

b)

Chlamydia trachomatis

c)

Treponema palladium

d)

Lactobacillus

63.

Diagnosis to syphilis includes:

a)

observation of spirochetes by microscopy

b)

gram staining

c)

blood count

d)

rapid plasma regain (RPR)

e)

T. pallidum enzyme immunoassay (TP-EIA)

64.

characterized by a lesion (chancre) where the bacteria entered the body

a)

primary syphilis

b)

secondary syphilis

c)

chronic latent stage

d)

tertiary syphilis

e)

congenital syphilis

65.

occurs when the spirochete spreads through the blood and lymph to other body organs

a)

primary syphilis

b)

secondary syphilis

c)

chronic late stage

d)

tertiary

e)

congenital

66.

Sores (chancres) in _______ syphilis are ________.

a)

primary and secondary; infectious

b)

primary and secondary; non-infectious

c)

tertiary; infectious

d)

tertiary; non-infectious

67.

3-30 years follows in which relapses of secondary syphilis occur (infectious at this point)

a)

primary syphilis

b)

secondary syphilis

c)

chronic late stage

d)

tertiary syphilis

e)

congenital syphilis

68.

involves formation of gummas that can cause weakening/bursting of blood vessels, degeneration of spinal cord tissues, brain damage leading to personality and judgment changes and insanity:

a)

primary syphilis

b)

secondary syphilis

c)

late chronic stage

d)

tertiary syphilis

e)

congenital syphilis

69.

Gumma in ____________ syphilis are _______.

a)

primary and secondary; infectious

b)

primary and secondary; non-infectious

c)

tertiary; infectious

d)

tertiary; non-infectious

70.

can occur in the fetus of a pregnant woman, leading to stillbirth or Hutchinson's triad:

a)

primary syphilis

b)

secondary syphilis

c)

late chronic stage

d)

tertiary syphilis

e)

congenital syphilis

71.

Hutchinson's traid includes:

a)

deafness

b)

blindness

c)

impaired vision

d)

notched, peg-shaped teeth

e)

small upper lip

72.

Treatment of syphilis:

a)

Benzathine Penicillin G 2.4 million units IM x 1 dose

b)

Benzathine Penicillin G 2.4 million units IM x 3 doses separated by 1 week

c)

Aqueous Penicillin G 20 million units IV continuous infusion daily x 10 days

d)

Aqueous Penicillin G 24 million units IM daily x 3 doses

73.

cold sores

a)

HSV-1

b)

HSV-2

74.

infection of the genitals

a)

HSV-1

b)

HSV-2

75.

Signs of primary infection of herpes viruses

a)

Itching or throbbing in the genital area

b)

Reddening and appearance of blisters

c)

Blisters crust over and disappear after 3 weeks

d)

Skin rash

e)

Swollen lymph nodes

76.

HSV-2 can go into latency and recur

a)

True

b)

False

77.

HPV can predispose people to cancer

a)

True

b)

False

78.

Frothy, greenish vaginal discharge with a "musty" malodorous smell is characteristic:

a)

HSV-1

b)

HSV-2

c)

HPV

d)

Trichomoniasis

79.

Transmission usually occurs via direct, skin-to-skin contact with an infected individual, most often through vaginal discourse:

a)

HPV

b)

Trichomoniasis

80.

Parasitic protozoan, exists in only one morphological stages, causes this disease:

a)

HPV

b)

Trichomoniasis

81.

Vaccine for HPV that works against multiple serotypes

a)

DTaP

b)

Shingrix

c)

Menevo

d)

Gardasil 9

82.

Transmitted via oral, vaginal, or anal sex

a)

HPV

b)

Trichomoniasis

83.

Genital warts (condylomata) are caused primarily by

a)

HPV 6

b)

HPV 11

c)

HPV 16

d)

HPV 18

84.

HPV types _____ cause 70% of cervical cancer

a)

6

b)

11

c)

16

d)

18

85.

HPV serotypes are also associated with cancer of the _____

a)

anus

b)

vagina/vulva

c)

penis

d)

mouth/throat

e)

cervical

86.

How would scarring lead to infertility?

a)

Scarring increases the risk of contracting gonorrhea

b)

Scarring can block the fallopian tubes and result in infertility or an ectopic pregnancy

c)

Scarring allows bacteria of the normal flora to adhered to fallopian tubes and results in atrophy of the tubes

87.

What are inclusion bodies?

a)

Structures within the bacteria that are useful in diagnosis of the infection

b)

Invaginations of the fallopian tube mucosa caused by Chlamydia infection

c)

The structure within which the development cycle of Chlamydia occurs

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