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The work of the sea

Total questions: 100

Worksheet time: 2hrs 6mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Identify the landform type.

a)

Sea Stack

b)

Sea Stump

c)

Arch

d)

Bay

2.
What is swash?
a)
Water that runs back into the ocean.
b)
Water that falls forward and moves up the shore.
c)
Tug of war between the drag of the wind and pull of gravity.
d)
Swirling of water in an area.
3.
Which of these coastal landforms is created by erosion?
a)
Cave
b)
Tombolo
c)
Beach
d)
Spit
4.
What is this
a)
Sea cave
b)
Sea stack
c)
Sea arch
d)
Headland
5.
What is this?
a)
Beach
b)
Sea cave
c)
Headland
d)
Barrier Island
6.
What is this landform?
a)
mountain
b)
glacier
c)
bay
d)
canyon
7.
I transport material along a beach. What am I.
a)
Longshore Drift
b)
Longshape Drift
c)
Longnose Drift
d)
Longway drift
8.
This is a 
a)
Stack
b)
Arch
c)
Wave cut platform
d)
Blowhole
9.
This is
a)
Longshore Drift
b)
Nearshore currents
c)
Attrition
d)
Undertow
10.
What coastal defence can be seen in this image?
a)
Groyne
b)
Sea wall
c)
Gabions
d)
Revetments
11.

____________ happens when wave energy is low.

a)

Erosion

b)

Transportation

c)

Deposition

12.

The diagram shows the process of longshore drift. Why do the wave swashes approach the beach at an angle?

a)

Gravity

b)

Wind direction

c)

The moon

13.

This is an example of a (a)   .

14.

What is coastal deposition?

a)

When the sea wears away the land

b)

When the sea moves sand or pebbles from one place to another

c)

When the sea drops sand or pebbles onto the land

d)

When the government builds defences to protect the land

15.

Which 3 of these landforms are created by coastal deposition?

a)

Bars

b)

Stacks

c)

Spits

d)

Wave-cut platforms

e)

Beaches

16.

A _______ is a long, narrow finger of sand or shingle jutting out into the sea from the land.

a)

Beach

b)

Sand dune

c)

Spit

d)

Bar

17.

When waves drop sand on the beach, it is...

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

18.

What process(es) is responsible for creating an arch?

a)

Weathering and erosion

b)

Deposition

c)

Water

d)

Erosion and deposition

19.

Common occupation of the people living on the coastal plains is

a)

Desert Safari

b)

Fishing

20.
What is Erosion?
a)
When waves lose energy and leave sediments / sand along a coast.
b)
The wearing away of land, removal of beach rocks/sand by water or wind.
c)
An area of land that smells different to other places.
d)
An area that has a lot of wind.
21.
What is Deposition?
a)
When waves lose energy and leave sediments / sand along a coast.
b)
The wearing away of land, removal of beach rocks/sand by water or wind.
c)
An area of land that smells different to other places.
d)
An area that has a lot of wind.
22.
Which of these coastal landforms are created by deposition?
a)
Cave
b)
Stack
c)
Beach
d)
Wave cut platform
23.
Which of these coastal landforms is created by erosion?
a)
Cave
b)
Tombolo
c)
Beach
d)
Spit
24.
What type of landform are the 12 Apostles?
a)
Wave cut platform
b)
Arch
c)
Stack
d)
Cave
25.
What type of Landform do you think London Bridge in Port Campbell would be?
a)
Stack
b)
Tombolo
c)
Arch
d)
Headland
26.
What is the first stage of a stack forming from a head land?
a)
Cracks erode to form a cave.
b)
Hydraulic action creates small cracks in the headland/cliff face.
c)
The cave becomes wider and deeper.
d)
The waves cut through the cave and form an arch.
27.
What is the most advanced stage of erosion of a headland?
a)
Cracks erode further to create a cave.
b)
The roof of an arch becomes too heavy and collapses.
c)
The cave becomes wider and deeper.
d)
The waves cut through the cave and form an arch.
28.
What is the erosional process in which rocks are pushed by waves up against the headland, eroding the cliff face further?
a)
Hydraulic action.
b)
Abrasion.
c)
Attrition.
d)
Solution.
29.
What is swash?
a)
Water that runs back into the ocean.
b)
Water that falls forward and moves up the shore.
c)
Tug of war between the drag of the wind and pull of gravity.
d)
Swirling of water in an area.
30.
What is backwash?
a)
Water that runs back into the ocean.
b)
Water that falls forward and moves up the shore.
c)
Tug of war between the drag of the wind and pull of gravity.
d)
Swirling of water in an area.
31.
What are destructive waves?
a)
Waves that are tall and frequent, crashing into shoreline, digging out chunks.
b)
Long and low waves, beginning far out in the sea, with a smooth gentle landing.
c)
The circular movement caused by wind and gravity fighting.
d)
When people wave their hand to aggresively destroy things.
32.
What are constructive waves?
a)
Waves that are tall and frequent, crashing into shoreline, digging out chunks.
b)
Long and low waves, beginning far out in the sea, with a smooth gentle landing.
c)
The circular movement caused by wind and gravity fighting.
d)
When people wave their hand to aggresively destroy things.
33.
What am I? I start far out to sea and land on the shore smoothly and gently.
a)
A deconstructive wave.
b)
A constructive wave.
c)
A pirate.
34.
What am I? I have a very strong backwash which removes material from the beach.
a)
A deconstructive wave.
b)
A constructive wave.
c)
The local council.
35.
What would be the best thing to help preserve a sand dune?
a)
Put a sign up telling people to stop stealing stand.
b)
Build a sea wall.
c)
Beach reprofiling.
d)
Plant vegetation on the sand dune to hold it in place.
36.

Select the odd one out

a)

Sand dune

b)

Spit

c)

Tombolo

d)

Wave cut platform

37.

Name the erosional coastal landform

(a)  

38.

Select the odd one out

a)

Traction

b)

Saltation

c)

Abrasion

d)

Suspension

39.

Constructive waves are low in height, have a long wave length and a stronger backwash

a)

True

b)

False

40.

Identify the coastal landform

a)

Tombolo

b)

Bar

c)

Spit

d)

Sand dune

41.

_______ can either form a beach by depositing sand or destroy a beach by eroding the sand.

a)

waves

b)

currents

c)

tides

d)

all of these

42.
During a hurricane, what affect can the ocean have on the beach? 
a)
Only the rain from a hurricane affects the land.
b)
The ocean can wash away much of the beach in a short time.
c)
The ocean always cleans litter from the beach during a hurricane.
d)
Only the wind from a hurricane affects the land.
43.

Which process change Earth's surface.

a)

Erosion

b)

Deposition

c)

all above

44.

Sea caves are coastal landform made by

a)

Erosion

b)

Deposition

45.
Which erodes quicker?
a)
Hard rock
b)
Soft rock
46.
What is the first stage in a stack formation?
a)
Arch is formed
b)
Cave is formed
c)
Line of weakness in rock
d)
Stump is formed
47.

Waves are generated by

a)

wind blowing over water

b)

sun blowing on the sea

c)

tidal movements

d)

rotation of the Earth

48.

A _______ is a long, narrow finger of sand or shingle jutting out into the sea from the land.

a)

Beach

b)

Sand dune

c)

Spit

d)

Bar

49.

A process such as longshore drift is not a landform.

a)

True

b)

False

50.

When waves drop sand on the beach, it is...

a)

Weathering

b)

Erosion

c)

Deposition

51.

What is responsible for creating sand dunes?

a)

Water

b)

Wind

c)

Ice

52.

What is called when sand moves by jumps and bounces?

a)

Saltation

b)

Sediment

c)

Erosion

d)

Slip face

53.

What is the colour change in a sand dune succession?

a)

green, grey, brown

b)

yellow, green, grey

c)

yellow, green, brown

d)

yellow, grey, brown

54.

What process(es) is responsible for creating an arch?

a)

Weathering and erosion

b)

Deposition

c)

Water

d)

Erosion and deposition

55.

A ________ is a place where the land meets the ocean and sea.

a)

bay

b)

coast

c)

lagoon

56.

Identify this coastal landform.

a)

sea

b)

lagoon

c)

bay

d)

shore

57.

Which of the following features is NOT formed by wave erosion?

a)

cave

b)

cliff

c)

spit

d)

stack

58.

Select the response which lists the features in the order that they are formed.

a)

arch , cave , stack

b)

cave , arch , stack

c)

cave , stack , arch

d)

stack , arch , cave

59.

Why might a bay form?

a)

On a discordant coastline the softer rock will be rapidly eroded away, leaving the harder rock to form headlands

b)

On a concordant coastline weaknesses allow the water to work its way in and eventually erode a large area

c)

A collapsed volcanic crater is flooded leaving a sheltered area

d)

Former river valleys are flooded and form ports that gradually turn into bays

60.

How are sand dunes formed?

a)

The sea pushes the sand into hills

b)

The wind blows the sand into hills

c)

They are man made

d)

Rivers push the sand into hills

61.

Why does the sea deposit sediment?

a)

It runs out of coastline

b)

It loses energy

c)

There is a change in rock type

62.

Which of the below transportation processes describes traction?

a)

Minerals dissolve in the water

b)

Large boulders are rolled along the seabed by waves

c)

Sand sized particles bounce along the seabed in a ‘leap frog’ movement

d)

Small particles are carried along within the water flow

63.

What causes waves?

a)

Magnetic pull of the Earth

b)

Gravity

c)

Wind

d)

Rocks

64.

What are the characteristics of a constructive wave?

a)

Weak swash and strong backwash

b)

Strong swash and weak backwash

c)

Weak swash and weak backwash

d)

Strong swash and strong backwash

65.

Which type of wave removes sediment from a beach?

a)

Constructive

b)

Destructive

66.

Erosion has created the following land form

a)

Runnel

b)

Spit

c)

Arch

d)

Headland

67.

Attrition describes the process of

a)

When a hard rock grinds a softer rock into sand particles

b)

Fish grinding rocks with their teeth

c)

Sand being moved along the coastline

d)

Wave energy rubbing rocks against each other

68.

These rocks are likely to be a result of..

a)

solution

b)

attrition

c)

abrasion

d)

hydraulic action

69.

Constructive waves have strong backwash and weak swash

a)

True

b)

False

70.

What is this erosional feature?

a)

Canyon

b)

Lagoon

c)

Bay

d)

Wave cut platform

71.

Identify the landform in this photo

a)

Sea cave

b)

Sea Spit

c)

Sand Bar

d)

Tombolo

72.

Which of the following geographical term means the wind which predominantly blows over a period of time?

a)

Wind speed

b)

Monsoon

c)

Prevailing wind

d)

Fetch

73.

Which of the following is NOT a type of coastal erosional processes?

a)

Solution

b)

Saltation

c)

Hydraulic Action

d)

Attrition

74.

The strength of the wave is dependent on ... (click all suitable options.)

a)

wave direction

b)

wind speed

c)

fetch

d)

wind duration

75.

The process when rock particles knock against the base of the cliff causing parts of the cliff to breakdown.

a)

Attrition

b)

Solution

c)

Hydraulic Action

d)

Abrasion

76.

Air is trapped the cracks of cliffs by the force incoming waves. The pressure buildup causes the joints to weaken and rocks to shatter.

a)

Abrasion

b)

Attrition

c)

Hydraulic Action

d)

Solution

77.

Define the term "erosion"

a)

The destruction of a coastline

b)

The build up of minerals and sand

c)

The wearing away and breakdown of rocks and material

d)

Forming landforms

78.

During longshore drift the swash is pushed up the beach by

a)

the fetch

b)

the waves

c)

the prevailing wind

d)

gravity

79.

Groynes are used to..

a)

Stop people coming on to the beach

b)

Stop erosion

c)

Stop the movement of material by longshore drift

d)

To stop people leaving their boats there

80.

Beaches are

a)

places where sediment is stable and unchanging.

b)

permanent coastal features.

c)

places along the coast where sediment is reworked and deposited.

d)

always composed of sand.

81.
This beach is the result of
a)
Destructive waves
b)
Constructive waves
c)
Longshore drift
d)
Erosion
82.

Bays are created by:

a)

Deposition

b)

Erosion

c)

Weathering

d)

Transportation

83.
a)

Atoll

b)

Isthmus

c)

Island

d)

Beach

84.

Name this erosional coastal landform

a)

Cliff

b)

Stump

c)

Cave

d)

Bay

e)

Headland

85.

Select all erosional landforms that are typically formed within a headland

a)

Cliff

b)

Blowhole

c)

Wavecut platform

d)

Cave

e)

Arch

86.

Name this erosional coastal landform

a)

Geo

b)

Blowhole

c)

Headland

d)

Cliff

87.

What differentiates between a stack and a stump?

a)

A stump is shorter than a stack

b)

A stump can be covered at high tide

c)

A stack is made of more resistant rock

d)

A stack was never a stump, but a stump was always a stack

88.

Name this erosional coastal landform

a)

Bay

b)

Stump

c)

Headland

d)

Cliff

e)

Wavecut platform

89.
Continual swash and backwash transports material sideways along the coast. This movement of material is called longshore drift and occurs in a zigzag.
a)
true
b)
false 
90.
These groups all have an interest in coastal processes: 
local residents
environmental groups
local councils
national governments
tourist boards
a)
True 
b)
False 
91.

Which of these processes is not a mass movement?

a)

Slump

b)

Abrasion

c)

Rockfall

d)

Slide

92.

Which of the following is not a characteristic of a destructive wave?

a)

Strong backwash

b)

Low frequency

c)

Steep wave

d)

Cause erosion

93.

Which terms would you associate with the process longshore drift? Tick all that apply.

a)

Prevailing wind

b)

Swash

c)

Backwash

d)

Abrasion

94.

Which of the following are hard engineering coastal management strategies? Tick all that apply.

a)

Rock armour

b)

Beach nourishment

c)

Groynes

d)

Sea wall

e)

Dune regeneration

95.

Which of these are types of erosion?

a)

Abrasion

b)

Attrition

c)

Saltation

d)

Hydraulic action

e)

Corrosion or solution

96.

With a ................................... wave, the swash is stronger than the backwash.

a)

destructive

b)

constructive

c)

swash

d)

backwash

97.

With a ................................... wave, the backwash is stronger than the swash.

a)

destructive

b)

constructive

c)

swash

d)

backwash

98.
During a hurricane, what affect can the ocean have on the beach? 
a)
Only the rain from a hurricane affects the land.
b)
The ocean can wash away much of the beach in a short time.
c)
The ocean always cleans litter from the beach during a hurricane.
d)
Only the wind from a hurricane affects the land.
99.
What is the first stage in a stack formation?
a)
Arch is formed
b)
Cave is formed
c)
Line of weakness in rock
d)
Stump is formed
100.

Waves are generated by

a)

wind blowing over water

b)

sun blowing on the sea

c)

tidal movements

d)

rotation of the Earth

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