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WorksheetsNAO Volume 1 Chapter 1 Ocular Anatomy & Light Principles
Total questions: 50
Worksheet time: 25mins
This refractive condition occurs in both eyes and is where both eyes have the same refractive error, but the dioptric powers are significantly different. Ex Right eye -1.00 Left eye -4.00
Amblyopia
Diplopia
Nystagmus
Anisometropia
_ is an involuntary, rapid movement of the eye.
Diplopia
Anisometropia
Nystagmus
Amblyopia
Opticians use _ lenses to correct astigmatism.
Concave
Cylindrical
Convex
spherical
Hyperopia is a refractive error that is caused by
The cornea and crystalline lens cannot refract light adequately
The eyeball is too flat
The eyeball is too short
All of these
Opticians use _ lenses to correct myopia
Concave
Convex
Cylindrical
Toric
How fast does light travel?
186,000 miles per minute
186,000 miles per second
206,000 miles per minute
925,600 miles per minute
The cornea has an index of refraction of
1.523
1.498
1.37
I don’t know, go ask your dad
Which answer is not true about the Stroma?
Composed of fibers that give the cornea strength and flexibility
Once destroyed, cells are lost forever
The middle layer of the cornea
Accounts for 90% of the cornea’s thickness
The five layers of the cornea in order from outer to inner are:
Endothelium, Stroma, Descemet’s Membrane, Bowman’s Membrane, and Epithelium
Stroma, Endothelium, Epithelium, Descemet’s Membrane, and Bowman’s membrane
Epithelium, Descemet’s Membrane, Stroma, Bowman’s Membrane, and Endothelium
Epithelium, Bowman’s Membrane, Stroma, Descemet’s Membrane, and Endothelium
The Lipid layer of the tear film
Prevents the evaporation of the aqueous layer underneath
The thickest layer of the tear film
Helps the aqueous layer to spread evenly over the eye
Contains water, salts, and proteins
The three layers of the tear film are
Lipid, Aqueous, and Mucin
Lipid, Mucin, and Vitreous
Aqueous, Vitreous, and Mucin
Lipid, Vitreous, and Aqueous
Which answer is not part of the external structure of the eye?
Orbit
Ocular muscles
Globe
Eyelids
All of them are
The Superior Rectus moves the eye
Up and in
Up and out
Down and in
Down and out
The inferior rectus moves the eye
Up and in
Up and out
Down and in
Down and out
Which muscle moves the eye in toward the nose?
Inferior oblique
Internal rectus
External rectus
Superior oblique
The _ covers the majority of the eye, providing structure and protection.
Sclera
Retina
Iris
Conjunctiva
The _ is the area between the iris/pupil and the crystalline lens with a refractive index of 1.33.
Anterior chamber
Vitreous chamber
Posterior chamber
Optic nerve
In the visible light spectrum, which ray has the longest wavelength?
Red
Orange
Violet
Green
_ is considered normal vision and requires no corrective lenses.
Emmetropia
Ametropia
Tropia
Amblyopia
An infection commonly known as pink eye
Corneal ulcer
Keratoconus
Conjunctivitis
Glaucoma
This condition affects the retina and is caused by increased intraocular pressure
Glaucoma
Conjunctivitis
Macular degeneration
Cataract
Opacities form on the crystalline lens that obstruct and scatter light in this condition.
Keratoconus
Color blindness
Scotoma
Cataract
When one set of light rays focuses behind the retina and another set focuses in front of the retina
Compound astigmatism
Hyperopic astigmatism
Mixed astigmatism
Simple hyperopic astigmatism
When one set of light rays focuses on the retina and the other behind or in front of the retina
Simple astigmatism
Compound astigmatism
Mixed astigmatism
Compound hyperopic astigmatism
The _ is located in the center of the retina and is responsible for central vision.
Cones
Rods
Scotoma
Macula
The 3 layers of the eyeball are
Sclera, choroid, and retina
Iris, choroid, and retina
None of the above
_ of all sense receptors are in the eye
None
10%
70%
100%
The cornea is associated with which layer of the eye?
Sclera
Choroid
Retina
Iris
This area of the retina that has the most acute vision is the:
Sclera
Choroid
Fovea centralis
Iris
The _ is the opening where light enters the eye.
Iris
Choroid
Sclera
Pupil
The _ is made up of tiny muscle fibers that control the opening for light to come in.
Iris
Lens
Cornea
Retina
The _ has millions of nerve endings called photoreceptors.
Iris
Cornea
Cornea
Retina
The optic disc has no photoreceptors of its own, so is called the __.
Dead zone
Endothermic layer
Lacrimal gland
Blind spot
Rods and cones:
Are photoreceptors
See black and white and color respectively
Number 250 in the retina
All of the above
None of the above
The _ sends some fluid across the eye to keep it moist.
Eye lashes
Lacrimal gland
Sclera
Cornea
What is the main function of the orbit?
Regulates incoming light
Moistens the eye
Protects the eye and provides the structure for the attachment of the ocular muscles
Flushes away debris
The Superior Oblique muscle moves the eye
Out and toward the ear
Up and out
Down and out
Down and in
Which of the following is true about dry eye syndrome?
Caused by a tear deficiency due to poor production of tears
Some medications can interfere with tear production
It is an abnormality in the production of mucus or lipids normally found in the tear film
All of the above are true
None of the above are true
Which of the following is true about Cones?
They are in the center of the retina and surrounds the fovea.
They function best in bright light and allow us to see color
They are photoreceptors responsible for peripheral and night vision
They are made up of connective tissue about 1mm thick
The crystalline lens
Has a refractive index of 1.33
Is the area where light rays enter the eye
Is the semi-solid, normally transparent body held in place behind the pupil by small fibers
Is the clear window that covers the iris and pupil
The part of the eye that transports the image, projected onto the retina, to the brain that makes sight possible is called the _.
Cornea
Optic nerve
Crystalline lens
Pupil
How many layers does the Cornea have?
Five
Six
Seven
Eight
How many muscles does the eye have?
Five
Six
Seven
Eight
Which ray has the shortest wavelength in the visible spectrum?
Red
Orange
Blue
Violet
Which layer of the tear film is the thickest layer that contains water, salts, and proteins required to maintain the health of the cornea?
The lipid layer
The oil layer
The mucinex layer
The mucin layer
The aqueous layer
Which layer of the tear film is the thinnest layer that helps the aqueous layer to spread evenly over the eye?
The mucinex layer
The mucin layer
The aqueous layer
The lipid or oil layer
What is linked to the development of macular degeneration?
High energy boundaries (HEB) light
High energy visible (HEV) light
Hostile electromagnetic variable (HEV) light
Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) light
What is another word for near-sightedness?
Hyperopia
Hypopia
Myopia
Astigmatism
What refractive error is corrected by a concave lens?
Presbyopia
Hyperopia
Hypertension
Myopia
What refractive error is corrected by a convex lens?
Myopia
Presbyopia
Hyperopia
Astigmatism
