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WorksheetsBiology EOC Sec 2 Practice Test
Total questions: 38
Worksheet time: 38mins
A variation causes the production of an improved
variety of apple. What is the best method to use
to obtain additional apple trees of this variety in
the shortest period of time?
selective breeding
natural selection
asexual reproduction
hormone therapy
In the laboratory setup shown, clover plants
containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria are cultured
under a glass dome and receive air through
an opening in the top. The air used contains
nitrogen-15 in place of normal nitrogen. After two
weeks, a grasshopper is allowed to feed on the
clover plants. When the grasshopper dies, its tissues will be decomposed. An immediate effect of this decay
on the surrounding environment would be that
less nitrogen is available than before the
grasshopper's death
ammonia is taken in by nitrogen-fixing
bacteria
animal protein is absorbed by clover plants
nitrogen is available for further recycling by
soil microorganisms
How does the type of reproduction shown in
method A in the accompanying diagram di er
from the type of reproduction shown in method B?
Method A illustrates sexual reproduction, and
method B illustrates asexual reproduction.
Offspring produced by method B will be
genetically alike, but o spring produced by
method A will be genetically different.
The two cells shown in the last step of
method A are genetically alike, but the two
cells shown in the last step of method B are
genetically different.
Offspring produced by method A will be
genetically like the parent, but o spring
produced by method B will be genetically
different from the parents.
Information related to the organisms found on
Earth during various geological time periods is
represented in the accompanying chart. Which statement concerning the first appearance of the organisms over the time period represented in this chart is most likely correct?
Life on Earth has remained the same.
Life on Earth has changed from primitive
organisms to more complex organisms.
Life on Earth began with complex organisms
and changed to more complex organisms.
Life on Earth has changed rapidly.
A simple diagram of nutrient cycling is shown
below. What substances do X and Y represent in this
nutrient cycle?
Substance X is salt and substance Y is water.
Substance X is glucose and substance Y is
starch.
Substance X is nitrogen and substance Y is
ammonia.
Substance X is carbon dioxide and
substance Y is oxygen.
A partial food web is shown below. The insect
species in this food web are ladybugs, aphids,
caterpillars, and grasshoppers. Which of the following statements describes what will most likely happen if another animal that preys on insects enters the community?
The plant populations will decrease.
The ladybug population will increase.
The small bird population will decrease.
The grasshopper population will increase.
Which diagram best represents the relative
locations of the structures in the list below?
A-chromosome
B-nucleus
C-cell
D-gene
A scientist has discovered a new plant, Plant X.
After comparing it to known carnivorous plants,
she made the hypothesis that Plant X is a
carnivorous plant. Study the chart below showing
characteristics of two carnivorous plants and
Plant X. Which of the following facts noted by the scientist
would complete the chart to prove her hypothesis?
Many kinds of insects are in the area.
Insects like to eat the plant's pink blossom.
The plant has chlorophyll for photosynthesis.
An insect is caught in the blossom's sticky fluid.
Scientists classify humans as omnivores, based on
their teeth. As omnivores, humans eat
only fungi
mostly plants and animals
only animals
mostly bacteria and fungi
The diagram below shows carbon cycling associated with oil and gas consumption. Which arrow on the carbon cycle diagram represents the process that takes the longest amount of time to occur?
1
3
5
7
Evidence that best supports the theory of biological
evolution was obtained from the
investigation of environmental niches
study of fossil records
comparison of the number of cells in
organisms
analysis of food chains and food webs
The diagram illustrates a proposed evolutionary
path of certain organisms, based on the theory of
evolution. Which statement could best be inferred from the information in this diagram?
Evolution does not involve gradual change.
Evolutionary changes can result in extinction.
Evolution begins with plants.
Evolution produces organisms that all ll the
same niche.
DNA electrophoresis is used to study evolutionary
relationships of species. The diagram below
shows the results of DNA electrophoresis for four
different animal species. Which species has the most DNA in common with species A?
X and Y, only
Y, only
Z, only
X, Y, and Z
If 15% of a DNA sample is made up of
thymine, T, what percentage of the sample is made
up of cytosine, C?
15%
35%
70%
85%
A mutation occurs in the liver cells of a certain field mouse. Which statement concerning the spread of this mutation through the mouse population is correct?
It will spread because it is bene cial.
It will spread because it is a dominant gene.
It will not spread because it is not in a
gamete.
It will not spread because it is a recessive
gene.
Which sequence best represents the relationship between DNA and the traits of an organism?
The diagram below represents a segment of a gene
on two chromosomes. The change in the gene sequence is an example of
an insertion
a deletion
a substitution
a replication
Which human activity has probably contributed
most to the acidification of lakes in the Adirondack
region?
passing environmental protection laws
establishing reforestation projects in lumbered
areas
burning fossil fuels that produce air pollutants
containing sulfur and nitrogen
using pesticides for the control of insects that
feed on trees
The data table below compares three features of
four plants. The four plants are in the same plant
family. What feature must a plant have to be grouped into this plant family?
purple flowers
square stems
a height less than 90 centimeters
a height greater than 90 centimeters
The picture below shows an energy pyramid. What will most likely happen to the foxes and the wolves if the rabbits are removed?
The foxes will eat more wolves.
The foxes will eat fewer wolves.
There will be more foxes and wolves.
There will be fewer foxes and wolves.
Which gas is forming in the test tube shown
above?
carbon dioxide
hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen
Which model correctly shows energy ow in a
food chain?
The diagram below represents a cell. Which statement concerning ATP and activity within the cell is correct?
The absorption of ATP occurs at structure A.
The synthesis of ATP occurs within
structure B.
ATP is produced most eciently by
structure C.
The template for ATP is found in structure D.
A scientist discovers a new organism that has the
characteristics listed below. Into which group should this organism be classified?
animals
plants
fungi
bacteria
The sequence A through E represents stages of ecological succession in a given area. In this sequence, which diagram represents a climax stage?
E
B
C
D
The picture below shows an ocean bay food chain. Sea otters move into the ocean bay. They eat all the sea urchins. This change will cause the
kelp to have less food.
crabs to have more food.
sea ducks to have less food.
arctic foxes to have more food.
The parents of a new baby believe they brought the wrong child home from the hospital. Gel electrophoresis was performed using DNA samples from the parents and the child. A section of the gel electrophoresis results is shown below. Which conclusion is valid based on the gel electrophoresis results?
They have the correct child, because her
genetic information is identical to that of the
father.
They have the wrong child, because her
genetic information does not match that of
either parent.
They have the correct child, because her
genetic information came from both parents.
They have the wrong child, because her
genetic information matches only that of the
mother.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the diagram below of a DNA molecule and on your knowledge of biology. What is the base sequence of strand X?
G-T-A-C
T-G-C-A
G-T-C-A
A-T-C-G
When a person's teeth are being x rayed, other body parts of this person are covered with a protective lead blanket to prevent
loss of hair
increase in cell size
changes in DNA molecules
changes in glucose structure
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the information below and on your knowledge of biology. Which statement best explains the decreased effectiveness of the insecticide?
The insecticide caused mutations that resulted
in immunity in the mosquito.
Mosquitoes resistant to the insecticide lived
and produced o spring.
The insecticide reacted chemically with the
DNA of the mosquitoes and was destroyed.
All of the mosquitoes produced antibodies
that activated the insecticide.
The puppies shown in the photograph below are
all from the same litter. The differences seen within this group of puppies are most likely due to
overproduction and selective breeding
mutations and elimination of genes
evolution and asexual reproduction
sorting and recombination of genes
How do nitrogen-fixing bacteria help cycle nitrogen
through ecosystems?
They release nitrogen into the atmosphere when they replicate their DNA.
They convert sunlight into chemical energy which is then stored in the nitrogen.
They convert ammonia from animal feces and urine into forms that plants can use.
They capture nitrogen from the atmosphere and convert it into forms that plants can use.
According to modern evolutionary theory, genes
responsible for new traits that help a species
survive in a particular environment will usually
not change in frequency
decrease gradually in frequency
decrease rapidly in frequency
increase in frequency
During photosynthesis in plants, what is the source
of the carbon in the sugar molecule (C6H12O6)?
carbon dioxide in the air
carbon monoxide in the air
carbon particles in the soil
carbon particles in water
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram and on your knowledge of biology. Letters A through J represent different species of organisms. The vertical distances between the dotted lines represent long periods of time in which major environmental changes occurred. Which species appears to have been most successful in surviving changes in the environment over time?
A
B
C
H
Carbon in the atmosphere is most often found as which of the following compounds?
stratospheric ozone
fossil fuel
carbon monoxide
carbon dioxide
Which sequence best represents sexual reproduction?
mitosis -> gametes -> zygote -> fertilization
gametes -> meiosis -> mitosis -> fertilization
fertilization -> gametes -> meiosis -> zygote
meiosis -> gametes -> fertilization -> zygote
What is the main function of a vacuole in a cell?
storage
coordination
synthesis of molecules
release of energy
