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WorksheetsWH Unit 6: Absolutism & Revolution 1550-1850 (PART ONE)
Total questions: 56
Worksheet time: 30mins
The ruler has complete authority over the government & lives of the people
Absolute Monarchy
Oligarchy
Communism
Limited Monarchy
What was "divine right?"
A monarch's idea that they were given the right to rule by God, and therefore had supreme authority over all of the people.
A monarch's idea that they were given the right to rule by God, and therefore it was their responsibility to share wealth with t
An expression where monarchs said that ruling was just "simply divine, and right." AKA "It's good to be the king."
Authority to rule, granted by the pope.
Which of the following is true of the rule of Philip II in Spain.
The Armada successfully defeated Queen Elizabeth's fleet.
The Armada successfully defeated the Ottoman Fleet.
He lived in seclusion in Escorial, with no hobbies.
He fought constant uprisings of Protestants in the Netherlands
Philip II was NOT an absolute monarch.
What angered Philip so much about Queen Elizabeth? Choose all that apply.
She was a Protestant.
She was a Catholic.
She knighted the pirate, Sir Francis Drake.
She refused to support his Protestant allies in the Netherlands.
She supported the Dutch Protestants rising against Philip.
Why did the English fleet defeat the Spanish Armada in 1588?
The English fleet was massive; the ships were twice the size of the Spanish ships.
The English fleet did not defeat the Spanish Armada. This is a trick question.
The English channel was rough sailing, and the smaller English ships were more maneuverable than the large Spanish ships.
Captain Hector Barbossa made daring attacks on the Spainish Fleet.
Reasons for the decline of Hapsburg-controlled Spain after Philip II:
inbreeding
inflation
lack of focus on local industry & agriculture
the slave trade
spent all the royal money on sugar
In 1572, while Hugenot & Catholic nobles were gathered for a wedding, 3000 Huguenots were killed by Catholic mob violence.
St. Valentines Day Massacre
St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
Red Wedding
French Revolution
How did Henry IV, the first Bourbon ruler, re-establish order in France?
Despite being a Catholic, he converted to Protestantism to appease the Huguenots.
Despite being a Huguenot, he converted to Catholicism because France was mostly Catholic.
He stopped the St. Batholemew's Day Massacre with military force.
He introduced limited monarchy to France, giving the Estates General more say-so.
Cardinal Richelieu is most notable for:
Expanding the power of the Catholic Church in Europe.
Being a tolerant Catholic in a period of chaos with the Protestant Huguenots.
Expanding royal power as chief minister to a young French king.
Diminishing royal power as chief minister to a young French king.
"I am the State!"----To whom is this quote attributed?
Chancellor Palpatine
Louis XIV
Philip II
Peter the Great
The most magnificent building in Europe; with a elaborate chandeliers, paintings depicting Louis XIV as Apollo, the sun god, a hall of mirrors, and glittering gold trim throughout.
Versailles
Baroque
The Biltmore
Buckingham Palace
How did the role of the French nobility change under the 72-year reign of Louis XIV?
They went from power-hungry to clamoring for a change to be basically the king's butlers.
They went from being the king's butlers to becoming power-hungry landowners.
They became more powerful but made sure to still respect the authority of the king.
None of these.
War that wound up pitting all of Europe against one another, first for religious reasons, but later for political ones; caused initially by conflicts in Bohemia between Ferdinand & the Protestants.
The Seven Years War
The Thirty Years War
The War of Spanish Succession
The French and Indian War
How was Maria Theresa able to strengthen her own power and the unity of her subjects?
She imposed harsh taxes on everyone equally, until there was a lot of money in the treasury, then she ended them.
She eased the tax burden of the peasants by taxing the nobles and the clergy more.
She abolished taxation altogether, and people gave to the government as they saw fit.
None of these.
_____________ was known for having the most well-trained military in Europe, due to it being the obsession of it's ruling dynasty, the Hohenzollerns.
Austria
Hunargy
Russia
Prussia
What did Peter the Great do to westernize Russia? Check all that apply:
Forced the boyars to shave their beards.
Ended seclusion of upper class women.
Built canals, roads, and improved manufacturing.
Adopted the English alphabet.
Converted to Roman Catholicism.
Which of the following goals for Russia did Peter the Great NOT achieve during his reign.
Gained a warm-water port for Russia.
Constructed St. Petersburg, a western style city.
Defeated the Swedes.
Gained Siberia, making Russia the largest country.
Peter the Great hired Vitus Bering to explore Siberia and the furthest extents of the Russian empire. What did he discover?
The strait between Siberia and Antarctica
The strait between Siberia and Alaska
A warm-water port.
Hawaii
Took the Russian throne when her husband was assassinated by the military; championed state-sponsored education; was interested in the Enlightenment.
Maria Theresa
Elizabeth I
Catherine the Great
Sofia the 1st
Which of these countries did not take part in the partition of Poland?
Russa
Prussia
Austria
Ottoman Empire
British dynasty who had a healthy working relationship with Parliament.
Tudors
Stuarts
Hapsburgs
Bourbons
English ruling family who DID NOT get along with Parliament.
Stuarts
Tudors
Bourbons
Saxons
What was the main reason why any British monarch would call a meeting of Parliament?
They needed to pass a law.
They needed help making a foreign policy decision.
They needed money.
They needed their approval to order an execution.
What did the Petition of Right prohibit the British King Charles I from doing?
Raising taxes or jailing anyone without Parliament's consent.
Raising an army against the Puritans.
Raising taxes on the colonies.
Essentially nothing, since he dissolved Parliament and ignored the fact that he'd ever signed it.
Which was NOT a result of the Long Parliament of 1640-1653?
Charles's chief ministers were executed, including Archbishop Laud.
The King had to sign the Magna Carta
Parliament cannot be dissolved without its own consent.
The English Civil War
English nobles trained in dueling that supported Charles I in the English Civil War
Knights
Cavaliers
Corsicas
Roundheads
English country gentry, town-dwellers, and Puritans who fought against Charles I and his supporters in the English Civil War.
Cavaliers
Broadheads
Roundheads
Camaros
What happened to Charles I during the English Civil War that sent shockwaves through Europe.
He was killed in battle by Oliver Cromwell.
He was removed as king and forced into exile.
He was tried, convicted, and executed for treason.
He became an absolute monarch.
What were characteristics of Great Britain under Oliver Cromwell's Commonwealth? Check all that apply.
Irish Catholics were banished to the barren west of Ireland.
Theaters, taverns, gambling, and dancing were illegal.
School for boys and girls was immediately abolished.
Someone could be fined for "profaning the Lord's Day."
Cromwell wore the crown as "King Oliver"
Why was Charles II of England such a popular ruler.
He killed Oliver Cromwell.
He reopened the theaters & taverns, was tolerant of Protestants & Catholics, and ended the Puritan domination of life.
He was a Catholic, so the Church of England was a natural fit for him and he made laws against Puritans.
He was a ruthless Protestant, and ran all of the Catholics out of England, in addition to reopening theaters and taverns.
Which of these best describes the Glorious Revolution.
William and Mary were brought in to take the throne from the Catholic King James II in a bloodless revolution.
William and Mary were brought in to take the throne from Catholic King James II after he was beheaded by Parliament.
Charles II took the throne after the death of Oliver Cromwell, bringing an end to Puritan dominated England.
Benjamin Franklin's brief hold on the British crown before moving to America and inventing electricity.
What were the conditions Parliament placed on William and Mary before allowing them to take the British throne?
They had to sign the Magna Carta.
They had to sign the English Bill of Rights.
They hand to convert to Catholicism.
They had to get married.
What did the English Bill of Rights do for the government? Select all that apply:
Ensured Parliament's power over the monarchy.
Required the monarch to summon Parliament regularly
Ensured that the monarch controlled spending.
Prohibited a monarch from being a Roman Catholic
Allowed the king to suspend laws.
What rights did the English Bill of Rights guarantee for the citizens? Check all that apply.
Trial by Jury
Habeas Corpus
The right to bear arms
No cruel or unjust punishment
The right to vote.
A government who power is defined and limited by law. Britain became one with the English Bill of Rights.
Absolute Monarchy
Oligarchy
Dictatorship
Constitutional Government
Which were the two dominant political parties in the 1700s British Parliament?
Whigs & Tories
Democrats & Republicans
Labour & Conservative
Federalists & Anti-Federalists
Which office eventually exceeded the powers of the monarch in Great Britain?
Prime Minister
President
Estates General
Whig
Government in which ruling power belongs to a few people, such as the landowning aristocrats and/or the nobles.
Dictatorship
Absolute Monarchy
Oligarchy
Theocracy
Unchanging principles, discovered through reason, that govern all human conduct.
Scientific Laws
Natural Laws
Natural Rights
Enlightened Laws
Enlightenment thinkers pushed against _____1____, instead for ____2_____.
1- divine right & absolutism; 2-individual rights & democracy
1-individual rights & democracy; 2-divine right & absolutism
1-absolute monarchy; 2-oligarchy or dictatorship
1-the government; 2-American Independence
John Locke argued that people have natural rights of ______ from birth, and government should protect these.
life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
life, liberty, and property
a job, leisure time, and the right to bear arms
a chicken in every pot, and a car in every driveway
According to John Locke, If government fails in this or violates peoples’ natural rights, they have the right to _______.
overthrow the government
petition against it
vote for a new king
leave town
Who said the best way to protect liberty was to separate the government between three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial ?
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Montesquieu
Diderot
In The Social Contract, he states that some minimal government controls are necessary, but only if they are elected by the people.
Montesquieu
Voltaire
Rousseau
Diderot
Allowing business to operate with little to no government interference, supporting free trade, and opposing tariffs.
Laissez Faire
Laissez bon temps rollier
Communism
Oligarchy
Informal social gatherings held by middle and upper class women where writers, artists, philosophes, and others were invited and exchanged ideas.
Salons
Laissez Faires
Worlds Fairs
Hen Parties
Monarchs that adopted some enlightenment ideas were called ______.
enlightened despots
just rulers
prime ministers
dictators of value
Years of conflict among European nations were causing people to look for more peaceful societies.
Natural laws were used to explain human affairs
Economic growth was slowed by the lack of useable technology
scientific truths were used to justify absolute monarchies
the emphasis on religious doctrine led to the rejection of scientific ideas
With which statement would Enlightenment thinker John Locke have agreed?
An enlightened absolute monarchy is the best way to ensure an orderly society
The Glorious Revolution violated the rights of the English people
People have the right to overthrow a government that violates their rights
Monarchy is necessary because people are naturally cruel and selfish
Which statement about Louis XIV is an opinion rather than a fact?
He insisted that Huguenots convert to Catholicism
He strengthened the monarchy by centralizing the government
the wars he engaged in were the least successful in the history of France
The palace he built at Versailles was part of his plan for controlling the nobles
Which statement would Louis XIV, Philip II, and Peter the Great most likely support?
"The king is entitled to unquestioning obedience."
"Parliament should represent the best interests of the people."
"Parliament should allow all the people who own land to vote."
"Government should be administered by people of all beliefs."
In order to protect liberty, Montesquieu proposed that
people entrust their rights to a strong monarch
governments be divided into separate branches
property be distributed equally among all people
the press should have complete freedom
What is the main feature of a constitutional government?
its power is defined and limited by law
its people are represented in a parliament
its power is split between a monarch and a parliament
it is not ruled by a monarch
"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. . ." - the U.S. Declaration of Independence Which Enlightenment thinker MOST directly influenced the notion expressed in this passage?
Thomas Hobbes
Jacques Bossuet
John Locke
Baron de Montesquieu
In which of the following ways did the philosophy of John Locke inspire the founders of the United States?
The founders agreed that a ruler should not have power over them without their consent and that the people had the right to remove the ruler from power if their rights were infringed upon
The founders agreed that their government should be based on the needs of the state, rather than the needs of the people
The founders took Locke's idea of a limited government, in which the absolute monarch kept order within the country
The founders agreed that the government's power should be separated into three different branches and a system of checks and balances needed to be in place in order to keep each branch in-line.
Rousseau wrote, "Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains." What kind of government did he favor in order to insure greater freedom?
an absolute monarchy
an enlightened monarchy
an oligarchy
a popularly elected government
