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Research Methods in Psychology

Total questions: 38

Worksheet time: 29mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
This research method is a descriptive technique in which one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles
a)
Case Study
b)
Survey
c)
Observational
d)
Correlational
e)
Experiments
2.
This is a method of research where the researcher carefully and systematically observes and records behavior without interfering
a)
Observational
b)
Correlational
c)
Experiments
d)
Case Study
e)
Survey
3.
This research method is a measure of the extent to which two variables change together, and thus of how well either variable predicts the other
a)
Correlational
b)
Experiments
c)
Case Study
d)
Survey
e)
Observational
4.
This is a method of research where an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (the dependent variable).
a)
Experiments
b)
Case Study
c)
Survey
d)
Observational
e)
Correlational
5.
The advantage of this descriptive method of research is that it creates an immense amount of data to be gathered quickly and inexpensively.
a)
Survey
b)
Observational
c)
Correlational
d)
Experiments
e)
Case Study
6.
The advantage of this method of research is that the behavior observed in the subject(s) natural environment to be more natural, spontaneous, and varied than that observed in a laboratory.
a)
Observational
b)
Correlational
c)
Experiments
d)
Case Study
e)
Survey
7.
This method of research can only be measured between the values of -1 and 1.
a)
Correlational
b)
Experiments
c)
Case Study
d)
Survey
e)
Observational
8.
The primary advantage of this method of research is that it allows for more control than naturalistic observation
a)
Laboratory Observations
b)
Correlational
c)
Experiments
d)
Case Study
e)
Survey
9.
The disadvantage of this method of descriptive research is questions must be asked “just right” to get reliable answers and a considerable amount of honesty and trust is given in the answers.
a)
Survey
b)
Observational
c)
Correlational
d)
Experiments
e)
Case Study
10.

In an experiment, the _________________ variable is tested by the researcher to observe its effect(s) on the _________________ variable.

a)

A.independent; dependent

b)

B.first; second

c)

C.dependent; independent

d)

D.research; results

11.

A type of observation conducted in the participants' normal environment without interference from the researchers.

a)

Controlled observation

b)

Naturalistic observation

12.

Cardinal rule of naturalistic observation:

a)

Setting up dependent and independent variables

b)

Research and find enough participants

c)

Not disturbing participants in the study

d)

Getting enough different age groups for study

13.

If I want to gather how all students are feeling about remote learning so far, which method would make the most sense?

a)

Experimental

b)

Naturalistic observation

c)

Case study

d)

Survey

14.

An individual suffered a major traumatic brain injury after getting in a bad accident at work. If a psychologist wants to know the effects of the trauma, what method would be best?

a)

Naturalistic observation

b)

Case study

c)

Experimental research

d)

Survey

15.

This refers to the method of gaining enough participants that represent various backgrounds of people, allowing researchers to generalize results to the larger population:

a)

Full sampling

b)

Double-blind placebo experiment

c)

Random sampling

d)

Naturalistic study

16.

Which is NOT a step of the scientific method?

a)

Hypothesis

b)

Problem

c)

Count items

d)

Draw Conclusions

17.

What is a hypothesis?

a)

an educated guess

b)

an absolute solution

c)

a random guess

d)

an experiment

18.

What does it mean to draw conclusions?

a)

make a guess

b)

test a theory to see if it is true

c)

try something new

d)

use data to make an assumption/theory

19.

What is replication?

a)

cloning the scientist who first did an experiment

b)

doing an experiment for the first time

c)

doing an experiment again and getting different results

d)

Doing an experiment again and getting the same results

20.

What is bias?

a)

a predisposition to a certain point of view despite what the facts suggest

b)

believing the facts, despite one's opinion

c)

listening to opinions of politicians

d)

believing in childhood myths

21.

How can volunteer bias affect the outcome of a study?

a)

It can make others want to volunteer for the study

b)

It can invalidate it, if the volunteers hold bias that is counter to the opinions of those who are not part of the study, but are represented by it

c)

It can split the results in two

d)

It can prove it correct, because volunteer opinions accurately represent everyone in the population

22.

Cross-sectional studies are sometimes more useful than longitudinal studies because they

a)

are more risky

b)

have more variables

c)

cost more money

d)

take less time

23.
"Monday Morning Quarterback" rarely act surprised about the outcome of the weekend football games.  This tendency to believe they knew how the game would turn out is best explained by which psychological principle?
a)
Overconfidence
b)
Hindsight Bias
c)
Intuition
d)
Illusory Correlation
24.
Which of the following is a potential problem for a case study?
a)
They provide too much detail and the researcher is likely to lose track of the most important facts.
b)
They are generally  too expensive to economical
c)
They may be misleading because they don't fairly represent other cases
d)
The dependent variable is difficult to operationally define in a case study
25.
A testable prediction is called (a/an):
a)
operational definition
b)
theory
c)
replication
d)
hypothesis
26.
Mary watches several different species of birds to discover how they feed their young in their habitat, without being intrusive. This would be an example of what type of study?
a)
Case study
b)
Naturalistic observation
c)
Survey
d)
Experiment
27.
All those in a group being studied is referred to as the...
a)
Random sample
b)
Representative sample
c)
Population
d)
Sampling bias
28.
When people have the tendency to think they know more than they do
a)
Intuition
b)
Hindsight bias
c)
Overconfidence
d)
Perceiving order in random events
29.
The disadvantage of this method of descriptive research is that it does not permit researchers to draw conclusions regarding cause-and-effect relationships
a)
Correlational
b)
Experiments
c)
Case Study
d)
Survey
e)
Observational
30.

Researchers find that there is a significant, positive correlation between the number of hours students sleep and their grades. The researchers would be justified in concluding that...

a)

Earning good grades causes people to sleep more

b)

Sleeping more causes students to perform better in school

c)

Students who earn good grades tend to sleep more than those who do not

d)

More sleep has a beneficial impact on school performance

31.
A phenomenon that occurs when a researcher's expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results. 
a)
placebo
b)
case study
c)
experimenter bias
32.

Scenario:  A researcher had one group of children go trick-or-treating wearing masks, and a second group of children go trick-or-treating without masks.  The researcher found that the children who wore masks took more candy than the children who were not wearing masks.  

What is the DEPENDENT Variable in this Study?

a)

whether or not the children wore masks

b)

the amount of candy taken

c)

trick-or-treating

d)

whether or not the children wore masks and trick-or-treated

33.

Scenario:  A researcher had one group of children go trick-or-treating wearing masks, and a second group of children go trick-or-treating without masks.  The researcher found that the children who wore masks took more candy than the children who were not wearing masks.  

What is the INDEPENDENT Variable in this study?

a)

whether or not the children wore masks

b)

the amount of candy taken

c)

kids without masks

d)

whether or not the children wore masks and trick-or-treated

34.

Scenario:  A researcher had one group of children go trick-or-treating wearing masks, and a second group of children go trick-or-treating without masks.  The researcher found that the children who wore masks took more candy than the children who were not wearing masks.  

What is the EXPERIMENTAL GROUP?

a)

whether or not the children wore masks

b)

amount of candy taken

c)

the kids who wore masks

d)

whether or not the children wore masks and trick-or-treated

35.

A famous case study in which the subject was severely neglected throughout their childhood and was unable to learn how to properly communicate, socialize, and function as a independent human being.

a)

Hellen Keller

b)

Phineas Gage

c)

Genie

d)

H.M.

36.

A famous case study where the subject suffered a traumatic brain injury when an iron rod went through their skull and they lived.  After the accident and after surgery, they found that the subject's personality changed and they became more impulsive.

a)

Hellen Keller

b)

Phineas Gage

c)

Genie

d)

H.M.

37.

A famous case study where the subject lost their vision and hearing from a severe fever. They often had behavioral outbursts and, eventually with the help of a tutor, were able to learn Braille and methods of communication.

a)

Hellen Keller

b)

Phineas Gage

c)

Genie

d)

H.M.

38.

How can volunteer bias affect the outcome of a study?

a)

It can make others want to volunteer for the study

b)

It can invalidate it, if the volunteers hold bias that is counter to the opinions of those who are not part of the study, but are represented by it

c)

It can split the results in two

d)

It can prove it correct, because volunteer opinions accurately represent everyone in the population

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