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Worksheets

Path - GU

Total questions: 96

Worksheet time: 52mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

When an erection occurs, arterioles in the penis:

(Massey Lecture)

a)

Vasodilate in response to norepinephrine.

b)

Allow the filling of the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum with 50 to 75 ml of blood.

c)

Vasodilate in response to nitric oxide.

d)

Allow filling of the tunica albuginea with 25 to 50 ml of blood.

2.

We know that testosterone:

(Massey Lecture)

a)

Produces a catabolic effect on skeletal muscle.

b)

Increases hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.

c)

Suppresses activity of the sebaceous glands.

d)

Is a peptide hormone.

3.

Which cells of the testes produce testosterone? (Riggs lecture)

a)

Leydig cells

b)

Sertoli cells

c)

Follicle cells

d)

Germ cells

4.

Delayed Puberty Result from:

(Riggs lecture)

a)

A physiological delay

b)

Hypergonadotropism

c)

Hypogonadotropism

d)

All of the above

5.

Which form of precocious puberty is GnRH dependent:

(Riggs lecture)

a)

Central

b)

Peripheral

6.

Purulent or clear, mucus-like discharge from the urethra is specific for:

(Riggs lecture)

a)

Urethral stricture

b)

Urethritis

7.

Foreskin cannot be retracted back over the glans:

(Riggs lecture)

a)

Phimosis

b)

Paraphimosis

c)

Peyronie Disease

d)

Priapism

8.

Often, squamous cell carcinoma :

(Riggs lecture)

a)

Phimosis

b)

Paraphimosis

c)

Peyronie Disease

d)

Penile cancer

e)

Priapism

9.

Can affect fertility:

(Riggs lecture)

a)

Spermatocele

b)

Varicocele

c)

Hydrocele

10.

“Bag of Worms”

(Riggs lecture)

a)

Spermatocele

b)

Varicocele

c)

Hydrocele

11.

“Benign spermatocele cysts"

(Riggs lecture)

a)

Spermatocele

b)

Varicocele

c)

Hydrocele

12.

The function of the epididymis is

[Massey quiz]

a)

maintains control of the temperature to facilitate optimal sperm development

b)

androgen production

c)

provides a passageway for the testes as they descend into the scrotum

d)

conducts sperm from efferent tubules to vas deferens

13.

Which structure helps to maintain the alkalinity of sperm?

[Massey quiz]

a)

seminal vessicles

b)

prostate gland

c)

vas deferentia

d)

cowper gland

14.

Which of the following is/are involved in the erectile reflex?

[Massey quiz]

a)

draining of the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum

b)

Corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum engorgement

c)

temperature of testes

d)

sperm production

15.

Which of the following contain 46 chromosomes?

[Massey quiz]

a)

spermatids

b)

secondary spermatocytes

c)

mature sperm

d)

spermatogonia

16.

Testes

a)

produce gametes (sperm)

b)

produce sex hormones (androgens, testosterone)

c)

delivers sperm to female vagina

d)

eliminates urine

17.

Penis

a)

produce gametes (sperm)

b)

produce sex hormones (androgens, testosterone)

c)

delivers sperm to female vagina

d)

eliminates urine

18.

outer covering

a)

tunica vaginalis

b)

tunica albuginea

c)

efferent tubules

d)

tunica dartos

19.

this covering forms septa

a)

tunica vaginalis

b)

tunica albuginea

c)

efferent tubules

d)

tunica dartos

20.

sperm moves through _________ → to epididymis where they mature

a)

tunica vaginalis

b)

tunica albuginea

c)

efferent tubules

d)

tunica dartos

21.

muscle that forms a septum between the two testes

a)

tunica vaginalis

b)

tunica albuginea

c)

efferent tubules

d)

tunica dartos

22.

make up most of the testes and this is where sperm is produced

a)

seminiferous tubules

b)

epididymis

c)

Leydig cells

23.

where sperm matures

a)

seminiferous tubules

b)

epididymis

c)

Leydig cells

24.

make androgens, specifically testosterone

a)

seminiferous tubules

b)

epididymis

c)

Leydig cells

25.

contracts muscle brings testes closer to body

a)

Cold temperature

b)

Warm temperature

26.

relaxes muscle and suspend testes away from body heat

a)

Cold temperature

b)

Warm temperature

27.

all contained in the scrotum

a)

penis

b)

testes

c)

epididymides

d)

spermatic cords

28.

_________ causes arterioles to dilate via release of NO (Nitrous Oxide) and fill with 20-50 ml of blood.

a)

Restriction

b)

Stimulation

29.

maintained because veins that carry blood out of penis are constricted

a)

Erection

b)

Flaccid

30.

Seminal Vesicles

a)

Are a pair of glands that lie behind the urinary bladder.

b)

Provide fructose

c)

Secrete prostaglandins

d)

Join the ampulla of vas deferens through ducts

e)

Secrete mucus into the ejaculate

31.

contracts rhythmically during emission and ejaculation

a)

Vasa deferentia

b)

Ejaculatory duct

c)

Bulbourethral glands (Cowper glands)

32.

Vasectomy: _________ are severed and then tied to prevent sperm from entering the ejaculate

a)

Vasa deferentia

b)

Ejaculatory duct

c)

Bulbourethral glands (Cowper glands)

33.

Secrete mucus into the ejaculate.

a)

Vasa deferentia

b)

Ejaculatory duct

c)

Bulbourethral glands (Cowper glands)

34.

Vasectomy is a permanent male birth control

a)

True

b)

False

35.

Prostatic fluid

a)

thin, milky substance with an alkaline pH helps sperm survive in acidic environment of female reproductive tract

b)

contains clotting enzymes and fibrinolysin

c)

promote smooth muscle contraction, assisting with sperm transport

d)

source of energy for ejaculated sperm

36.

source of energy for ejaculated sperm

a)

fructose

b)

prostaglandins

c)

fibrinolysin

37.

promote smooth muscle contraction, assisting with sperm transport

a)

fructose

b)

prostaglandins

c)

fibrinolysin

38.

helps mobilize sperm after ejaculation in the female reproductive tract

a)

fructose

b)

prostaglandins

c)

fibrinolysin

39.

haploid (23 chromosomes)

a)

spermatids

b)

secondary spermatocytes

c)

mature sperm

d)

spermatogonia

e)

primary spermatocytes

40.

diploid (46 chromosomes)

a)

spermatids

b)

secondary spermatocytes

c)

mature sperm

d)

spermatogonia

e)

primary spermatocytes

41.

Testosterones

a)

Produced mainly in Leydig cells of the testes

b)

Primary androgen/Primary male sex hormone

c)

Sexual differentiation during development, Nervous and skeletal tissue development, Anabolic effect on skeletal muscle tissue

d)

Sex drive: Libido

e)

Stimulates sebaceous glands

42.

Maintains biosynthesis of testosterone

a)

Prolactin

b)

LH (luteinizing hormone)

c)

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)

d)

Inhibin

43.

Acts on Leydig cells to regulate testosterone secretion.

a)

Prolactin

b)

LH (luteinizing hormone)

c)

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)

d)

Inhibin

44.

Acts on Sertoli cells to promote spermatogenesis.

a)

Prolactin

b)

LH (luteinizing hormone)

c)

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)

d)

Inhibin

45.

Inhibin

a)

Is secreted by the Sertoli cells.

b)

Inhibits FSH secretion.

c)

Functions as an autocrine/paracrine regulator in the male gonad.

d)

Inhibits the proliferation of spermatogonia by regulating FSH levels.

e)

Facilitates LH stimulation of androgen biosynthesis in the Leydig cells.

46.

Disruption of HPT Axis Can Result in:

a)

Hypogonadism

b)

Infertility

c)

Vasectomy

d)

Hypergonadism

e)

Prostatitis

47.

In boys, the first signs of puberty are ________ and _______

a)

enlargement of the testes

b)

thinning of the scrotal skin

c)

dropping of the testes

d)

thickening of the scrotal skin

48.

-Increased levels of FSH and LH

-Impaired response of the gonads to the gonadotropins and lack of sex steroid production.

a)

Hypergonaotropism

b)

Hypogonadotropism

c)

Anorchism

49.

-Decreased levels of FSH and luteinizing hormone LH

-Little or no sex hormone is produced

-Dysfunction with the pituitary gland or the hypothalamus.

a)

Hypergonaotropism

b)

Hypogonadotropism

c)

Anorchism

50.

XY Disorder of sex development in which individuals have both testes absent at birth.

a)

Hypergonaotropism

b)

Hypogonadotropism

c)

Anorchism

51.

Considered when secondary sex characteristics have not appeared in boys by 14 years of age

a)

Delayed Puberty

b)

Precocious Puberty

52.

Sexual maturation in boys before 9 years of age

a)

Delayed Puberty

b)

Precocious Puberty

53.

Is gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)–dependent and occurs when the HPG axis is working normally but prematurely. Failure of central inhibition of the GnRH pulse generator.

a)

Central precocious puberty

b)

Peripheral precocious puberty

54.

Is GnRH-independent and develops when sex hormones are produced by some mechanism other than stimulation by the gonadotropins.

a)

Central precocious puberty

b)

Peripheral precocious puberty

55.

most common causative agents of urethritis ***

a)

Escherichia coli

b)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

c)

Chlamydia trachomatis

d)

Ureaplasma urealyticum

56.

An inflammatory process of the urethra without concurrent bladder infection.

a)

Urethritis

b)

Urethral Strictures

57.

Fibrotic narrowing of urethra caused by scarring

a)

Urethritis

b)

Urethral Strictures

58.

Causes: poor hygiene and chronic infection

a)

Phimosis

b)

Paraphimosis

c)

Peyronie disease

d)

Priapism

59.

Foreskin cannot be retracted back over the glans

a)

Phimosis

b)

Paraphimosis

c)

Peyronie disease

d)

Priapism

60.

Foreskin is retracted and cannot be moved forward (reduced) to cover the glans

a)

Phimosis

b)

Paraphimosis

c)

Peyronie disease

d)

Priapism

61.

Inflammation of the glans penis

a)

Phimosis

b)

Paraphimosis

c)

Peyronie disease

d)

Priapism

e)

Balanitis

62.

Fibrous plaques (thickening) slowly develops in the erectile tissue of the corpus cavernosa, causing penile curvature during erection.

a)

Phimosis

b)

Paraphimosis

c)

Peyronie disease

d)

Priapism

e)

Balanitis

63.

Prolonged penile erection

a)

Phimosis

b)

Paraphimosis

c)

Peyronie disease

d)

Priapism

e)

Balanitis

64.

Penile Cancer is mostly

a)

basal cell carcinoma

b)

squamous cell carcinoma

65.

Urologic emergency (tx required within hrs) ***

a)

Peyronie disease

b)

Priapism

c)

Balanitis

66.

Medical emergency causing urinary obstruction ***

a)

Severe phimosis

b)

Severe paraphimosis

67.

Inflammation and dilation of the veins in the spermatic cord

a)

Varicocele

b)

Hydrocele

c)

Spermatocele

68.

Scrotal swelling caused by the collection of fluid in the tunica vaginalis

a)

Varicocele

b)

Hydrocele

c)

Spermatocele

69.

Inadequate or absent valves in the spermatic veins

a)

Varicocele

b)

Hydrocele

c)

Spermatocele

70.

Benign epididymal cysts

a)

Varicocele

b)

Hydrocele

c)

Spermatocele

71.

Varicocele is most common on the ____ side

a)

left

b)

right

72.

Conditions that can affect fertility ***

a)

Varicocele

b)

Hydrocele

c)

Spermatocele

d)

Cryptorchidism

e)

Bilateral orchitis

73.

Failure of one or more of the testes to descend from the abdominal cavity into the scrotum

a)

Cryptorchidism

b)

Testicular Torsion

c)

Testicular Cancer

d)

Epididymitis

e)

Ectopic Testes

74.

Medical emergency!!!!!! ***

a)

Cryptorchidism

b)

Testicular Torsion

c)

Testicular Cancer

d)

Epididymitis

e)

Ectopic Testes

75.

Caused by vascular engorgement and ischemia ***

a)

Cryptorchidism

b)

Testicular Torsion

c)

Testicular Cancer

d)

Epididymitis

e)

Ectopic Testes

76.

Pathogenic microorganism reaches the epididymis by ascending the vas deferens from an already infected bladder or urethra.

a)

Cryptorchidism

b)

Testicular Torsion

c)

Testicular Cancer

d)

Epididymitis

e)

Ectopic Testes

77.

Can be accompanied by hydrocele (10%) ***

a)

Cryptorchidism

b)

Testicular Torsion

c)

Testicular Cancer

d)

Epididymitis

e)

Ectopic Testes

78.

Is common in men between 15 and 35 years of age. ***

a)

Prostate cancer

b)

Testicular cancer

c)

Penile cancer

79.

contains the majority of prostatic glandular tissue (70%-80% of prostate cancers originate here.

[prostate gland zones]

a)

Peripheral (PZ)

b)

Central (CZ)

c)

Transition (TZ)

80.

surrounds ejaculatory ducts (5% of cancers originate here-aggressive into ejaculatory ducts)

[prostate gland zones]

a)

Peripheral (PZ)

b)

Central (CZ)

c)

Transition (TZ)

81.

surrounds urethra as it enters the prostate gland (20% of cancers originate here-BPH)

[prostate gland zones]

a)

Peripheral (PZ)

b)

Central (CZ)

c)

Transition (TZ)

82.

Noncancerous enlargement of the gland

a)

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

b)

Acute Bacterial Prostatitis

c)

Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis

d)

Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome

83.

Acute bacterial infection: Ascending infection of the urinary tract

a)

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

b)

Acute Bacterial Prostatitis

c)

Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis

d)

Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome

84.

Chronic bacterial infection: Recurrent urinary tract symptoms and persistence of pathogenic bacteria (gram negative)

a)

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

b)

Acute Bacterial Prostatitis

c)

Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis

d)

Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome

85.

No pathogenic bacteria is localized to the prostate.

a)

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

b)

Acute Bacterial Prostatitis

c)

Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis

d)

Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome

86.

Pathway for PCa initiation and progression: ***

a)

loss of p53 is associated with worse outcome

b)

loss of p53 is associated with a better outcome

c)

the more mutations the outcome becomes worse

d)

less mutations the outcome becomes worse

87.

Gleason Grading System: A _________ indicates a greater likelihood of having non-organ confined disease and worse outcome after treatment of localized disease

a)

higher score

b)

lower score

88.

5-year survival rate of men with localized cancer is 100% with or without treatment

a)

Prostate cancer

b)

Testicular cancer

c)

Penile cancer

89.

Hormones involved in prostate cancer

a)

Testosterone

b)

Dihydroxytestosterone (DHT)

c)

Estradiol

d)

LH (luteinizing hormone)

e)

FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)

90.

major circulating androgen

a)

Testosterone

b)

DHT

91.

predominates in prostate tissue (and acts locally). Higher affinity for the androgen receptor

a)

Testosterone

b)

DHT

92.

is the primary androgen that stimulates the growth of both benign and malignant prostate tissues.

a)

Testosterone

b)

DHT

93.

Stromal tissues respond to _______

a)

Testosterone

b)

DHT

94.

________ would feedback inhibit production of androgens in the testes

a)

Estrogen

b)

Progesterone

95.

In the prostate, _________ is converted into _____ by the enzyme 5-alpha-reductase.

a)

testosterone ; DHT

b)

DHT ; testosterone

c)

estradiol ; testosterone

d)

estradiol ; DHT

96.

Prostate Cancer: Pathogenesis

a)

Androgen-receptor signaling

b)

Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia

c)

Vasectomy

d)

Chronic inflammation

e)

Genetic and epigenetic factors