WorksheetsTRANSFUSION TRANSMITTED DISEASE
Total questions: 39
Worksheet time: 22mins
Which one is NOT the compulsory screening test before blood transfusion?
HIV
Hepatitis
Gonorrhea
Syphilis
Only blood from donor that are ... should be released for future usage in blood transfusion.
Reactive
Non reactive
Active
Inactive
How can we determine that donor's blood is REACTIVE?
Positive for all 4 compulsory test, negative NAT
Positive for all 4 compulsory test, positive NAT
Positive for any 4 compulsory test, negative NAT
Positive for any 4 compulsory test, positive NAT
The screening test for donor's blood should be confirmed by technologies like .. ?
DAT
IAT
NAT
What type of blood tested must be clearly marked and remove from stock and stored separately?
Reactive
Non reactive
Active
Inactive
Window period is ?
Period of time where the screening marker undetectable in an early infected individual
Period of time where the screening marker detectable in an early infected individual
Period of time where the screening marker undetectable in repeated infected individual
Period of time where the screening marker detectable in repeated infected individual
What is the usual technique used to shorten window period?
DAT
IAT
NAT
How does NAT shorten window period?
Ion of target is firstly detected followed by antigen and antibody
Protein of target is firstly detected followed by antigen and antibody
Nucleic acid of target is firstly detected followed by antigen and antibody
Carbohydrate of target is firstly detected followed by antigen and antibody
HIV is a .. ?
Enveloped RNA virus
Enveloped DNA virus
Helical RNA virus
Double stranded DNA helical virus
HIV infects and replicate in (a) ?
The major distinct types of HIV that can be transmitted through blood transfusion are .. ?
HIV - 1
HIV - 2
HIV - 3
HIV - 4
The type of HIV that is responsible for most of the global HIV infections is .. ?
HIV - 1
HIV - 2
HIV - 3
HIV - 4
The most reliable screening method for HIV infection is .. ?
Identify the viral RNA
Identify the HIV p24 antigen
Identify the antibodies
Identify the autoantibodies
The screening for HIV in blood is based on the detection of .. ?
Serological marker
Viral nucleic acid
Viral protein
WBC patient
A is the firstly detected when someone is infected by HIV. It usually detectable after 7 to 10 days of infection. What is A?
Viral RNA
HIV p24 antigen
Antibody
Based on the graph, A is found the most during acute phase of HIV. Why does the acute phase has a high risk for transfusion transmitted disease?
High HIV RNA levels can infect others easily
High HIV p24 antigen levels can infect others easily
High HIV antibodies levels can infect others easily
Hepatitis is an inflammation at the .. ?
Brain
Heart
Kidney
Liver
Why do we must screen for Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C but not Hepatitis A?
HAV transmitted through blood
HAV transmitted through fecal-oral
HAV is genetically acquire
HAV is not contagious
Hepatitis B virus is .. ?
Enveloped RNA virus
Enveloped DNA virus
Enveloped double stranded RNA virus
Enveloped double stranded DNA virus
The prime marker for Hepatitis B blood screening test is .. ?
HBsAg
HBeAg
HBV DNA
Anti-HBs
The detection of HBsAg indicates .. ?
Patient is infected with HBV
Patient is having an acute Hepatitis B
Patient is having a chronic Hepatitis B
Patient is free from HBV
Upon detecting HBsAg, we can also detect .. that indicates the start of immune response to HBV.
anti-HBe
anti-HBc
anti-HBs
anti-HBg
This is a graph showing serological marker findings during an acute infection of Hepatitis B. C is the first marker to show up after an infection occurs. What is C?
HBsAg
HBeAg
Anti-HBc
Anti-HBe
This is a graph showing serological marker findings during an acute infection of Hepatitis B.
D produced after the appearance of C and indicate the start of immune response to HBV. What is D?
HBsAg
HBeAg
Anti-HBc
Anti-HBe
Based on the graph, ALT is observed alongside with other serological markers for Hepatitis B acute infection screening test. Why is ALT observed?
High level of ALT indicates an infected liver
High level of ALT indicates a normal liver
Low level of ALT indicates an infected liver
Low level of ALT indicates hepatitis
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a .. ?
Enveloped single stranded RNA
Enveloped double stranded RNA
Enveloped single stranded DNA
Enveloped double stranded DNA
If the donor just infected with HCV and do Hepatitis C blood screening test, it is most likely that he is considered negative. Why?
Hepatitis C has short window period
Hepatitis C has long window period
Anti-HCV detected
HCVAg detected
The pathogen known to cause Syphilis is .. ?
HIV
HBV
Treponema Pallidum
CMV
T. Pallidum is .... so blood components stored below 20'C can low transmission risk.
Cold-loving
Warm-loving
How do we do blood screening test for Syphilis?
NAT
Non-treponemal assays
PCR
Specific assays
How does non specific assays like VDRL and RPR identify an early Syphilis infection?
Detect viral RNA
Detect viral DNA
Detect antigen
Detect antibodies
An active infection of Treponema Pallidum usually causes cellular damage and thus produce cardiolipin or lipodial antigen in plasma. How does these antigens trigger immune response and able to be detected by non-specific assays during Syphilis blood screening test?
Detect viral RNA that bind to the antigens
Detect viral DNA that bind to the antigens
Detect lipid that bind to the antigens
Detect antibodies that bind to the antigens
How do we confirm the non specific assays used when performing blood screening test for Syphilis?
NAT
DAT
Specific assays
Non-treponemal assay
How is the specific assays like TPHA, FTA-ABS and enzyme immunoassays are able to confirm Syphilis infection?
Detect specific treponemal antibodies
Detect specific treponemal antigen
Detect specific body symptoms
Choose the compulsory screening tests for donors of blood transfusion.
HIV
HBV
HCV
HAV
Treponema pallidum
Despite screening test for possible fatal diseases infection had been done, there is still risks of transfusion morbidity or mortality. What is the possible cause?
Animal contamination
Virus contamination
Bacterial contamination
Human contamination
Blood components are often stored in cold temperature (refrigated), however ..... bacteria able to multiply in such condition, giving a possible cause for transfusion reaction.
Psychrophiles
Thermophiles
Mesophiles
Choose ways to prevent bacterial contamination in blood components.
Clean phlebotomy sites
Careful selection of healthy donor
Using the same equipment for all blood components without prior cleaning
Discard the first aliquot of donor blood
There are other blood borne diseases like malaria, Chagas' and Toxoplasmosis. Why is the screening test for these diseases is not mandatory?
Only investigate based on frequency evidence
Not contagious
Do not cause transfusion reaction
Only investigate if the donor's place is free from the diseases
