A hypothetical linear path around which an object can be rotated, or across which it can be mirrored.

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An object created by combining two objects using mathematical operators. The two objects may be subtracted from one other, merged, or intersected to form the new object.

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A modelling tool which deforms the structure of an entire object. However, the exact meaning of the term varies from software package to software package.

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A set of mathematical attributes that determine the ways in which the surface of a model to which they are applied reacts to light. These attributes are sub-divided into individual channels.

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The surface geometry of a 3D model, made up of a series of linked geometry elements such as polygons, patches or NURBS surfaces.

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Used as a noun, it means the 3D object created as the end product of the modelling process.

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A method of displaying 3D scenes adopted by many high-end software applications, in which a scene is shown simultaneously in Top, Side, Front and Perspective views.

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A set of 3D objects, including the models themselves and the lights and camera that will be used when rendering them out.

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The automatic alignment of one object to another or to a reference grid, intended to aid the precise placement of objects within a scene or modelling hierarchy.

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A simple three-dimensional form used as the basis for constructive solid geometry modelling techniques. Typical primitives include the plane, the cube, the sphere, the cone and the torus.

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The process of creating simplified models with low polygon counts, usually for use in videogames, where scenes must be rendered in real time, by software with a limited ability to handle complex models.

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With this technique we use a camera and photograph an object multiple times from all angles in a lighting condition that is as even as possible.

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This modelling technique starts with some primitive object, such as a cube or sphere, and we use classic modeling tools to create a shape from it.

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A modelling technique in which a two-dimensional outline or profile is duplicated outwards along a linear path, and the set of duplicated profiles joined to create a continuous three-dimensional surface.

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