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WorksheetsAVCN-unit9-Những phân tử sinh học chủ yếu và Cách đọc số
Total questions: 89
Worksheet time: 45mins
Inorganic Compound?
hợp chất vô cơ
hợp chất hữu cơ
Các hợp chất vô cơ thường là các phân tử nhỏ, liên kết .......
ion
cộng hóa trị
tĩnh điện
....... are examples of inorganic
Water, and many common acids, and bases
Water, and many common acids, and salts
Water, and many common bases, and salts
Water, and many common acids, bases, and salts
......is the most abundant substance in cells
water
protein
lipid
abundant?
đa số/ nhiều
thiểu số/ ít
nước là phân tử phân cực của các phản ứng ......của quá trình ...
phân huỷ / tiêu hoá
tổng hợp / tiêu hoá
phân huỷ / tỏa nhiệt
tổng hợp / tỏa nhiệt
polar?
phân cực
không phân cực
Because water is a polar molecule of the decomposition reactions of digestion
decomposition reactions of digestion
synthetic reactions of digestion
..... is an excellent temperature buffer
Water
acid
bazo
buffer?
dung dịch đệm
bơ
dung môi
dissociates?
phân ly
không phân ly
An acid dissociates into H ions and .....
anions
cations
A base dissociates into OH ions and .....
cations
anions
A salt dissociates negative and positive ions, ..... of which is H or OH
neither
either
A ...... dissociates negative and positive ions, neither of which is H or OH
salt
acid
bazo
The term pH refers to the ..... in a solution
concentration of H+
concentration of OH-
concentration ?
nồng độ / tập trung
phân ly / phân tán
neutral ?
trung tính
acid
bazo
neutral ?
trung tính
tính acid
tính bazo
acidity ?
trung tính
tính acid
tính bazo
alkalinity ?
trung tính
tính acid
tính bazo
A solution with a pH of 7 is .....
neutral
acidity
alkalinity
a pH below 7 indicates ....
neutral
acidity
alkalinity
a pH above 7 indicates ....
neutral
acidity
alkalinity
stabilizes ?
ổn định
phân lập
....., which stabilizes the pH inside a cell, can be used in culture media
A pH buffer
A buffer
A pH buffer solution
A pH buffer, which stabilizes the pH inside..... , can be used in culture media
a cell
the body
water
A pH buffer, which stabilizes the pH inside a cell, can be used in ......
culture media
protect environment
Organic compounds always contain ......
carbon and hydrogen
carbon
hydrogen
entirely ?
hoàn toàn
không hoàn toàn
Organic compounds are mostly or entirely ......, and many of them are large molecules
covalently bonded
ion bonded
carbon skeleton?
bộ xương carbon
phần tử carbon
A ...... forms a carbon skeleton
chain of carbon atoms
strand of carbon atoms
The letter R may be used to denote ? a particular functional group of atoms
biểu thị
không điền
The letter ......... may be used to denote a particular functional group of atoms are responsible for most of the properties of organic molecules
R
A
B
F
Frequently encountered ?
thường gặp
thường không thể đếm
Các lớp phân tử thường gặp là .....
R-OH (alcohol)
R-COOH (axit hữu cơ)
H2N-R-COOH (axit amin)
R-OH (alcohol), R-COOH
(axit hữu cơ), H2N-R-COOH (axit amin)
Frequently encountered classes of molecules are
R-OH (alcohol), R-COOH
(organic acids), H2N-R-COOH (amino acids)
R-OH (alcohol), R-COOH
(organic acids)
H2N-R-COOH (amino acids)
Macromolecules ?
đại phân tử
tiểu phân tử
Small organic molecules may combine into very large molecules called .....
macromolecules
ADN
ARN
condensation reactions ?
phản ứng ngưng tụ
phản ứng tổng hợp
Các monome thường liên kết với nhau bằng phản ứng ...... khử nước hoặc phản ứng ...... tạo thành nước và polyme
tổng hợp / ngưng tụ
tổng hợp/ phân hủy
Các monome thường liên kết với nhau bằng phản ứng tổng hợp ..... hoặc phản ứng ngưng tụ tạo thành nước và polyme
khử nước
háo nước
Các monome thường liên kết với nhau bằng phản ứng tổng hợp khử nước hoặc phản ứng ngưng tụ tạo thành nước và polyme
nước và polyme
nước
polyme
Carbohydrates are compounds consisting of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, with hydrogen and oxygen in a ratio of
2:1
1:2
1:4
Monomers usually bond together by dehydration synthesis or ...... that form water and a polymer
condensation reactions
decomposition reaction
Carbohydrates include ....
sugars
starches
cả 2
Carbohydrates can be divided into three types, monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides
monosaccharides
disaccharides
polysaccharides
cả 3
Monosaccharides contain from ...... carbon atoms
three to seven
three to six
Monosaccharides may form disaccharides and polysaccharides by ......
dehydration synthesis
condensation reactions
Polysaccharides and disaccharides may be broken down by...... , a reaction involving the splitting of water molecules
hydrolysis
synthesis reaction
...... are two molecules with the same chemical formula but different structures and properties - for example, glucose (CgH12O) and fructose (CoH12O6)
Isomers
Isomens
glucose và fructose là ....
đồng phân
đồng vị
Lipids are a diverse group of compounds distinguished by their ......
insolubility in water
color
Simple lipids (fats) consist of a molecule of ....... and three molecules of .........
glycerol / fatty acids
fatty acid / glycerols
saturated fat ?
Chất béo no
Chất béo không no
A saturated fat has ......... between carbon atoms in the fatty acids
no double bonds
double bonds
an unsaturated fat has ......
one or more double bonds
one double bonds
no double bonds
Phospholipids are complex lipids consisting of glycerol, ......
two fatty acids, and phosphate
fatty acids, and two phosphate
Steroids have ...... with functional hydroxyl and carbonyl groups
carbon ring systems
carbon systems
Steroids have carbon ring systems with functional ....... groups
hydroxyl
carbonyl
cả hai
......are the building blocks of proteins
Amino acids
starch
Amino acids consist of ......
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and some time sulfur
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
peptide bonds (formed by ......) allow the
formation of polypeptide chains
dehydration synthesis
decomposition reaction
polypeptide
chains
strands
Protein have four levels of structure - primary (.....)
sequence of amino acids
regular coils or pleats
Protein have four levels of structure - secondary (.....)
sequence of amino acids
regular coils or pleats
Protein have four levels of structure - tertiary (.....)
overall three-dimensional structure
of a polypeptide
two or more polypeptide chains
Protein have four levels of structure - quaternary (.....)
overall three-dimensional structure
of a polypeptide
two or more polypeptide chains
Conjugated proteins ?
Protein liên hợp
Protein liên kết
Conjugated proteins consist of amino acids combined with other ....... compounds
organic
inorganic
organic or inorganic
organic and inorganic
Nucleic acids - ...... - are macromolecules consisting of repeating nucleotides
DNA and RNA
polypeptide
A nucleotide is composed of .......
a pentose, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous
base
a pentose, a phosphos group, and a nitrogenous
base
a pentose, and a nitrogenous
base
A DNA nucleotide consists of .......
deoxyribose (a pentose)
one of these nitrogenous bases
cả 2
A DNA nucleotide consists of deoxyribose (a pentose) and one of these
nitrogenous bases: .......
Thymine or Cytosine (pyrimidines) or Adenine or Guanine
(purines)
Thymile or Cytosine (pyrimidines) or Adenine or Guanine
(purines)
Thymine or Cytosine (pyrimidines) or Agenine or Guanine (purines)
DNA consists of two........ wound in a double helix
strands of nucleotides
chain of nucleotides
a double helix ?
chuỗi xoắn kép
tắc dụng kép
wound?
quấn
trị thương
DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides wound in .....
a double helix
a helix
The strands are held together by ....... between purine and pyrimidine nucleotides: A-T and G-C.
hydrogen bonds
ion bonds
The strands
are held together by hydrogen bonds between purine and pyrimidine nucleotides: ........
A-T and G-C
A-C and G-T
An RNA nucleotide consists of ribose (a pentose) and one of these nitrogenous
bases: ...........
cytosine, guanine, adenine, or uracil
cytosine, guanine, adenine, or thymine
ATP stores? chemical energy for various cellular activities
dự trữ
đốt cháy
ATP stores chemical energy for various cellular activities?
hoat động tế bào
hoạt động hô hấp
When the bond to ATP's terminal phosphate group is ....., energy is released
broken
fromed
When the bond to ATP's terminal phosphate group is broken, energy is released?
giải phóng
lưu lại
The energy from decomposition reactions is used to
regenerate? ATP from ADP and phosphate
tái tạo
tái phân hủy
The energy from decomposition reactions is used to regenerate ATP from ......
ADP
phosphate
cả 2
ATP?
Adenosine Triphosphate
Adenosine Temperature
Phosphate
