WorksheetsHESI Review: Procedures
Total questions: 60
Worksheet time: 3600secs
What must be done after contrast is injected into a joint during arthrography?
Patient must return the following day for advanced imaging.
Patient must remain as still as possible to prevent contrast displacement.
Patient must have the contrast removed using a spinal needle following fluoroscopy.
Patient must put the joint through range of motion to distribute the contrast.
The AP axial projection of the sacrum requires tube angulation in the cephalad direction of how many degrees?
10°
15°
20°
25°
Projections that are generally included in an acute abdomen survey include which of the following?
AP supine abdomen
Dorsal decubitus abdomen
Erect or lateral decubitus abdomen
PA chest
Ventral decubitus abdomen
Which positioning line should b perpendicular to the IR when performing a PA Axial (Caldwell) projection?
IOML
OML
GML
MML
Which of the following is not a standard projection for the wrist?
Lateral
AP
PA
External oblique
Where should the petrous pyramids be projected in the PA axial projection (Caldwell method) of the skull using a 15° caudal tube angle?
In the upper two-third of the orbits.
Below the maxillary sinuses.
In the lower one third of the orbits.
Filling the orbits.
The xiphoid/ensiform process is at what vertebral level?
T2-3
L4
T9-10
S1-2
Which of the following projections of the elbow will show the radial head, neck, and tuberosity free of superimposition by the ulna?
Lateral projection (lateromedial)
AP medial oblique (internal rotation)
AP lateral oblique (external rotation)
Acute flexion projection
The only saddle joint in the body is formed by the:
trapezium and 1st metacarpal
scaphoid and trapezium
navicular and 1st metacarpal
trapezium and 1st metatarsal
The intervertebral foramina are best demonstrated in which projections of the spine?
Lateral sacrum/coccyx
Lateral lumbar spine
Lateral thoracic spine
Lateral cervical spine
What is the relationship of the epicondyles to the IR in an AP projection of the humerus or elbow?
Vertical
Parallel
Perpendicular
Diagonal
In an AP external rotation projection of the shoulder, the __________ should be seen in profile laterally.
humeral head
greater tubercle
lesser tubercle
glenoid fossa
Which foramina are demonstrated with a left posterior oblique (LPO) position of the cervical spine?
The left intervertebral foramina (downside)
The right intervertebral foramina (downside)
The right intervertebral foramina (upside)
The left intervertebral foramina (upside)
A broad shouldered patient comes to the radiology department for a routine cervical spine series. The lateral projection demonstrates only the C1-C5 region. The radiologist needs to see C6-T1. What additional projection can be obtained to demonstrate this region?
LAO
RPO
AP Axial Oblique Projection (Pillars)
Cervicothoracic (Swimmer’s) lateral projection
The appropriate centering point for an AP projection of the lumbosacral region is
midpoint between the xiphoid tip and sternal notch
2 inches superior to the public symphysis
at the level of the iliac crest
1 inch superior to the iliac crest and 2 inches medial to the ASIS
Which of the following is the usual way of obtaining a lateral projection of the proximal humerus in cases of trauma?
Transthoracic or Lawrence method
Grashey method
Lateromedial recumbent
Stetcher method
Which of the following is true regarding the Towne method?
The dorsum sellae is projected within the foramen magnum.
The zygomatic arches are free of superimposition.
The anatomy of interest is the frontal bone and maxilla.
The petrous ridges are projected in the lower 1/3 of the orbits.
A patient cannot flex their head and neck sufficiently to place the OML perpendicular to the IR for the AP axial view. What should the technologist do?
perform the Caldwell method
use the AML and increase the CR angle by 10 degrees
use the IOML and increase the CR angle by 7 degrees
perform a SMV projection in place of the AP axial
How many posterior ribs should be visualized above the diaphragm in order for a PA chest to be evaluated for adequate inspiration?
6
9
10
12
All the following statements regarding hand hygiene and skin care are correct except:
hands should be cleansed before and after each patient examination.
any cracks or abrasions should be left uncovered to facilitate healing.
faucets should be opened and closed with paper towels.
hands should be smooth and free from chapping.
When examining the contrast-filled bladder, how many degrees caudad is the X-ray tube angled in order to project the symphysis pubis inferior to the urinary bladder?
10 to 15
20 to 25
30 to 35
40 to 45
During an IVU images taken 30 seconds - 1 minute post injection will demonstrate:
kidneys (nephrogram phase)
kidneys (contrast in collecting tubules)
ureters
urinary bladder
Where is the central ray (CR) placed for a PA projection of the third digit?
At the distal interphalangeal joint
At the metacarpo-phalangeal joint
At the head of the third metacarpal
At the proximal interphalangeal joint
The central ray (CR) for an anteroposterior (AP) supine, adult chest projection, should be centered:
to the level of T4.
3 to 4 inches (8 to 10 cm) below the jugular notch.
at the vertebra prominens.
at the xiphoid process.
At what level should the central ray (CR) be placed for a left lateral decubitus projection of the abdomen?
Iliac crest
2 inches (5 cm) above iliac crest
ASIS
Umbilicus
The hepatic portal vein carries blood from the abdominal digestive track to the:
inferior vena cava.
spleen.
kidneys.
liver.
Which of the following arteries is found at the level of the knee?
Popliteal
Anterior
Deep femoral
Dorsalis pedis
What type of CR angle is required for the AP lordotic projection for the lung apices?
None. CR is perpendicular to IR.
10- to 15-degree caudad.
15- to 20-degree cephalad.
25- to 35-degree caudad.
How does the central ray location vary on an AP Scapula and an AP Shoulder radiograph?
The CR for the AP scapula is one inch lower
The CR for the AP scapula is 3 inches lower
The CR for the AP scapula is 1 inch higher
The CR is in the same location for both views
How many projections are required for the AP-acute flexion study of the elbow?
One
Two
Three
Four
Why is the supine AP projection rarely taken during a thoracic spine myelogram?
Patient discomfort at puncture site
Contrast media may leak from puncture site
Contrast media tend to pool near the midthoracic region
Excessive radiation exposure to anterior chest structures
Which part of the large intestine is located between the rectum and the descending colon?
Left colic flexure
Right colic flexure
Sigmoid colon
Cecum
How much rotation of the body is required for an LAO projection of the thoracic spine (from the plane of the table)?
20 degrees
45 degrees
50 to 60 degrees
70 degrees
How much obliquity of the body is required for posterior oblique (LPO/RPO) positions for the sacroiliac joints?
45 degrees
10 to 15 degrees
60 to 70 degrees
25 to 30 degrees
A patient comes to radiology with possible diverticulosis. Which of the following studies is most diagnostic for detecting this condition?
Single-contrast barium enema
Double-contrast barium enema
Evacuative proctogram
Small bowel series
An AP projection of the foot should have a central ray angle of
15 degrees posterior
15 degrees anterior
5 degrees anterior
10 degrees posterior
A young child comes to radiology with an elbow injury. The basic elbow projections demonstrate a possible nondisplaced fracture of the coronoid process. Beyond the medial oblique projection, what additional projection(s) can be performed to demonstrate the coronoid process in profile?
Coyle method with 45-degree CR angle toward shoulder
Radial head lateral projections
Coyle method with 45-degree CR angle away from shoulder
Acute flexion projection
A patient comes to radiology for an evaluation of the longitudinal arch of the foot. Which of the following projections would provide the best information about the arch?
Routine foot series
Plantodorsal (axial) projection
AP and lateral weight-bearing projections of foot
Sesamoid bone series projection
A radiograph of a plantodorsal (axial) projection of the calcaneus reveals foreshortening. The technologist used 60 kVp, 6 mAs, 40-inch (100-cm) SID, and a 25-degree cephalad CR angle from the long axis of the foot. Which of the following modifications will produce a more diagnostic image of the calcaneus?
Plantarflex the foot.
Increase CR angulation.
Decrease CR angulation.
Increase kVp to 70.
A longitudinal plane that divides the body into equal anterior and posterior parts is the _____ plane.
midcoronal
midsagittal
horizontal
oblique
Why is the right kidney usually lower in the abdomen than the left kidney?
Presence of right colic flexure
Presence of the liver
Presence of the stomach
Presence of right suprarenal gland
Which of the following projections best produces an unobstructed view of the fibular head and neck?
Medial oblique knee
External oblique knee
Medial oblique ankle
Mortise ankle
How much rotation from an AP position of the ankle will typically produce an AP mortise projection?
No rotation is necessary
45- to 60-degree lateral
15- to 20-degree medial
25- to 30-degree medial
In which of the four major quadrants of the abdomen would the cecum be found?
Right upper quadrant
Left lower quadrant
Left upper quadrant
Right lower quadrant
Which of the following muscles should be demonstrated on a properly exposed abdomen projection on an average-size patient?
Latissimus dorsi
Erector spinae
Psoas major
Quadratus lumborum
Which radiographic landmark is most reliable to evaluate the posteroanterior (PA) projection of the abdomen for rotation?
Xiphoid process
Symphysis pubis
Ala of ilium
ASIS
The centering point “2.5 in distal and perpendicular to the midpoint of a line between the ASIS and the pubic symphysis” identifies correct centering for the AP projection of what body part?
Hip
Pelvis
Knee
Elbow
Ribs 1–10 articulate with thoracic vertebrae at which of the following locations?
Vertebral body
Lamina
Pedicle
Transverse processes
Which of the following are the synarthrodial sutures of the skull?
Coronal
Occipital
Sagittal
Squamosal
Lambdoidal
What term is used to describe turning of the body or arm so that the palm faces backward, with the thumb toward the midline of the body?
Abduction
Circumduction
Pronation
Eversion
Supination
A fracture of the orbit would be best demonstrated by the:
Modified parietoacanthial (Modified Waters)
PA Axial (Caldwell)
AP Axial (Towne)
Parietoacanthial
(Waters)
The most effective means of reducing voluntary motion is
expediting the exam.
good communication.
using the shortest possible exposure time.
using immobilization devices/restraints.
Select the three correct statements:
Long bone measurement examinations are usually performed to detect limb length differences between left and right sides.
An AP projection of the knee should be centered to a point 0.5 in distal to the patellar base.
If both femoral articulations cannot be recorded on one IP, the radiographer should include the joint nearest the injury/pathology OR make two images: one from the hip down, the other from the knee up.
The two evaluation criteria for correct positioning of the lateral knee are femoral condyles superimposed and patellofemoral joint space open.
The CR should be directed midway between the malleoli for the AP projection of the wrist.
If the distance between the ASIS and tabletop is less than 19 cm, the correct tube angle for an AP knee is:
5 degrees caudad
5 degrees cephalad
perpendicular
0 degrees caudad
The AP medial oblique projection of the foot requires what degree of obliquity?
20°
30°
45°
60°
The coronoid process should be visualized in profile in which of the following positions?
Scapular Y
AP scapula
Medial oblique elbow
Lateral oblique elbow
The RAO position is used to project the sternum to the left of the thoracic vertebrae in order to take advantage of
pulmonary markings
heart shadow
posterior ribs
costal cartilages
Which of the following is the most distal portion of the bronchial tree?
Alveoli
Primary bronchus
Tertiary bronchi
Bronchioles
During a myelogram procedure the needle is inserted into the _______ space.
subdural
subarachnoid
subthecal
epidural
Which describes the correct positioning for a PA chest radiograph?
the chin is extended
the clavicles are elevated
the shoulders are depressed
the shoulders are rolled posteriorly
the shoulder are equal distance from the IR
