Valence electrons are completely transferred from one atom to the other. It occurs between metals and nonmetals when there is a large difference in electronegativity.

Valence electrons are shared as pairs between bonded atoms. It occurs between two nonmetals atoms of the same kind bind to each other.

The electrons are shared but NOT equally. Many compounds have the characteristics of BOTH ionic and covalent bonding. Electronegativity differences determine the balance of character.

The valence electrons are shared among all of the atoms of the substance. Occurs when metals bond to either themselves or mixed with other metals in alloys.

Are the electrons in an atom's highest energy level

Also know as the electron dot structures; A visual model that shows an elements' valence electrons. It allows us to visualize and predict how elements will combine to form compounds.

Used to describe atoms that are bonded together and the kinds of bonds involved.

A stable arrangement is attended when the atom is surrounded by eight electrons. Either by sharing, losing or gaining electrons.