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WorksheetsViruses, Bacteria, Protists, and Fungi
Total questions: 22
Worksheet time: 41mins
Termites get almost all their energy from eating wood and dead plants. Although termites rely on wood for food, they cannot digest it. Instead, termites rely on protists called Trichonymphs. These organisms live in their intestines and convert wood particles into food. Even though termites are animals and Trichonymphs are protists, what do both organisms have in common?
Both are eukaryotic.
Both have cells with cell walls.
Both are autotrophs.
Both have a parasitic lifestyle.
Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protists have a bad reputation. People focus on the diseases they cause, the food they rot, and the bad odors they create, even though most types cause no harm to living things. One type is an exception. It is non-living and can only reproduce by hurting its host. Which of these groups is a non-living agent of disease?
bacteria
viruses
fungi
protists
Many species of mushroom look similar. One way to identify mushrooms is by their spore print. Mushroom hunters set the cap from a mature mushroom on a piece of paper or aluminum foil. Over the next few hours, spores fall out of the mushroom, making a spore print like the ones pictured. Both the color and the pattern of the spore print help to identify the species of mushroom.
Mushrooms are (a) that use spores for reproduction.
Bacteria in the Shigella genus cause the disease shigellosis. The symptoms of shigellosis include diarrhea, fever, and intestinal cramping. The disease is unpleasant, but most people recover within a week. Shigellosis is transmitted from one person to another through bodily wastes. You can catch shigellosis from a baby when changing its diaper. People also catch the disease by drinking contaminated water. The best way to avoid shigellosis is through frequent hand-washing with soap.
Shigella bacteria can survive on a fly’s body for up to 24 days. Suppose that a fly lands on waste from an infected person. That fly could then spread bacteria on everything it lands on for almost a month!
How do bacteria survive for so long during harsh conditions until finding a host?
They store up fat and hibernate until conditions improve.
They feed each other so that every bacterium has a little food.
They have ribosomes where food is made.
They form an endospore with thick walls and await better conditions.
Bacteria in the Shigella genus cause the disease shigellosis. The symptoms of shigellosis include diarrhea, fever, and intestinal cramping. The disease is unpleasant, but most people recover within a week. Shigellosis is transmitted from one person to another through bodily wastes. You can catch shigellosis from a baby when changing its diaper. People also catch the disease by drinking contaminated water. The best way to avoid shigellosis is through frequent hand-washing with soap.
People with severe shigellosis take antibiotics to kill the Shigella bacteria. Unfortunately, Shigella bacteria are becoming resistant to many common antibiotics. Even if you take these antibiotics, Shigella can continue to reproduce in your body and make you sick.
Bacteria pass the genetic information for antibiotic resistance to other cells during conjugation. Rearrange the steps to show how antibiotic resistance can spread through a bacteria population. What is the first step in the process?
One Shigella cell’s genetic material shifts, causing the cell to change shape. The cell is now resistant to the antibiotic amoxicillin.
The antibiotic-resistant Shigella connects to a second Shigella cell.
The antibiotic-resistant Shigella passes a chunk of genetic material to the second Shigella cell.
The second Shigella cell changes shape, making it resistant to amoxicillin.
The second Shigella cell reproduces asexually. Both daughter bacteria are resistant to amoxicillin.
Bacteria in the Shigella genus cause the disease shigellosis. The symptoms of shigellosis include diarrhea, fever, and intestinal cramping. The disease is unpleasant, but most people recover within a week. Shigellosis is transmitted from one person to another through bodily wastes. You can catch shigellosis from a baby when changing its diaper. People also catch the disease by drinking contaminated water. The best way to avoid shigellosis is through frequent hand-washing with soap.
People with severe shigellosis take antibiotics to kill the Shigella bacteria. Unfortunately, Shigella bacteria are becoming resistant to many common antibiotics. Even if you take these antibiotics, Shigella can continue to reproduce in your body and make you sick.
Bacteria pass the genetic information for antibiotic resistance to other cells during conjugation. Rearrange the steps to show how antibiotic resistance can spread through a bacteria population. What is the second step in the process?
One Shigella cell’s genetic material shifts, causing the cell to change shape. The cell is now resistant to the antibiotic amoxicillin.
The antibiotic-resistant Shigella connects to a second Shigella cell.
The antibiotic-resistant Shigella passes a chunk of genetic material to the second Shigella cell.
The second Shigella cell changes shape, making it resistant to amoxicillin.
The second Shigella cell reproduces asexually. Both daughter bacteria are resistant to amoxicillin.
Bacteria in the Shigella genus cause the disease shigellosis. The symptoms of shigellosis include diarrhea, fever, and intestinal cramping. The disease is unpleasant, but most people recover within a week. Shigellosis is transmitted from one person to another through bodily wastes. You can catch shigellosis from a baby when changing its diaper. People also catch the disease by drinking contaminated water. The best way to avoid shigellosis is through frequent hand-washing with soap.
People with severe shigellosis take antibiotics to kill the Shigella bacteria. Unfortunately, Shigella bacteria are becoming resistant to many common antibiotics. Even if you take these antibiotics, Shigella can continue to reproduce in your body and make you sick.
Bacteria pass the genetic information for antibiotic resistance to other cells during conjugation. Rearrange the steps to show how antibiotic resistance can spread through a bacteria population. What is the third step in the process?
One Shigella cell’s genetic material shifts, causing the cell to change shape. The cell is now resistant to the antibiotic amoxicillin.
The antibiotic-resistant Shigella connects to a second Shigella cell.
The antibiotic-resistant Shigella passes a chunk of genetic material to the second Shigella cell.
The second Shigella cell changes shape, making it resistant to amoxicillin.
The second Shigella cell reproduces asexually. Both daughter bacteria are resistant to amoxicillin.
Bacteria in the Shigella genus cause the disease shigellosis. The symptoms of shigellosis include diarrhea, fever, and intestinal cramping. The disease is unpleasant, but most people recover within a week. Shigellosis is transmitted from one person to another through bodily wastes. You can catch shigellosis from a baby when changing its diaper. People also catch the disease by drinking contaminated water. The best way to avoid shigellosis is through frequent hand-washing with soap.
People with severe shigellosis take antibiotics to kill the Shigella bacteria. Unfortunately, Shigella bacteria are becoming resistant to many common antibiotics. Even if you take these antibiotics, Shigella can continue to reproduce in your body and make you sick.
Bacteria pass the genetic information for antibiotic resistance to other cells during conjugation. Rearrange the steps to show how antibiotic resistance can spread through a bacteria population. What is the fourth step in the process?
One Shigella cell’s genetic material shifts, causing the cell to change shape. The cell is now resistant to the antibiotic amoxicillin.
The antibiotic-resistant Shigella connects to a second Shigella cell.
The antibiotic-resistant Shigella passes a chunk of genetic material to the second Shigella cell.
The second Shigella cell changes shape, making it resistant to amoxicillin.
The second Shigella cell reproduces asexually. Both daughter bacteria are resistant to amoxicillin.
Bacteria in the Shigella genus cause the disease shigellosis. The symptoms of shigellosis include diarrhea, fever, and intestinal cramping. The disease is unpleasant, but most people recover within a week. Shigellosis is transmitted from one person to another through bodily wastes. You can catch shigellosis from a baby when changing its diaper. People also catch the disease by drinking contaminated water. The best way to avoid shigellosis is through frequent hand-washing with soap.
People with severe shigellosis take antibiotics to kill the Shigella bacteria. Unfortunately, Shigella bacteria are becoming resistant to many common antibiotics. Even if you take these antibiotics, Shigella can continue to reproduce in your body and make you sick.
Bacteria pass the genetic information for antibiotic resistance to other cells during conjugation. Rearrange the steps to show how antibiotic resistance can spread through a bacteria population. What is the final step in the process?
One Shigella cell’s genetic material shifts, causing the cell to change shape. The cell is now resistant to the antibiotic amoxicillin.
The antibiotic-resistant Shigella connects to a second Shigella cell.
The antibiotic-resistant Shigella passes a chunk of genetic material to the second Shigella cell.
The second Shigella cell changes shape, making it resistant to amoxicillin.
The second Shigella cell reproduces asexually. Both daughter bacteria are resistant to amoxicillin.
Many species of bacteria live in your mouth and throat. These bacteria come from several different groups within domain Bacteria. You can avoid most bacterial infections by washing your hands frequently and not sharing food or eating utensils. Choose the three statements that are true of every kind of bacteria.
respond to stimuli
can survive without water
can reproduce
can spontaneously generate
use energy
Quentin goes to the urgent care center after stepping on a piece of glass. The doctor tells him he will need a few stitches to close the wound. Quentin sees the doctor’s tools laid out on a counter. Each tool is sealed in its own plastic bag.
“Why are the tools in bags?” he asks a nurse.
“We put the tools in bags to sterilize them. The bagged tools go into a special oven that heats them and kills all microorganisms. We do not want to put germs in your body while we are giving you stitches,” the nurse replies.
Why is it necessary to keep the tools in plastic bags after all the microorganisms are killed?
to prevent spontaneous generation of the bacteria
to block the bacteria's access to a host
to weaken the bacteria's resistance to antibiotics
to block the bacteria's access to food and water
Ariel is excited that her baby chicks have finally arrived. She sets up a heat lamp to shine down on the chicks. Keeping the chicks warm helps them to keep comfortable and to grow well. Being warm also helps their immune system fight off infectious diseases. Ariel cleans and disinfects the chicks’ water dish every day. Why is it important to keep the chicks' water dish clean? Choose the two statements that apply.
Viruses using the water as a host could harm the chicks.
Bacteria from the water could make the chicks sick.
The chicks could ingest parasitic protists.
The chicks might come in contact with decomposing fungi.
Lizzie loves to take care of animals and thinks she might like to become a veterinarian. Today, she is visiting a vet clinic and watching Dr. Snyder treat people’s pets.
A woman brings in a stray puppy she has rescued off the street. She wants to adopt the dog, but it looks sick. The dog seems tired, will not eat, and has diarrhea. Dr. Snyder looks very concerned. He takes a small sample of the puppy’s feces and runs a test. Fifteen minutes later he comes back with bad news: the puppy has parvovirus. The disease is often fatal, but many dogs survive with good treatment. Dr. Snyder tells Lizzie that parvovirus is preventable and a dog cannot get infected if it is given a shot. What type of shot would prevent a dog from the parvovirus disease?
(a)
(a) shots prevent animals from getting viruses, so it is given before the animal gets the virus.
A vaccine contains a pathogen, such as a weakened or dead virus, that helps the body build up a (a) to the virus.
After being injected with the vaccine, the body prepares
defenses against the virus. The body can then (a) infection by the disease causing virus.
Lizzie loves to take care of animals and thinks she might like to become a veterinarian. Today, she is visiting a vet clinic and watching Dr. Snyder treat people’s pets.
The next patient is an old farm dog that lives in a barn on a bed of straw. Lately, the owner has noticed that the dog has been sneezing a lot and her nose is swollen. She has not been eating much food, either.
Dr. Snyder takes a sample of the fluid in the dog’s nose. He looks at the fluid under the microscope and says “Aha! Yes, the tiny dots are spores and the long strings are hyphae. This dog probably has an Aspergillus infection.” Dr. Snyder moves over to give Lizzie a chance to look through the microscope. Choose the word that correctly completes the sentence. Based on Dr. Snyder’s description and the image in the microscope, Aspergillus is a kind of __________________.
fungus
bacteria
virus
protist
True or False. Most bacteria do NOT make you ill or
cause diseases.
True
False
There are some (a) that help digest food, make vitamins, and keep harmful bacteria from making you sick. If you killed all the bacteria in the cat’s digestive system, the helpful bacteria would also die. This could cause the cat to have a vitamin deficiency or get sick
Greg’s class is learning about how all living things are made of cells. As part of his homework, he was asked to compare viruses and bacteria and document his findings. In order to guide his research, he asked questions such as: Are they both cells? Are they the same size? Are they both alive? How do they reproduce? Once he had the answers to these questions, he made fact cards about viruses and bacteria. Which of the following would Greg discover is NOT true about bacteria and viruses?
Bacteria and viruses both look like cells, but viruses are not cells.
Bacteria are over 100 times larger than a virus.
Viruses are not alive, but bacteria are living organisms.
Viruses and bacteria both reproduce on their own.
Darienne is very interested when the class begins to study cells and living things, because she wants to be a scientist like her mother. When the class starts to study viruses and bacteria, she decides to learn more about the similarities and differences between them. In order to complete her investigation, Darienne uses a microscope and the Internet to do some research. She compares structures and functions, such as how they reproduce. She makes a list of the information she compiled during her investigation, and asks her teacher to check it for errors. What item in the list does the teacher say is incorrect?
Bacteria can reproduce on tables, cupboards, books, containers, and other non-living surfaces.
Viruses produce waste, use food to grow, and respond to their surroundings.
Viruses do not reproduce on counters, door handles, toys, or other non-living surfaces.
Bacteria are unicellular organisms that use or make food to grow.
Michael wanted to find out more about cells. He was able to spend time in a science lab with microscopes and slides containing samples of cells from different organisms. Michael looked at the slides and saw that some showed unicellular organisms, and others showed multicellular organisms. He made a table so he could categorize which organisms were unicellular, and which were multicellular. Which organisms did he list in the column for multicellular organisms?
Bacteria, animal, fungi
Human, animal, fungi
Bacteria, human, animal
Fungi, bacteria, human
