WorksheetsCCB's , Vasodilators, RAAS drugs
Total questions: 19
Worksheet time: 10mins
A patient who is taking furosemide [Lasix] and digoxin will begin taking captopril [Capoten]. The nurse is providing information about the drug. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?
“I will need to have blood tests done every 2 weeks for a few months.”
“I should take this medication on a full stomach.”
“I should stop taking the Lasix about a week before starting the Capoten.”
“I can use acetaminophen for analgesia if needed.”
. A female patient who is not taking any other medications is prescribed aliskiren [Tekturna], a direct renin inhibitor (DRI). The nurse reviews medication information with the patient. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
“I should restrict my potassium intake while taking this drug.”
“I should take this medication 1 hour before sitting down to a meal.”
“If I take this drug with a high-fat meal, it will be more effective.”
“If I get pregnant, I should stop taking this drug by the second trimester.”
. A nurse administers an ACE inhibitor to a patient who is taking the drug for the first time. What will the nurse do?
Request an order for a diuretic to counter the side effects of the ACE inhibitor.
Report the presence of a dry cough to theprescriber.
Make sure the patient takes a potassiumsupplement.
Instruct the patient not to get up without assistance.
A provider has ordered captopril [Capoten] for a patient who has hypertension. The patient reports a history of swelling of the tongue and lips after taking enalapril [Vasotec] in the past. Which action by the nurse is correct?
Reassure the patient that this is not a serious side effect
Request an order to administer fosinopril instead of captopril.
Hold the dose and notify the provider.
Administer the captopril and monitor for adverse effects.
A patient who has been taking an antihypertensive medication for several years is recovering from a myocardial infarction. The prescriber changes the patient’s medication to an ACE inhibitor. The patient asks the nurse why a new drug is necessary. What is the nurse’s response?
“ACE inhibitors regulate electrolytes that affect the cardiac rhythm.”
“ACE inhibitors increase venous return to the heart, improving cardiac output.”
“ACE inhibitors can prevent or reverse pathologic changes in the heart’s structure.”
“ACE inhibitors help lower LDL cholesterol and raise HDL cholesterol.”
A female patient who begins taking spironolactone [Aldactone] as an adjunct to furosemide [Lasix] complains that her voice is deepening. What will the nurse do?
Teach the patient to report any associated cough, which may indicate a more severe side
effect.
Report this side effect to the provider and request another medication for this patient.
Contact the provider to obtain an order for a complete blood count (CBC) and liver function tests.
Explain that this drug binds with receptors for steroid hormones, causing this effect.
A female patient taking an ACE inhibitor learns that she is pregnant. What will the nurse tell this patient?
The patient should stop taking the medication and contact her provider immediately.
The patient’s prescriber probably will change her medication to an ARB.
The fetus must be monitored closely while the patient is taking this drug.
The fetus most likely will have serious congenital defects.
A nurse is teaching a patient who will begin taking verapamil [Calan] for hypertension about the drug’s side effects. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
“I may need to increase my digoxin dose while taking this drug.”
“I may have swelling of my hands and feet, but this will subside.”
“I may experience a rapid heart rate as a result of taking this drug.”
“I may become constipated, so I should increase fluids and fiber.”
A patient begins taking nifedipine [Procardia], along with metoprolol, to treat hypertension. The nurse understands that metoprolol is used to:
prevent constipation.
prevent reflex tachycardia.
minimize gingival hyperplasia.
reduce flushing.
Which medications are most likely to cause postural hypotension? Select all that apply.
Losartan [Cozaar]
Captopril [Capoten]
Prazosin [Minipress]
Diltiazem [Cardizem]
Minoxidil
The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking a vasodilator that dilates capacitance vessels. The nurse will expect which effect in this patient?
Increase in cardiac output
Increase in venous return
Increase in tissue perfusion
Decrease in cardiac work
A female patient with essential hypertension is being treated with hydralazine 25 mg twice daily. The nurse assesses the patient and notes a heart rate of 96 beats/minute and a blood pressure of 110/72 mm Hg. The nurse will request an order to:
reduce the dose of hydralazine.
give the patient a diuretic.
administer a drug that dilates veins.
administer a beta blocker.
A nurse is administering a vasodilator that dilates resistance vessels. The nurse understands that this drug will have which effect on the patient?
Decreased cardiac preload
Increased ventricular contraction
Increased tissue perfusion
Decreased cardiac output
A patient is taking a vasodilator that relaxes smooth muscles in veins. To help minimize drug side effects, the nurse caring for this patient will:
warn the patient about the possibility of bradycardia.
tell the patient to report shortness of breath.
encourage the patient to increase fluid intake.
caution the patient not to get up abruptly.
Which patients may receive hydralazine to treat hypertension? Select all that apply.
A mother breastfeeding a newborn
An older adult
A pregnant woman
A 5-year-old child
A 1-month-old infant
A nurse is caring for a patient who will begin taking hydralazine to treat hypertension. Which statement bythe patient indicates understanding of the nurse’s teaching about this drug?
“This drug may cause excessive hair growth on my face, arms, and back.”
“I may develop joint pain, but this side effect will decrease over time.”
“I will also take a beta blocker medication with this drug to prevent rapid heart rate.”
“I will need to ask for assistance when getting up out of a chair.”
A patient is admitted with severe hypertensive crisis. The nurse will anticipate administering which medication?
Hydralazine [Apresoline] 25 mg PO
Sodium nitroprusside [Nitropress] IV
Minoxidil 20 mg PO
Captopril PO
A patient begins taking nifedipine [Procardia], along with metoprolol, to treat hypertension. The nurse understands that metoprolol is used to:
minimize gingival hyperplasia.
prevent constipation.
prevent reflex tachycardia.
reduce flushing.
A patient who stops taking an ACE inhibitor because of its side effects will begin taking an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) medication. Which side effect of ACE inhibitors will not occur with an ARB medication?
Cough
Renal failure
Hyperkalemia
Angioedema
