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Worksheetsphysics
Total questions: 56
Worksheet time: 32mins
The term “atom” was first used by the ___________
greeks
mexicans
romans
british
The first person to describe an element as being composed of identical atoms was __________.
john dalton
dmitri mendeleev
j.j. thomson
guttyterrez
The smallest particle that has all the properties of an element is a(n) __________
atom
proton
neutron
electron
The periodic table of the elements was developed by __________ in the late 19th century.
bohr
mendeleev
rutherford
roentgen
Rutherford’s experiments in 1911 showed that the atom was composed of _________________.
electrified plum pudding
ball of hooks and eyes
electrons with well defined orbits
a nucleus with an electron cloud
A positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons in well-defined orbits is the ___________ model of the atom
dalton
bohr
rutherford
juice wrld
What are the fundamental particles of an atom?
proton neutron quark
nucleon electron proton
quark positron negatron
proton electron neutron
The chemical element is determined by the number of __________ in the atom.
nucleons
neutrons
protons
electrons
An atom in a normal state has an electrical charge of _______
zero
one
positive
negative
The binding energies, or energy levels, of electrons are represented by their ___________.
isotopes
atomic mass units
shells
atomic numbers
When an atom has the same number of protons as another, but a different number of neutrons, it is called an _________
isomer
isotone
isotope
isobar
When atoms of various elements combine, they form __________.
isotopes
compounds
molecules
chris breezy
An atom that loses or gains one or more electrons is a(n) ________.
isomer
ion
molecule
knife talk - certified lover boy
The maximum number of electrons that can exist in an electron shell is calculated with the formula _____
2n^2
2/n
2/n^2
2n
neutral atom has the same number of _________ and electron
neutrinos
quarks
protons
neutrons
The shell number of an atom is called the ___________________
alpha particle
half life number
principle quantum number
chemical element
The atomic number of an element is symbolized by the letter _____.
n
A
X
Z
Aluminum has an atomic number of 13. How many protons does it have?
21 21 21
13
26
27
two identical atoms which exist at different energy states are called ____________
isobars
isotopes
isotones
isomers
A device that is employed for the detection and measurement exposure from x-ray radiation is called a
kerma scale
radiometer
dosimeter
gamma camera
According to the NCRP Report #160,
individual exposures have increased principally due to increased utilization of digital imaging technologies.
individual effective doses have nearly quadrupled since the early 1980s.
individual exposures have decreased due to improved technology and more discrete utilization
the effective dose per individual in the United States primarily increased because of increased fluoroscopic interventional procedures and CT scans.
All of the following are considered man-made sources of radiation exposure EXCEPT
occupational exposure of medical imaging personnel.
radiopharmaceuticals
radon gas exposure in new home construction.
traveling cross country in a commercial aircraft
All of the following would be classified as field survey devices EXCEPT
iionization chamber instrument
Geiger-Mueller counter.
scintillation detector.
film badge
All of the following would be recorded on a radiation dosimetry report EXCEPT
control badge exposure
lifetime equivalent dose
radiation quality
BMI
alpha particles
are emitted from the nuclei of heavy elements
have a positive charge
have greater mass than other particulate radiations
all of the above
an alpha particle contains
1 proton 2 neutrons
2 electrons 2 neutrons
2 protons and 2 electrons
2 protons and 2 neutrons
beta particles
exist in shells around the nucleus
can travel 10-100 cm in air
are heavy
are positively charged
Biological effects of ionizing radiation include all of the following EXCEPT
cancer
bacterial infections
developmental abnormalities
cataract formation
Electromagnetic radiations are characterized as
all of the above.
energy disturbances traveling through space, with no mass or charge.
low-frequency energies with negligible mass.
particulate energy disturbances
Electrons and beta particles are essentially identical in terms of charge and mass. The distinction between them is due to their respective
origins
ability to ionize matter
half lives
physical size
Equivalent dose (HT,R) takes into account
the type of tissue irradiated
the rate of radioactive decay.
the absorbed dose and type of radiation
radiation exposure in air
Factors that influence the effect of exposure to ionizing radiation include
all of the above
type of radiation
cell sensitivity
total dose received
For x-rays and gamma rays approximately ____ of the biological effects on tissue are the result of indirect actions
20%
70%
40%
100%
In CT scanning, the total amount of energy directed at matter is expressed as
ct dose index
kerma
curie
integral dose
in air alpha particles can travel
5 cm
less than 1mm
5 km
5 m
Ionization chambers work on the principle that when radiation interacts with the electrons in air, ____ are produced
scatter photons
light scintillations
ion pairs
low energy x-ray photons
ionizing radiations are classified as
sub nuclear and intra nuclear
positive and negative
party girl - staysolidrocky
particulate and electromagnetic
erythema
(a)
also known as the becquerel
(a)
measure of absorbed dose
(a)
product of absorbed dose and radiation quality factor
(a)
sum of weighted equivalent dose
(a)
cleft palate in offspring
(a)
One joule of energy absorbed in each kilogram of absorbing material defines the
seivert
gray
becquerel
kerma
Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters
are not commonly employed with routine use
tomorrow - chris young
are precise with low level exposures
provide an immediate readout to the user
Personnel monitoring devices include all of the following except the ____ dosimeter.
thermoluminescent
scintillation
OSL
film badge
Somatic effects of irradiation may become evident
in any future generation of offspring
in the exposed individuals grandchildren
in the first offspring of the exposed individual
in the exposed individual
The indirect interaction of matter with photon energy involves the absorption of radiation within a
water molecule
macromolecule such as dna
glucose molecule
complex protein
radiation weighting factor for xray or gamma radiation is
2
10
1
20
The sum of the weighted equivalent doses for all irradiated tissues and organs is the
equivalent dose
100 grand - lil durk
effective dose
integral dose
The unit of radiation absorbed energy or dose is
used for all absorbing media.
expressed as grays (Gy)
defined as the amount of radiation needed to deposit 100 ergs of energy in one gram of matter
all of the above
When a single personnel monitoring device is worn, it should be worn at the
wrist lvl
waist lvl
collar lvl under thyroid collar
collar lvl outside of lead apron
When comparing x-rays and gamma rays, a key distinction is in the
velocity of the emission
size of the particulate emission
mass of the emission
origin of the emission
Which instrument detects the presence of radiation rather than measuring it?
ionization chamber instrument
thermoluminescent dosimeter
geiger-mueller counter
scintillation detector
X-ray interaction with matter involves the transfer of energy from the
incident electron to matter
incident electron to photon
matter to photon
photon to matter
The quantity of x-rays or gamma rays required to produce a given amount of ionization in a unit mass of air defines the
curie
roentgen
kerma
gray
