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Bone Formation, Growth & Remodeling, & Fractures

Total questions: 20

Worksheet time: 13mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The skeleton is formed from two of the strongest and most supportive bone tissues- ___ and ____. (Select Two)

a)

Cartilage

b)

Membrane

c)

Vertebrae

d)

Bone

2.

T/F: In embryos, the skeleton is primarily made of hyaline cartilage, but in the young child, most of the cartilage has been replaced by bone

a)

True

b)

False

3.

____ is the process of bone formation.

a)

Appositional Growth

b)

Bone Remodeling

c)

Fossilization

d)

Ossification

4.

Which best describes the event that is taking place in 1 in the process of ossification that occurs at the articular cartilages and epiphyseal plates as the bone grows in length?

a)

Cartilage grows here.

b)

Cartilage is replaced by bone here.

c)

Bone is reabsorbed here.

d)

Bone is added by appositional growth here.

5.

T/F: For a short period of time, the fetus has "bony" bones enclosed by cartilage "bones."

a)

True

b)

False

6.

By birth or shortly after, most hyaline cartilage models have been converted to bone except for two regions- _____ and _____.

a)

fibrous cartilage

b)

elastic cartilage

c)

articular cartilage

d)

epiphyseal plate cartilage

7.

Bones widen through ____ in the periosteum that add bone tissue to the external face of the diaphysis.

a)

osteoclasts

b)

ossification

c)

fossilization

d)

osteoblasts

8.

During stages 1 and 3...

a)

Bone is formed here.

b)

Bone is reabsorbed here.

c)

Bone is added by appositional growth here.

d)

Bone is replaced by cartilage here.

9.

The process by which bones increase in diameter is called (a)   .

10.

T/F: Bones are lifeless structures that never change once long-bone growth has ended.

a)

True

b)

False

11.

Which type of fracture is shown in the picture?

a)

Comminuted

b)

Compression

c)

Depressed

d)

Greenstick

12.

Bones are remodeled continually in response to which of the following factors?

a)

sex hormones during puberty

b)

growth hormones in the body

c)

osteoblasts in the bones

d)

pull of gravity and muscles on skeleton

13.

In contrast to ______, bone-forming cells, ______ are bone-destroying cells.

a)

growth cells; dead cells

b)

cartilage; bone

c)

osteoblasts; osteoclasts

d)

osteoclasts; osteoblasts

14.

T/F: Appositional growth is essential if bones are to retain normal proportions and strength during long-bone growth as the body increases in size and weight.

a)

True

b)

False

15.

During stage 2...

a)

Bone is created here.

b)

Bone is reabsorbed here.

c)

Bone is added by appositional growth here.

d)

Cartilage is replaced by bone here.

16.

____ is a disease of children in which the bones fail to calcify.

a)

Sinusitis

b)

Herniated Discs

c)

Rickets

d)

Maxillae

17.

As new capillaries grow, connective tissue cells of various types form a mass of repair tissue called _____.

a)

hematoma

b)

fibrocartilage callus

c)

bony callus

d)

greenstick

18.

Parathyroid hormone determines when bone is to be broken down or ____.

a)

deteriorated

b)

demolished

c)

grown

d)

formed

19.

This type of fracture occurs when bone breaks incompletely, much in the way a green twig breaks.

a)

Spiral

b)

Twig

c)

Greenstick

d)

Comminuted

20.

In old age, fractures occur more often due to _____.

a)

sports activities

b)

twists and smashes

c)

food intake

d)

thin and weak bones