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WorksheetsHypertension and Kidney Disease
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 10mins
What is "normal" blood pressure
120/110 mmHg
120/80 mmHg
100/80 mmHg
140/80 mmHg
A diastolic pressure of 80 - 89
normal blood pressure
prehypertension
hypertension stage 1
hypertension stage 2
A primary hypertension/ or essential hypertension is caused by:
Medications such as pain relievers
Diseases such as obesity and kidney disease
Diabetes
no known cause
A patient is being treated with furosemide, a loop diuretic, for her blood pressure. Furosemide works by inhibiting the transport system of the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. Which of the following is most inhibited by this drug?
Na+–K+–2Cl– symporters
Na+-Glucose symporter
Na+-H+ symporter
Na+-H+ antiporter
Systemic hypertension leads to kidney injury by affecting renal------------- leading to chronic kidney disease
vasculature
glomerulus
interstitium
tubule
all of the above
The progression timeline of CKD as a result of systemic hypertension is as follows:
Arteriolar sclerosis- Glomerulosclerosis- Tubular atrophy- Interstitial fibrosis
Onset phase- Oliguric (anuric) phase- Diuretic phase- Recovery phase
None of the above
Both answers are correct
This image demonstrates the histology of hypertensive kidney disease. Choose the correct answer/ answers
Lesion A is glomerular collapse
Lesion B is arteriolar sclerosis
Lesion A is arteriolar sclerosis
Lesion B is tubular atrophy
Hypertension is present in ---------- of stage 4-5 CKD patients.
23.3%
35.8%
84.1%
59.9%
Blood pressure in CKD patients may be affected by the following factor (s).
Autoregulation
K
Parasympathetic system
Humoral systems
The pathogenesis of hypertension varies with the type of disease; glomerular versus -------- and acute versus -------.
(a)
The following is true as regard the pathogenesis of hypertension in acute glomerular disease. (1 or more answer)
It results from dehydration, stimulation of RAAS and diminished release of ANP.
It results from fluid overload
It results from Na retention as a result of its enhanced reabsorption at the collecting duct.
Relative resistance of the collecting tubule to ANP.
Decreased activity of the Na-K-ATPase pump at the collecting tubule.
The following statement (s) is/are true.
Hypertension is common is vasculitis and scleroderma renal crisis.
In acute vascular disease, hypertension results from suppression of the RAAS.
In acute vascular disease, hypertension results from ischemia- induced activation of the RAAS.
The difference in the mechanism of hypertension between glomerular and vascular disease may be of therapeutic importance.
Hypertension in CKD patients may result from:
A reduction in endothelium derived vasodilators e.g nitric oxide.
The administration of erythropoietin.
An increase in intracellular calcium induced by PTH excess.
Calcification of the arterial tree.
All of the above.
Hypertension following renal transplantation may be due to ..(1 or more answer).
Hyperlipidemia
Donor hypertension
Hepatitis C virus
Renal artery stenosis
Graft dysfunction
The following is true as regard the treatment of hypertension in renal disease (1 or more answers).
There is no role for non-pharmacological therapy in renal disease patients with hypertension.
Angiotensin receptor blockers are drugs of choice in treating CKD patients with DM, hypertension and proteinuria.
Combining ACEI and ARBS are considered best antihypertensive therapy for stage 4 CKD patients.
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is of prognostic value in CKD patients.
Which of the following statements about angiotensin II is false?
It causes vasoconstriction of the efferent arteriole
It increases the amount of albumin filtered by the glomeruli
It is increased in renal acidosis
It increases aldosterone production
It is reduced in people with DM
Furosemide acts on which part of the nephron?
Proximal tubule
Descending limn of the loop of Henle
Ascending limb of the loop of Henle
Distal tubule
Collecting duct
When the concentration of ADH increases,
more urine is produced
more salt is secreted by the nephron
less urine is produced
less water is reabsorbed by the nephron and collecting duct
the specific gravity of the urine decreases
How is Na+ reabsorbed?
by receptor-mediated endocytosis
by osmosis
by active transport using ATP
by diffusion
by facilitated diffusion
