What Emperor united most of western Europe and laid down the foundations for modern France and Germany?

What system of values, such as loyalty and honor, were knights in the Middle Ages expected to follow?

The fall of what empire signaled the start of the Middle Ages?

What military campaign was approved by the Catholic Church to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims in the 11th to 13th centuries?

What pandemic killed 75-200 million people between 1346 and 1353?

What name was given to a group of

people all working in the same trade?

What act within a ceremony confers knighthood to an individual?

What document stated that the king is not above the law of the land and the people shall not completely be controlled by their rulers?

What social system had land owned by kings or lords, but held by vassals in return for their loyalty and protection?

What name was given to a soldier who received honor and land in exchange for serving his lord?

What name was given to a nobleman acting as an attendant to a knight before becoming a knight himself?

What name described a person granted fiefdom (land) by their lord or king in exchange for protection?

What name described people living in small communities who were ruled by a local lord or vassal?

What entertainers travelled from town to town to earn money?

What name was given to travelling preachers who vowed to poverty and chastity in service to society?

What name is given to people who give up their life and possessions to live simply in a monastery with prayer, study, and helping the poor?

What name was given to farmers or agricultural workers of low status?